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CRISC Certified in Risk and Information Systems Control Questions and Answers

Questions 4

The BEST metric to monitor the risk associated with changes deployed to production is the percentage of:

Options:

A.

changes due to emergencies.

B.

changes that cause incidents.

C.

changes not requiring user acceptance testing.

D.

personnel that have rights to make changes in production.

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Questions 5

An IT risk threat analysis is BEST used to establish

Options:

A.

risk scenarios

B.

risk maps

C.

risk appetite

D.

risk ownership.

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CRISC Report Card

Questions 6

Which of the following is MOST important to consider when determining risk appetite?

Options:

A.

Service level agreements (SLAs)

B.

Risk heat map

C.

IT capacity

D.

Risk culture

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Questions 7

Which of the following BEST protects organizational data within a production cloud environment?

Options:

A.

Data encryption

B.

Continuous log monitoring

C.

Right to audit

D.

Data obfuscation

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Questions 8

Which of the following techniques is MOST helpful when quantifying the potential loss impact of cyber risk?

Options:

A.

Cost-benefit analysis

B.

Penetration testing

C.

Business impact analysis (BIA)

D.

Security assessment

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Questions 9

Which of the following is the BEST way to identify changes to the risk landscape?

Options:

A.

Internal audit reports

B.

Access reviews

C.

Threat modeling

D.

Root cause analysis

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Questions 10

A web-based service provider with a low risk appetite for system outages is reviewing its current risk profile for online security. Which of the following observations would be MOST relevant to escalate to senior management?

Options:

A.

An increase in attempted distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks

B.

An increase in attempted website phishing attacks

C.

A decrease in achievement of service level agreements (SLAs)

D.

A decrease in remediated web security vulnerabilities

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Questions 11

Which of the following is the GREATEST benefit of centralizing IT systems?

Options:

A.

Risk reporting

B.

Risk classification

C.

Risk monitoring

D.

Risk identification

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Questions 12

Which of the following risk activities is BEST facilitated by enterprise architecture (EA)?

Options:

A.

Aligning business unit risk responses to organizational priorities

B.

Determining attack likelihood per business unit

C.

Adjusting business unit risk tolerances

D.

Customizing incident response plans for each business unit

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Questions 13

Which of the following is the MOST important success factor when introducing risk management in an organization?

Options:

A.

Implementing a risk register

B.

Defining a risk mitigation strategy and plan

C.

Assigning risk ownership

D.

Establishing executive management support

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Questions 14

Which of the following is the GREATEST risk associated with an environment that lacks documentation of the architecture?

Options:

A.

Unknown vulnerabilities

B.

Legacy technology systems

C.

Network isolation

D.

Overlapping threats

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Questions 15

Which of the following tools is MOST effective in identifying trends in the IT risk profile?

Options:

A.

Risk self-assessment

B.

Risk register

C.

Risk dashboard

D.

Risk map

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Questions 16

After several security incidents resulting in significant financial losses, IT management has decided to outsource the security function to a third party that provides 24/7 security operation services. Which risk response option has management implemented?

Options:

A.

Risk mitigation

B.

Risk avoidance

C.

Risk acceptance

D.

Risk transfer

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Questions 17

Which of the following would MOST likely cause management to unknowingly accept excessive risk?

Options:

A.

Satisfactory audit results

B.

Risk tolerance being set too low

C.

Inaccurate risk ratings

D.

Lack of preventive controls

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Questions 18

What is the PRIMARY reason an organization should include background checks on roles with elevated access to production as part of its hiring process?

Options:

A.

Reduce internal threats

B.

Reduce exposure to vulnerabilities

C.

Eliminate risk associated with personnel

D.

Ensure new hires have the required skills

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Questions 19

The operational risk associated with attacks on a web application should be owned by the individual in charge of:

Options:

A.

network operations.

B.

the cybersecurity function.

C.

application development.

D.

the business function.

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Questions 20

Which of the following is MOST important to communicate to senior management during the initial implementation of a risk management program?

Options:

A.

Regulatory compliance

B.

Risk ownership

C.

Best practices

D.

Desired risk level

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Questions 21

In order to determining a risk is under-controlled the risk practitioner will need to

Options:

A.

understand the risk tolerance

B.

monitor and evaluate IT performance

C.

identify risk management best practices

D.

determine the sufficiency of the IT risk budget

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Questions 22

An organization has procured a managed hosting service and just discovered the location is likely to be flooded every 20 years. Of the following, who should be notified of this new information FIRST.

Options:

A.

The risk owner who also owns the business service enabled by this infrastructure

B.

The data center manager who is also employed under the managed hosting services contract

C.

The site manager who is required to provide annual risk assessments under the contract

D.

The chief information officer (CIO) who is responsible for the hosted services

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Questions 23

Who is MOST likely to be responsible for the coordination between the IT risk strategy and the business risk strategy?

Options:

A.

Chief financial officer

B.

Information security director

C.

Internal audit director

D.

Chief information officer

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Questions 24

Which of the following approaches MOST effectively enables accountability for data protection?

Options:

A.

Establishing ownership for data within applications and systems

B.

Establishing discipline for policy violations by data owners

C.

Implementing data protection policies across the organization

D.

Conducting data protection awareness and training campaigns

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Questions 25

Which of the following techniques would be used during a risk assessment to demonstrate to stakeholders that all known alternatives were evaluated?

Options:

A.

Control chart

B.

Sensitivity analysis

C.

Trend analysis

D.

Decision tree

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Questions 26

Following a business continuity planning exercise, an organization decides to accept an identified risk associated with a critical business system. Which of the following should be done next?

Options:

A.

Document the decision-making process and considerations used

B.

Perform a business impact analysis (BIA) to assess the impact of the risk

C.

Develop a disaster recovery plan (DRP) and business continuity plan (BCP) to ensure resiliency

D.

Develop a control to reduce the level of the risk

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Questions 27

Which of the following BEST reduces the risk associated with the theft of a laptop containing sensitive information?

Options:

A.

Cable lock

B.

Data encryption

C.

Periodic backup

D.

Biometrics access control

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Questions 28

Which of the following is the MOST important reason to integrate IT risk management practices into the enterprise-wide operational risk management framework?

Options:

A.

To reduce conflicts of interest between IT and non-IT business units

B.

To align the operational risk management framework with regulatory requirements

C.

To optimize the efficiency of enterprise-wide risk management resources

D.

To ensure IT risk scenarios are reflected in the corporate risk profile

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Questions 29

Which of the following risk register updates is MOST important for senior management to review?

Options:

A.

Extending the date of a future action plan by two months

B.

Retiring a risk scenario no longer used

C.

Avoiding a risk that was previously accepted

D.

Changing a risk owner

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Questions 30

A compensating control is MOST appropriate when:

Options:

A.

Management wants to increase the number of controls.

B.

A vulnerability is identified.

C.

Existing controls are inadequate.

D.

A key control is already in place and operating effectively.

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Questions 31

When assessing the maturity level of an organization’s risk management framework, which of the following should be of GREATEST concern to a risk practitioner?

Options:

A.

Reliance on qualitative analysis methods.

B.

Lack of a governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) tool.

C.

Lack of senior management involvement.

D.

Use of multiple risk registers.

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Questions 32

An organization has made a decision to purchase a new IT system. During when phase of the system development life cycle (SDLC) will identified risk MOST likely lead to architecture and design trade-offs?

Options:

A.

Acquisition

B.

Implementation

C.

Initiation

D.

Operation and maintenance

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Questions 33

Which of the following is the PRIMARY consideration when determining the impact to an organization after the discovery of malware on an endpoint device?

Options:

A.

Asset criticality and sensitivity

B.

Currency of anti-malware signatures

C.

Availability of patches and security updates

D.

Currency of the incident response plan

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Questions 34

Which of the following is the BEST indication that an organization ' s IT asset life cycle is poorly managed?

Options:

A.

Increased hardware maintenance costs

B.

Sensitive data found on discarded devices

C.

Lack of asset labeling

D.

Inadequate employee training

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Questions 35

After undertaking a risk assessment of a production system, the MOST appropriate action is fcr the risk manager to

Options:

A.

recommend a program that minimizes the concerns of that production system.

B.

inform the process owner of the concerns and propose measures to reduce them.

C.

inform the IT manager of the concerns and propose measures to reduce them.

D.

inform the development team of the concerns and together formulate risk reduction measures.

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Questions 36

An organization ' s IT infrastructure is running end-of-life software that is not allowed without exception approval. Which of the following would provide the MOST helpful information to justify investing in updated software?

Options:

A.

The balanced scorecard

B.

A cost-benefit analysis

C.

The risk management frameworkD, A roadmap of IT strategic planning

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Questions 37

Which of the following BEST mitigates reputational risk associated with disinformation campaigns against an organization?

Options:

A.

Monitoring digital platforms that disseminate inaccurate or misleading news stories

B.

Engaging public relations personnel to debunk false stories and publications

C.

Restricting the use of social media on corporate networks during specific hours

D.

Providing awareness training to understand and manage these types of attacks

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Questions 38

Which of the following should be given the HIGHEST priority when developing a response plan for risk assessment results?

Options:

A.

Risk that has been untreated

B.

Items with a high inherent risk

C.

Items with the highest likelihood of occurrence

D.

Risk that exceeds risk appetite

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Questions 39

Which of the following process controls BEST mitigates the risk of an employee issuing fraudulent payments to a vendor?

Options:

A.

Performing credit verification of third-party vendors prior to payment

B.

Conducting system access reviews to ensure least privilege and appropriate access

C.

Performing regular reconciliation of payments to the check registers

D.

Enforcing segregation of duties between the vendor master file and invoicing

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Questions 40

Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason for monitoring activities performed in a production database environment?

Options:

A.

Ensuring that database changes are correctly applied

B.

Enforcing that changes are authorized

C.

Deterring illicit actions of database administrators

D.

Preventing system developers from accessing production data

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Questions 41

The PRIMARY reason to have risk owners assigned to entries in the risk register is to ensure:

Options:

A.

risk is treated appropriately

B.

mitigating actions are prioritized

C.

risk entries are regularly updated

D.

risk exposure is minimized.

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Questions 42

Which of the following is MOST important to consider when selecting risk indicators (KRIs)? The ability to:

Options:

A.

Monitor the performance of a process

B.

Assess the risk associated with risk scenarios

C.

Measure changes in the threat landscape

D.

Refine the organization’s risk appetite

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Questions 43

Which of the following should be done FIRST when developing a data protection management plan?

Options:

A.

Perform a cost-benefit analysis.

B.

Identify critical data.

C.

Establish a data inventory.

D.

Conduct a risk analysis.

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Questions 44

Which of the following is the BEST evidence of a well-defined risk event?

Options:

A.

Forensic investigations include chain-of-custody requirements

B.

Impact analyses include annual loss expectancy (ALE)

C.

Incident response plans include recovery time objectives (RTOs)

D.

Critical systems include key performance indicators (KPIs)

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Questions 45

Which stakeholder is MOST important to include when defining a risk profile during me selection process for a new third party application?

Options:

A.

The third-party risk manager

B.

The application vendor

C.

The business process owner

D.

The information security manager

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Questions 46

A risk practitioner is collaborating with key stakeholders to prioritize a large number of IT risk scenarios. Which scenarios should receive the PRIMARY focus?

Options:

A.

Scenarios with the highest number of open audit issues

B.

Scenarios with the highest frequency of incidents

C.

Scenarios with the largest budget allocation for risk mitigation

D.

Scenarios with the highest risk impact to the business

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Questions 47

Who is PRIMARILY accountable for identifying risk on a daily basis and ensuring adherence to the organization ' s policies?

Options:

A.

Third line of defense

B.

Line of defense subject matter experts

C.

Second line of defense

D.

First line of defense

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Questions 48

Which of the following would be of MOST concern to a risk practitioner reviewing risk action plans for documented IT risk scenarios?

Options:

A.

Individuals outside IT are managing action plans for the risk scenarios.

B.

Target dates for completion are missing from some action plans.

C.

Senior management approved multiple changes to several action plans.

D.

Many action plans were discontinued after senior management accepted the risk.

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Questions 49

An organization requires a third party for processing customer personal data. Which of the following is the BEST approach when sharing data over a public network?

Options:

A.

Include a nondisclosure agreement (NDA) for personal data in the contract.

B.

Implement a digital rights protection tool to monitor data.

C.

Use a virtual private network (VPN) to communicate data.

D.

Transfer a read-only version of the data.

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Questions 50

Which of the following is MOST important requirement to include in a Software as a Service (SaaS) vendor contract to ensure data is protected?

Options:

A.

The vendor must provide periodic independent assurance reports.

B.

The vendor must host data in a specific geographic location.

C.

The vendor must be held liable for regulatory fines for failure to protect data.

D.

The vendor must participate in an annual vendor performance review.

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Questions 51

Which of the following is the MOST important benefit of reporting risk assessment results to senior management?

Options:

A.

Promotion of a risk-aware culture

B.

Compilation of a comprehensive risk register

C.

Alignment of business activities

D.

Facilitation of risk-aware decision making

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Questions 52

Which of the following is the MOST effective control to ensure user access is maintained on a least-privilege basis?

Options:

A.

User authorization

B.

User recertification

C.

Change log review

D.

Access log monitoring

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Questions 53

Which of the following is the PRIMARY risk management responsibility of the second line in the three lines model?

Options:

A.

Applying risk treatments

B.

Implementing internal controls

C.

Monitoring risk responses

D.

Providing assurance of control effectiveness

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Questions 54

Which of the following would be the GREATEST challenge when implementing a corporate risk framework for a global organization?

Options:

A.

Privacy risk controls

B.

Business continuity

C.

Risk taxonomy

D.

Management support

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Questions 55

Which of the following would be MOST helpful to a risk practitioner when ensuring that mitigated risk remains within acceptable limits?

Options:

A.

Building an organizational risk profile after updating the risk register

B.

Ensuring risk owners participate in a periodic control testing process

C.

Designing a process for risk owners to periodically review identified risk

D.

Implementing a process for ongoing monitoring of control effectiveness

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Questions 56

Which of the following observations from a third-party service provider review would be of GREATEST concern to a risk practitioner?

Options:

A.

Service level agreements (SLAs) have not been met over the last quarter.

B.

The service contract is up for renewal in less than thirty days.

C.

Key third-party personnel have recently been replaced.

D.

Monthly service charges are significantly higher than industry norms.

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Questions 57

Which of the following is the MOST efficient method for monitoring control effectiveness?

Options:

A.

Conduct control self-assessments (CSAs)

B.

Review system performance logs

C.

Compare controls to business metrics

D.

Perform independent periodic control testing

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Questions 58

An organization has implemented a preventive control to lock user accounts after three unsuccessful login attempts. This practice has been proven to be unproductive, and a change in the control threshold value has been recommended. Who should authorize changing this threshold?

Options:

A.

Risk owner

B.

IT security manager

C.

IT system owner

D.

Control owner

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Questions 59

The annualized loss expectancy (ALE) method of risk analysis:

Options:

A.

helps in calculating the expected cost of controls

B.

uses qualitative risk rankings such as low. medium and high.

C.

can be used m a cost-benefit analysts

D.

can be used to determine the indirect business impact.

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Questions 60

Which of the following should a risk practitioner recommend FIRST when an increasing trend of risk events and subsequent losses has been identified?

Options:

A.

Conduct root cause analyses for risk events.

B.

Educate personnel on risk mitigation strategies.

C.

Integrate the risk event and incident management processes.

D.

Implement controls to prevent future risk events.

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Questions 61

The MOST essential content to include in an IT risk awareness program is how to:

Options:

A.

define the IT risk framework for the organization

B.

populate risk register entries and build a risk profile for management reporting

C.

comply with the organization ' s IT risk and information security policies

D.

prioritize IT-related actions by considering risk appetite and risk tolerance

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Questions 62

Which of the following is the MOST valuable data source to support the optimization of an existing key risk indicator (KRI)?

Options:

A.

Frameworks and standards

B.

Industry benchmarks

C.

Organizational policies

D.

Historical losses and incidents

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Questions 63

Which of the following is a risk practitioner ' s MOST important action to reduce the likelihood of internal fraud?

Options:

A.

Recommend fraud awareness training for staff

B.

Communicate legal consequences for internal fraud.

C.

Update the internal fraud risk likelihood in the risk register.

D.

Verify the effectiveness of separation of duties.

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Questions 64

Which of the following would be MOST helpful to an information security management team when allocating resources to mitigate exposures?

Options:

A.

Relevant risk case studies

B.

Internal audit findings

C.

Risk assessment results

D.

Penetration testing results

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Questions 65

Which of me following is MOST helpful to mitigate the risk associated with an application under development not meeting business objectives?

Options:

A.

Identifying tweets that may compromise enterprise architecture (EA)

B.

Including diverse Business scenarios in user acceptance testing (UAT)

C.

Performing risk assessments during the business case development stage

D.

Including key stakeholders in review of user requirements

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Questions 66

Recent changes in an organization ' s business strategy requires an application to increase its recovery point objective (RPO). Which of the following MUST be updated?

Options:

A.

IT inventory

B.

Business impact analysis (BIA)

C.

Risk register

D.

Configuration management database (CMDB)

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Questions 67

Which of the following is the BEST approach for selecting controls to minimize risk?

Options:

A.

Industry best practice review

B.

Risk assessment

C.

Cost-benefit analysis

D.

Control-effectiveness evaluation

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Questions 68

Which of the following is the BEST way to quantify the likelihood of risk materialization?

Options:

A.

Balanced scorecard

B.

Threat and vulnerability assessment

C.

Compliance assessments

D.

Business impact analysis (BIA)

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Questions 69

Which of the following is the PRIMARY objective of continuous monitoring?

Options:

A.

Optimizing utilization of personnel

B.

Detecting control errors in a timely manner

C.

Aligning operations with policies and procedures

D.

Minimizing the magnitude of loss from an event

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Questions 70

Which of the following is MOST important to ensure before using risk reports in decision making?

Options:

A.

Root cause analysis is included.

B.

Risk analysis results are validated.

C.

Real-time risk information is provided.

D.

Quantitative risk data is provided.

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Questions 71

After migrating a key financial system to a new provider, it was discovered that a developer could gain access to the production environment. Which of the following is the BEST way to mitigate the risk in this situation?

Options:

A.

Escalate the issue to the service provider.

B.

Re-certify the application access controls.

C.

Remove the developer ' s access.

D.

Review the results of pre-migration testing.

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Questions 72

Which of the following should be the PRIMARY input when designing IT controls?

Options:

A.

Benchmark of industry standards

B.

Internal and external risk reports

C.

Recommendations from IT risk experts

D.

Outcome of control self-assessments

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Questions 73

Real-time monitoring of security cameras implemented within a retail store is an example of which type of control?

Options:

A.

Preventive

B.

Deterrent

C.

Compensating

D.

Detective

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Questions 74

Which of the following controls would BEST reduce the likelihood of a successful network attack through social engineering?

Options:

A.

Automated controls

B.

Security awareness training

C.

Multifactor authentication

D.

Employee sanctions

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Questions 75

While reviewing the risk register, a risk practitioner notices that different business units have significant variances in inherent risk for the same risk scenario. Which of the following is the BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Update the risk register with the average of residual risk for both business units.

B.

Review the assumptions of both risk scenarios to determine whether the variance is reasonable.

C.

Update the risk register to ensure both risk scenarios have the highest residual risk.

D.

Request that both business units conduct another review of the risk.

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Questions 76

Which of the following is MOST important information to review when developing plans for using emerging technologies?

Options:

A.

Existing IT environment

B.

IT strategic plan

C.

Risk register

D.

Organizational strategic plan

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Questions 77

Which of the following is the MOST critical factor to consider when determining an organization ' s risk appetite?

Options:

A.

Fiscal management practices

B.

Business maturity

C.

Budget for implementing security

D.

Management culture

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Questions 78

Which of the following is the MOST important consideration for the board and senior leadership

regarding the organization ' s approach to risk management for emerging technologies?

Options:

A.

Ensuring the organization follows risk management industry best practices

B.

Ensuring IT risk scenarios are updated and include emerging technologies

C.

Ensuring the risk framework and policies are suitable for emerging technologies

D.

Ensuring threat intelligence services are used to gather data about emerging technologies

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Questions 79

An audit reveals that there are changes in the environment that are not reflected in the risk profile. Which of the following is the BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Review the risk identification process.

B.

Inform the risk scenario owners.

C.

Create a risk awareness communication plan.

D.

Update the risk register.

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Questions 80

When assessing the maturity level of an organization ' s risk management framework, which of the following deficiencies should be of GREATEST concern to a risk practitioner?

Options:

A.

Unclear organizational risk appetite

B.

Lack of senior management participation

C.

Use of highly customized control frameworks

D.

Reliance on qualitative analysis methods

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Questions 81

A risk practitioner has been asked to advise management on developing a log collection and correlation strategy. Which of the following should be the MOST important consideration when developing this strategy?

Options:

A.

Ensuring time synchronization of log sources.

B.

Ensuring the inclusion of external threat intelligence log sources.

C.

Ensuring the inclusion of all computing resources as log sources.

D.

Ensuring read-write access to all log sources

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Questions 82

A department has been granted an exception to bypass the existing approval process for purchase orders. The risk practitioner should verify the exception has been approved by which of the following?

Options:

A.

Internal audit

B.

Control owner

C.

Senior management

D.

Risk manager

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Questions 83

After identifying new risk events during a project, the project manager s NEXT step should be to:

Options:

A.

determine if the scenarios need 10 be accepted or responded to.

B.

record the scenarios into the risk register.

C.

continue with a qualitative risk analysis.

D.

continue with a quantitative risk analysis.

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Questions 84

Which of the following should be the MOST important consideration when performing a vendor risk assessment?

Options:

A.

Results of the last risk assessment of the vendor

B.

Inherent risk of the business process supported by the vendor

C.

Risk tolerance of the vendor

D.

Length of time since the last risk assessment of the vendor

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Questions 85

Following an acquisition, the acquiring company ' s risk practitioner has been asked to update the organization ' s IT risk profile What is the MOST important information to review from the acquired company to facilitate this task?

Options:

A.

Internal and external audit reports

B.

Risk disclosures in financial statements

C.

Risk assessment and risk register

D.

Business objectives and strategies

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Questions 86

An organization ' s decision to remain noncompliant with certain laws or regulations is MOST likely influenced by:

Options:

A.

The region in which the organization operates.

B.

Established business culture.

C.

Risk appetite set by senior management.

D.

Identified business process controls.

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Questions 87

An organization has completed a risk assessment of one of its service providers. Who should be accountable for ensuring that risk responses are implemented?

Options:

A.

IT risk practitioner

B.

Third -partf3ecurity team

C.

The relationship owner

D.

Legal representation of the business

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Questions 88

Who is MOST important lo include in the assessment of existing IT risk scenarios?

Options:

A.

Technology subject matter experts

B.

Business process owners

C.

Business users of IT systems

D.

Risk management consultants

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Questions 89

What is the BEST information to present to business control owners when justifying costs related to controls?

Options:

A.

Loss event frequency and magnitude

B.

The previous year ' s budget and actuals

C.

Industry benchmarks and standards

D.

Return on IT security-related investments

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Questions 90

A PRIMARY advantage of involving business management in evaluating and managing risk is that management:

Options:

A.

better understands the system architecture.

B.

is more objective than risk management.

C.

can balance technical and business risk.

D.

can make better-informed business decisions.

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Questions 91

From a data protection and regulatory compliance perspective, which of the following is the MOST important reason for a global organization to use immutable backups?

Options:

A.

Immutable backups can be used for data recovery testing.

B.

Data contains time stamps that indicate when it was backed up.

C.

Immutable backups enable effective disaster recovery response.

D.

Data cannot be tampered with through the use of encryption capabilities

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Questions 92

Which of the following is the MOST important reason to report on changes or trends related to an organization ' s IT risk profile?

Options:

A.

To benchmark against a risk management framework

B.

To predict external regulatory changes

C.

To adapt to emerging threats

D.

To reduce the cost of performing control activities

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Questions 93

Which risk analysis methodology uses diagrams to analyze causes and consequences of particular risk events?

Options:

A.

Failure mode and effects analysis

B.

Process and control mapping

C.

Monte Carlo simulation

D.

Fault tree analysis

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Questions 94

Which of the following is the MOST effective way to help ensure future risk levels do not exceed the organization ' s risk appetite?

Options:

A.

Developing contingency plans for key processes

B.

Implementing key performance indicators (KPIs)

C.

Adding risk triggers to entries in the risk register

D.

Establishing a series of key risk indicators (KRIs)

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Questions 95

Which of the following is MOST important to determine as a result of a risk assessment?

Options:

A.

Process ownership

B.

Risk appetite statement

C.

Risk tolerance levels

D.

Risk response options

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Questions 96

A risk practitioners PRIMARY focus when validating a risk response action plan should be that risk response:

Options:

A.

reduces risk to an acceptable level

B.

quantifies risk impact

C.

aligns with business strategy

D.

advances business objectives.

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Questions 97

When developing a risk awareness training program, which of the following is the BEST way to promote a risk-aware culture?

Options:

A.

Emphasize individual responsibility for managing risk.

B.

Communicate incident escalation procedures.

C.

Illustrate methods to identify threats and vulnerabilities.

D.

Challenge the effectiveness of business processes.

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Questions 98

An organization is considering the adoption of an aggressive business strategy to achieve desired growth From a risk management perspective what should the risk practitioner do NEXT?

Options:

A.

Identify new threats resorting from the new business strategy

B.

Update risk awareness training to reflect current levels of risk appetite and tolerance

C.

Inform the board of potential risk scenarios associated with aggressive business strategies

D.

Increase the scale for measuring impact due to threat materialization

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Questions 99

Which of the following changes would be reflected in an organization ' s risk profile after the failure of a critical patch implementation?

Options:

A.

Risk tolerance is decreased.

B.

Residual risk is increased.

C.

Inherent risk is increased.

D.

Risk appetite is decreased

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Questions 100

Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when multiple risk practitioners capture risk scenarios in a single risk register?

Options:

A.

Aligning risk ownership and control ownership

B.

Developing risk escalation and reporting procedures

C.

Maintaining up-to-date risk treatment plans

D.

Using a consistent method for risk assessment

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Questions 101

Which of the following is MOST important for a risk practitioner to consider when determining the control requirements for data privacy arising from emerging technologies?

Options:

A.

internal audit recommendations

B.

Laws and regulations

C.

Policies and procedures

D.

Standards and frameworks

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Questions 102

Which of the following should be the PRIMARY consideration when implementing controls for monitoring user activity logs?

Options:

A.

Ensuring availability of resources for log analysis

B.

Implementing log analysis tools to automate controls

C.

Ensuring the control is proportional to the risk

D.

Building correlations between logs collected from different sources

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Questions 103

Which of the following would be MOST useful to senior management when determining an appropriate risk response?

Options:

A.

A comparison of current risk levels with established tolerance

B.

A comparison of cost variance with defined response strategies

C.

A comparison of current risk levels with estimated inherent risk levels

D.

A comparison of accepted risk scenarios associated with regulatory compliance

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Questions 104

Which of the following observations should be of GREATEST concern to a risk practitioner assessing a third-party service provider for privacy risk?

Options:

A.

Appropriate privacy training and awareness campaigns are not conducted for employees

B.

The provider subcontracts part of the service to a fourth party

C.

Contractual language for handling personally identifiable information (PII) is not defined.

D.

The roles and responsibilities associated with data governance are not well defined

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Questions 105

Which of the following will BEST help an organization evaluate the control environment of several third-party vendors?

Options:

A.

Review vendors ' internal risk assessments covering key risk and controls.

B.

Obtain independent control reports from high-risk vendors.

C.

Review vendors performance metrics on quality and delivery of processes.

D.

Obtain vendor references from third parties.

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Questions 106

An organization recently experienced a cyber attack that resulted in the loss of confidential customer data. Which of the following is the risk practitioner ' s BEST recommendation after recovery steps have been completed?

Options:

A.

Develop new key risk indicators (KRIs).

B.

Perform a root cause analysis.

C.

Recommend the purchase of cyber insurance.

D.

Review the incident response plan.

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Questions 107

Which of the following is the MOST important foundational element of an effective three lines of defense model for an organization?

Options:

A.

A robust risk aggregation tool set

B.

Clearly defined roles and responsibilities

C.

A well-established risk management committee

D.

Well-documented and communicated escalation procedures

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Questions 108

Reviewing historical risk events is MOST useful for which of the following processes within the risk management life cycle?

Options:

A.

Risk monitoring

B.

Risk mitigation

C.

Risk aggregation

D.

Risk assessment

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Questions 109

Which key performance efficiency IKPI) BEST measures the effectiveness of an organization ' s disaster recovery program?

Options:

A.

Number of service level agreement (SLA) violations

B.

Percentage of recovery issues identified during the exercise

C.

Number of total systems recovered within tie recovery point objective (RPO)

D.

Percentage of critical systems recovered within tie recovery time objective (RTO)

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Questions 110

Which of the following is the BEST method for identifying vulnerabilities?

Options:

A.

Batch job failure monitoring

B.

Periodic network scanning

C.

Annual penetration testing

D.

Risk assessments

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Questions 111

Which of the following is the BEST metric to measure employee adherence to organizational security policies?

Options:

A.

Total number of security policy audit findings

B.

Total number of regulatory violations

C.

Total number of security policy exceptions

D.

Total number of opened phishing emails

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Questions 112

Which of the following is MOST important when discussing risk within an organization?

Options:

A.

Adopting a common risk taxonomy

B.

Using key performance indicators (KPIs)

C.

Creating a risk communication policy

D.

Using key risk indicators (KRIs)

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Questions 113

Which of the following should be done FIRST when developing an initial set of risk scenarios for an organization?

Options:

A.

Refer to industry standard scenarios.

B.

Use a top-down approach.

C.

Consider relevant business activities.

D.

Use a bottom-up approach.

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Questions 114

Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason to use key control indicators (KCIs) to evaluate control operating effectiveness?

Options:

A.

To measure business exposure to risk

B.

To identify control vulnerabilities

C.

To monitor the achievement of set objectives

D.

To raise awareness of operational issues

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Questions 115

Which of the following is the PRIMARY accountability for a control owner?

Options:

A.

Communicate risk to senior management.

B.

Own the associated risk the control is mitigating.

C.

Ensure the control operates effectively.

D.

Identify and assess control weaknesses.

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Questions 116

A risk practitioner has been asked to propose a risk acceptance framework for an organization. Which of the following is the MOST important consideration for the risk practitioner to address in the framework?

Options:

A.

Consistent forms to document risk acceptance rationales

B.

Acceptable scenarios to override risk appetite or tolerance thresholds

C.

Individuals or roles authorized to approve risk acceptance

D.

Communication protocols when a risk is accepted

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Questions 117

Which of the following is the PRIMARY responsibility of a control owner?

Options:

A.

To make risk-based decisions and own losses

B.

To ensure implemented controls mitigate risk

C.

To approve deviations from controls

D.

To design controls that will eliminate risk

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Questions 118

Which of the following is the BEST key performance indicator (KPI) to measure the effectiveness of an antivirus program?

Options:

A.

Percentage of IT assets with current malware definitions

B.

Number of false positives defected over a period of time

C.

Number of alerts generated by the anti-virus software

D.

Frequency of anti-vinjs software updates

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Questions 119

A risk practitioner is reviewing the status of an action plan to mitigate an emerging IT risk and finds the risk level has increased. The BEST course of action would be to:

Options:

A.

implement the planned controls and accept the remaining risk.

B.

suspend the current action plan in order to reassess the risk.

C.

revise the action plan to include additional mitigating controls.

D.

evaluate whether selected controls are still appropriate.

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Questions 120

Using key risk indicators (KRIs) to illustrate changes in the risk profile PRIMARILY helps to:

Options:

A.

communicate risk trends to stakeholders.

B.

assign ownership of emerging risk scenarios.

C.

highlight noncompliance with the risk policy

D.

identify threats to emerging technologies.

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Questions 121

A threat intelligence team has identified an indicator of compromise related to an advanced persistent threat (APT) actor. Which of the following is the risk practitioner ' s BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Review the most recent vulnerability scanning report.

B.

Determine the business criticality of the asset.

C.

Determine the adequacy of existing security controls.

D.

Review prior security incidents related to the asset.

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Questions 122

Which of the following is the BEST way to determine whether system settings are in alignment with control baselines?

Options:

A.

Configuration validation

B.

Control attestation

C.

Penetration testing

D.

Internal audit review

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Questions 123

Improvements in the design and implementation of a control will MOST likely result in an update to:

Options:

A.

inherent risk.

B.

residual risk.

C.

risk appetite

D.

risk tolerance

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Questions 124

Digital signatures are an effective control method for information exchange over an insecure network because they:

Options:

A.

authenticate the user biometrically.

B.

are under the sole custody of the receiver.

C.

are constant over time.

D.

enable nonrepudiation.

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Questions 125

A risk practitioner has been made aware of a problem in an IT system that was missed during a routine risk assessment. Which of the following is the practitioner ' s BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Record the problem as a new issue in the risk management system

B.

Record a new issue but backdate it to the original risk assessment date

C.

Report the vulnerability to the asset owner ' s manager

D.

Document the issue during the next risk assessment

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Questions 126

Reviewing results from which of the following is the BEST way to identify information systems control deficiencies?

Options:

A.

Vulnerability and threat analysis

B.

Control remediation planning

C.

User acceptance testing (UAT)

D.

Control self-assessment (CSA)

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Questions 127

An organization ' s IT team has proposed the adoption of cloud computing as a cost-saving measure for the business. Which of the following should be of GREATEST concern to the risk practitioner?

Options:

A.

Due diligence for the recommended cloud vendor has not been performed.

B.

The business can introduce new Software as a Service (SaaS) solutions without IT approval.

C.

The maintenance of IT infrastructure has been outsourced to an Infrastructure as a Service (laaS) provider.

D.

Architecture responsibilities may not be clearly defined.

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Questions 128

During the risk assessment of an organization that processes credit cards, a number of existing controls have been found to be ineffective and do not meet industry standards. The overall control environment may still be effective if:

Options:

A.

compensating controls are in place.

B.

a control mitigation plan is in place.

C.

risk management is effective.

D.

residual risk is accepted.

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Questions 129

The MAIN purpose of conducting a control self-assessment (CSA) is to:

Options:

A.

gain a better understanding of the control effectiveness in the organization

B.

gain a better understanding of the risk in the organization

C.

adjust the controls prior to an external audit

D.

reduce the dependency on external audits

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Questions 130

An organization is implementing internet of Things (loT) technology to control temperature and lighting in its headquarters. Which of the following should be of GREATEST concern?

Options:

A.

Insufficient network isolation

B.

impact on network performance

C.

insecure data transmission protocols

D.

Lack of interoperability between sensors

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Questions 131

Employees are repeatedly seen holding the door open for others, so that trailing employees do not have to stop and swipe their own ID badges. This behavior BEST represents:

Options:

A.

a threat.

B.

a vulnerability.

C.

an impact

D.

a control.

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Questions 132

Risk mitigation is MOST effective when which of the following is optimized?

Options:

A.

Operational risk

B.

Residual risk

C.

Inherent risk

D.

Regulatory risk

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Questions 133

An organization is outsourcing a key database to be hosted by an external service provider. Who is BEST suited to assess the impact of potential data loss?

Options:

A.

Database manager

B.

Public relations manager

C.

Data privacy manager

D.

Business manager

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Questions 134

Which of the following is the BEST way to detect zero-day malware on an end user ' s workstation?

Options:

A.

An antivirus program

B.

Database activity monitoring

C.

Firewall log monitoring

D.

File integrity monitoring

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Questions 135

Which of the following is MOST important for maintaining the effectiveness of an IT risk register?

Options:

A.

Removing entries from the register after the risk has been treated

B.

Recording and tracking the status of risk response plans within the register

C.

Communicating the register to key stakeholders

D.

Performing regular reviews and updates to the register

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Questions 136

When developing a risk awareness training program, which of the following training topics would BEST facilitate a thorough understanding of risk scenarios?

Options:

A.

Mapping threats to organizational objectives

B.

Reviewing past audits

C.

Analyzing key risk indicators (KRIs)

D.

Identifying potential sources of risk

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Questions 137

Which of the following is MOST important to consider when selecting and designing key control indicators (KCIs)?

Options:

A.

The KCI can establish a formal correlation with relevant KRIs

B.

The KCI can demonstrate whether the control objective has been met

C.

The KCI can be implemented within the allocated budget

D.

The KCI can be measured using quantitative methods

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Questions 138

Which of the following is the BEST way to incorporate continuous monitoring in IT risk policies?

Options:

A.

Standardize IT risk mitigation for better monitoring of IT risk.

B.

Define how risk thresholds are aligned with organizational objectives.

C.

Establish a cross-functional risk steering committee to oversee risk initiatives.

D.

Implement a governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) tool.

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Questions 139

Which of the following should be the risk practitioner s FIRST course of action when an organization has decided to expand into new product areas?

Options:

A.

Identify any new business objectives with stakeholders.

B.

Present a business case for new controls to stakeholders.

C.

Revise the organization ' s risk and control policy.

D.

Review existing risk scenarios with stakeholders.

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Questions 140

Which of the following is the BEST approach to mitigate the risk associated with outsourcing network management to an external vendor who will have access to sensitive information assets?

Options:

A.

Prepare a skills matrix to illustrate tasks and required expertise.

B.

Require periodic security assessments of the vendor within the contract.

C.

Perform due diligence to enable holistic assessment of the vendor.

D.

Plan a phased approach for the transition of processes to the vendor.

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Questions 141

When a risk practitioner is determining a system ' s criticality. it is MOST helpful to review the associated:

Options:

A.

process flow.

B.

business impact analysis (BIA).

C.

service level agreement (SLA).

D.

system architecture.

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Questions 142

A key risk indicator (KRI) indicates a reduction in the percentage of appropriately patched servers. Which of the following is the risk practitioner ' s BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Determine changes in the risk level.

B.

Outsource the vulnerability management process.

C.

Review the patch management process.

D.

Add agenda item to the next risk committee meeting.

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Questions 143

Which of the following BEST indicates that an organizations risk management program is effective?

Options:

A.

Fewer security incidents have been reported.

B.

The number of audit findings has decreased.

C.

Residual risk is reduced.

D.

inherent risk Is unchanged.

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Questions 144

What would be the MAIN concern associated with a decentralized IT function maintaining multiple risk registers?

Options:

A.

Risk treatment efforts within the IT function may overlap one another.

B.

Duplicate IT risk scenarios may be documented across the organization.

C.

Aggregate risk within the IT function may exceed the organization ' s appetite.

D.

Related IT risk scenarios in the IT function may be updated at different times.

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Questions 145

The BEST key performance indicator (KPI) to measure the effectiveness of a vendor risk management program is the percentage of:

Options:

A.

vendors providing risk assessments on time.

B.

vendor contracts reviewed in the past year.

C.

vendor risk mitigation action items completed on time.

D.

vendors that have reported control-related incidents.

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Questions 146

Implementing which of the following controls would BEST reduce the impact of a vulnerability that has been exploited?

Options:

A.

Detective control

B.

Deterrent control

C.

Preventive control

D.

Corrective control

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Questions 147

Which of the following would MOST likely lead to misaligned outcomes from enterprise architecture (EA)?

Options:

A.

Overreliance on third-party service providers.

B.

Incompatibility of EA artifacts with business objectives.

C.

Immature data reference model.

D.

Insufficient EA documentation of current state.

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Questions 148

Which of the following activities should only be performed by the third line of defense?

Options:

A.

Operating controls for risk mitigation

B.

Testing the effectiveness and efficiency of internal controls

C.

Providing assurance on risk management processes

D.

Recommending risk treatment options

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Questions 149

Key risk indicators (KRIs) BEST support risk treatment when they:

Options:

A.

Set performance expectations for controls.

B.

Align with key business objectives.

C.

Indicate that the risk is approaching predefined thresholds.

D.

Articulate likelihood and impact in quantitative terms.

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Questions 150

Which of the following is the BEST approach to resolve a disagreement between stakeholders regarding the impact of a potential risk scenario?

Options:

A.

Modify the risk scenario to address stakeholder concerns.

B.

Calculate the historical impact of risk occurring at industry peers.

C.

Identify data that could be used to help quantify the risk.

D.

Use the highest value of potential impact suggested by the stakeholders.

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Questions 151

Which of the following is MOST likely to be impacted when a global organization is required by law to implement a new data protection regulation across its operations?

Options:

A.

Risk ownership assignments

B.

Threat profile

C.

Vulnerability assessment results

D.

Risk profile

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Questions 152

A management team is on an aggressive mission to launch a new product to penetrate new markets and overlooks IT risk factors, threats, and vulnerabilities. This scenario BEST demonstrates an organization ' s risk:

Options:

A.

management.

B.

tolerance.

C.

culture.

D.

analysis.

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Questions 153

Which of the following is the PRIMARY purpose of a risk register?

Options:

A.

To assign control ownership of risk

B.

To provide a centralized view of risk

C.

To identify opportunities to transfer risk

D.

To mitigate organizational risk

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Questions 154

Which of the following should be the PRIMARY basis for establishing a priority sequence when restoring business processes after a disruption?

Options:

A.

Recovery Time Objective (RTO)

B.

Mean Time to Recover (MTTR)

C.

Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)

D.

Recovery Point Objective (RPO)

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Questions 155

Which of the following should be of GREATEST concern to a risk practitioner when determining the effectiveness of IT controls?

Options:

A.

Configuration updates do not follow formal change control.

B.

Operational staff perform control self-assessments.

C.

Controls are selected without a formal cost-benefit

D.

analysis-Management reviews security policies once every two years.

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Questions 156

Which of the following cloud service models is MOST appropriate for client organizations that want to maximize their control over management of the data life cycle?

Options:

A.

Data as a Service (DaaS)

B.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

C.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

D.

Software as a Service (SaaS)

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Questions 157

Which of the following provides The BEST information when determining whether to accept residual risk of a critical system to be implemented?

Options:

A.

Single loss expectancy (SLE)

B.

Cost of the information system

C.

Availability of additional compensating controls

D.

Potential business impacts are within acceptable levels

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Questions 158

When creating a program to manage data privacy risk, which of the following is MOST important to ensure that the program is successful?

Options:

A.

Compliance with industry frameworks

B.

Alignment with applicable legal and regulatory requirements

C.

Approval of mitigating and compensating controls

D.

Adoption of mission and vision statements

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Questions 159

Which of the following is the GREATEST benefit of involving business owners in risk scenario development?

Options:

A.

Business owners have the ability to effectively manage risk.

B.

Business owners have authority to approve control implementation.

C.

Business owners understand the residual risk of competitors.

D.

Business owners are able to assess the impact.

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Questions 160

Which of the following is MOST important to determine when assessing the potential risk exposure of a loss event involving personal data?

Options:

A.

The cost associated with incident response activitiesThe composition and number of records in the information asset

B.

The maximum levels of applicable regulatory fines

C.

The length of time between identification and containment of the incident

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Questions 161

Which of the following is the BEST method for assessing control effectiveness?

Options:

A.

Ad hoc control reporting

B.

Control self-assessment

C.

Continuous monitoring

D.

Predictive analytics

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Questions 162

A risk practitioner implemented a process to notify management of emergency changes that may not be approved. Which of the following is the BEST way to provide this information to management?

Options:

A.

Change logs

B.

Change management meeting minutes

C.

Key control indicators (KCIs)

D.

Key risk indicators (KRIs)

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Questions 163

Which of the following is the FIRST step in managing the security risk associated with wearable technology in the workplace?

Options:

A.

Identify the potential risk.

B.

Monitor employee usage.

C.

Assess the potential risk.

D.

Develop risk awareness training.

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Questions 164

Which of the following BEST mitigates the risk of violating privacy laws when transferring personal information lo a supplier?

Options:

A.

Encrypt the data while in transit lo the supplier

B.

Contractually obligate the supplier to follow privacy laws.

C.

Require independent audits of the supplier ' s control environment

D.

Utilize blockchain during the data transfer

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Questions 165

Which of the following is the MOST significant benefit of using quantitative risk analysis instead of qualitative risk analysis?

Options:

A.

Minimized time to completion

B.

Decreased structure

C.

Minimized subjectivity

D.

Decreased cost

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Questions 166

Which of the following is the GREATEST risk associated with inappropriate classification of data?

Options:

A.

Inaccurate record management data

B.

Inaccurate recovery time objectives (RTOs)

C.

Lack of accountability for data ownership

D.

Users having unauthorized access to data

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Questions 167

Which of the following is PRIMARILY responsible for providing assurance to the board of directors and senior management during the evaluation of a risk management program implementation?

Options:

A.

Risk management

B.

Business units

C.

External audit

D.

Internal audit

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Questions 168

The PRIMARY benefit of conducting continuous monitoring of access controls is the ability to identify:

Options:

A.

inconsistencies between security policies and procedures

B.

possible noncompliant activities that lead to data disclosure

C.

leading or lagging key risk indicators (KRIs)

D.

unknown threats to undermine existing access controls

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Questions 169

Which of the following is MOST helpful in preventing risk events from materializing?

Options:

A.

Prioritizing and tracking issues

B.

Establishing key risk indicators (KRIs)

C.

Reviewing and analyzing security incidents

D.

Maintaining the risk register

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Questions 170

Which of The following BEST represents the desired risk posture for an organization?

Options:

A.

Inherent risk is lower than risk tolerance.

B.

Operational risk is higher than risk tolerance.

C.

Accepted risk is higher than risk tolerance.

D.

Residual risk is lower than risk tolerance.

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Questions 171

A risk practitioner recently discovered that personal information from the production environment is required for testing purposes in non-production environments. Which of the following is the BEST recommendation to address this situation?

Options:

A.

Enable data encryption in the test environment.

B.

Prevent the use of production data in the test environment

C.

De-identify data before being transferred to the test environment.

D.

Enforce multi-factor authentication within the test environment.

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Questions 172

IT disaster recovery point objectives (RPOs) should be based on the:

Options:

A.

maximum tolerable downtime.

B.

maximum tolerable loss of data.

C.

need of each business unit.

D.

type of business.

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Questions 173

An organization is implementing Internet of Things (IoT) technology to control temperature and lighting in its headquarters. Which of the following should be of GREATEST concern?

Options:

A.

Insufficient network isolation

B.

Lack of interoperability between sensors

C.

Insecure data transmission protocols

D.

Impact on network performance

Buy Now
Questions 174

The PRIMARY reason to implement a formalized risk taxonomy is to:

Options:

A.

reduce subjectivity in risk management.

B.

comply with regulatory requirements.

C.

demonstrate best industry practice.

D.

improve visibility of overall risk exposure.

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Questions 175

The PRIMARY benefit associated with key risk indicators (KRls) is that they:

Options:

A.

help an organization identify emerging threats.

B.

benchmark the organization ' s risk profile.

C.

identify trends in the organization ' s vulnerabilities.

D.

enable ongoing monitoring of emerging risk.

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Questions 176

An organization has decided to use an external auditor to review the control environment of an outsourced service provider. The BEST control criteria to evaluate the provider would be based on:

Options:

A.

a recognized industry control framework

B.

guidance provided by the external auditor

C.

the service provider ' s existing controls

D.

The organization ' s specific control requirements

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Questions 177

When developing a new risk register, a risk practitioner should focus on which of the following risk management activities?

Options:

A.

Risk management strategy planning

B.

Risk monitoring and control

C.

Risk identification

D.

Risk response planning

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Questions 178

Which of the following is MOST helpful to review when assessing the risk exposure associated with ransomware?

Options:

A.

Potentially impacted business processes

B.

Recent changes in the environment

C.

Key performance indicators (KPIs)

D.

Suspected phishing events

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Questions 179

Which of the following criteria associated with key risk indicators (KRIs) BEST enables effective risk monitoring?

Options:

A.

Approval by senior management

B.

Low cost of development and maintenance

C.

Sensitivity to changes in risk levels

D.

Use of industry risk data sources

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Questions 180

Options:

A.

To gain stakeholder support for the implementation of controls

B.

To address multiple risk scenarios mitigated by technical controls

C.

To comply with industry best practices by balancing multiple types of controls

D.

To improve the effectiveness of controls that mitigate risk

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Questions 181

A penetration testing team discovered an ineffectively designed access control. Who is responsible for ensuring the control design gap is remediated?

Options:

A.

Control owner

B.

Risk owner

C.

IT security manager

D.

Control operator

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Questions 182

Which of the following would be considered a vulnerability?

Options:

A.

Delayed removal of employee access

B.

Authorized administrative access to HR files

C.

Corruption of files due to malware

D.

Server downtime due to a denial of service (DoS) attack

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Questions 183

Which risk response strategy could management apply to both positive and negative risk that has been identified?

Options:

A.

Transfer

B.

Accept

C.

Exploit

D.

Mitigate

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Questions 184

Which of the following BEST promotes commitment to controls?

Options:

A.

Assigning control ownership

B.

Assigning appropriate resources

C.

Assigning a quality control review

D.

Performing regular independent control reviews

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Questions 185

During an acquisition, which of the following would provide the MOST useful input to the parent company ' s risk practitioner when developing risk scenarios for the post-acquisition phase?

Options:

A.

Risk management framework adopted by each company

B.

Risk registers of both companies

C.

IT balanced scorecard of each company

D.

Most recent internal audit findings from both companies

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Questions 186

Which of the following is MOST important when defining controls?

Options:

A.

Identifying monitoring mechanisms

B.

Including them in the risk register

C.

Aligning them with business objectives

D.

Prototyping compensating controls

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Questions 187

The risk associated with inadvertent disclosure of database records from a public cloud service provider (CSP) would MOST effectively be reduced by:

Options:

A.

encrypting the data

B.

including a nondisclosure clause in the CSP contract

C.

assessing the data classification scheme

D.

reviewing CSP access privileges

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Questions 188

Which of the following is a risk practitioner ' s BEST recommendation to address an organization ' s need to secure multiple systems with limited IT resources?

Options:

A.

Apply available security patches.

B.

Schedule a penetration test.

C.

Conduct a business impact analysis (BIA)

D.

Perform a vulnerability analysis.

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Questions 189

IT risk assessments can BEST be used by management:

Options:

A.

for compliance with laws and regulations

B.

as a basis for cost-benefit analysis.

C.

as input for decision-making

D.

to measure organizational success.

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Questions 190

Which of the following would be the BEST key performance indicator (KPI) for monitoring the effectiveness of the IT asset management process?

Options:

A.

Percentage of unpatched IT assets

B.

Percentage of IT assets without ownership

C.

The number of IT assets securely disposed during the past year

D.

The number of IT assets procured during the previous month

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Questions 191

Which of the following is MOST important for a risk practitioner to review during an IT risk assessment?

Options:

A.

Published records of loss from peer organizations

B.

The organization ' s historical threats and monetary loss

C.

Information system assets and associated threats

D.

Information system control weaknesses and audit findings

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Questions 192

Which of the following is the MOST important reason to communicate risk assessments to senior management?

Options:

A.

To ensure actions can be taken to align assessment results to risk appetite

B.

To ensure key risk indicator (KRI) thresholds can be adjusted for tolerance

C.

To ensure awareness of risk and controls is shared with key decision makers

D.

To ensure the maturity of the assessment program can be validated

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Questions 193

Which of the following is the BEST key performance indicator (KPI) for a server patch management process?

Options:

A.

The percentage of servers with allowed patching exceptions

B.

The number of servers with local credentials to install patches

C.

The percentage of servers patched within required service level agreements

D.

The number of servers running the software patching service

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Questions 194

Which of the following is MOST important to enable well-informed cybersecurity risk decisions?

Options:

A.

Determine and understand the risk rating of scenarios.

B.

Conduct risk assessment peer reviews.

C.

Identify roles and responsibilities for security controls.

D.

Engage a third party to perform a risk assessment.

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Questions 195

Which of the following BEST indicates that an organization ' s risk management processes are mature?

Options:

A.

Risk policy is approved and communicated by the risk manager

B.

Annual risk awareness training is conducted by risk owners

C.

Risk principles are embedded within business operations and decisions

D.

The board regularly follows up on risk status and action plans

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Questions 196

The FIRST step for a startup company when developing a disaster recovery plan (DRP) should be to identify:

Options:

A.

Current vulnerabilities

B.

Recovery time objectives (RTOs)

C.

Critical business processes

D.

A suitable alternate site

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Questions 197

A monthly payment report is generated from the enterprise resource planning (ERP) software to validate data against the old and new payroll systems. What is the BEST way to mitigate the risk associated with data integrity loss in the new payroll system after data migration?

Options:

A.

Compare new system reports with functional requirements.

B.

Compare encrypted data with checksums.

C.

Compare results of user acceptance testing (UAT) with the testing criteria.

D.

Compare processing output from both systems using the previous month ' s data.

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Questions 198

Risk mitigation procedures should include:

Options:

A.

buying an insurance policy.

B.

acceptance of exposures

C.

deployment of counter measures.

D.

enterprise architecture implementation.

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Questions 199

Which of the following would be of GREATEST concern regarding an organization ' s asset management?

Options:

A.

Lack of a mature records management program

B.

Lack of a dedicated asset management team

C.

Decentralized asset lists

D.

Incomplete asset inventory

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Questions 200

Continuous monitoring of key risk indicators (KRIs) will:

Options:

A.

ensure that risk will not exceed the defined risk appetite of the organization.

B.

provide an early warning so that proactive action can be taken.

C.

provide a snapshot of the risk profile.

D.

ensure that risk tolerance and risk appetite are aligned.

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Questions 201

Which of the following provides the MOST reliable evidence of a control ' s effectiveness?

Options:

A.

A risk and control self-assessment

B.

Senior management ' s attestation

C.

A system-generated testing report

D.

detailed process walk-through

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Questions 202

Implementing which of the following will BEST help ensure that systems comply with an established baseline before deployment?

Options:

A.

Vulnerability scanning

B.

Continuous monitoring and alerting

C.

Configuration management

D.

Access controls and active logging

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Questions 203

A control owner identifies that the organization ' s shared drive contains personally identifiable information (Pll) that can be accessed by all personnel. Which of the following is the MOST effective risk response?

Options:

A.

Protect sensitive information with access controls.

B.

Implement a data loss prevention (DLP) solution.

C.

Re-communicate the data protection policy.

D.

Implement a data encryption solution.

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Questions 204

An organization is measuring the effectiveness of its change management program to reduce the number of unplanned production changes. Which of the following would be the BEST metric to determine if the program is performing as expected?

Options:

A.

Decrease in the time to move changes to production

B.

Ratio of emergency fixes to total changes

C.

Ratio of system changes to total changes

D.

Decrease in number of changes without a fallback plan

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Questions 205

Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason to ensure software engineers test patches before release to the production environment?

Options:

A.

To detect incompatibilities that might disrupt the operation

B.

To provide assurance that deployed patches have been properly authorized

C.

To understand how long it will take to deploy the patch

D.

To support availability by authorizing the release of the patch at the appropriate time

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Questions 206

Which of the following should be the HIGHEST priority when developing a risk response?

Options:

A.

The risk response addresses the risk with a holistic view.

B.

The risk response is based on a cost-benefit analysis.

C.

The risk response is accounted for in the budget.

D.

The risk response aligns with the organization ' s risk appetite.

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Questions 207

The MAIN purpose of reviewing a control after implementation is to validate that the control:

Options:

A.

operates as intended.

B.

is being monitored.

C.

meets regulatory requirements.

D.

operates efficiently.

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Questions 208

Who is the BEST person to the employee personal data?

Options:

A.

Human resources (HR) manager

B.

System administrator

C.

Data privacy manager

D.

Compliance manager

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Questions 209

Which of the following observations would be GREATEST concern to a risk practitioner reviewing the implementation status of management action plans?

Options:

A.

Management has not determined a final implementation date.

B.

Management has not completed an early mitigation milestone.

C.

Management has not secured resources for mitigation activities.

D.

Management has not begun the implementation.

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Questions 210

Which of the following is the PRIMARY objective of maintaining an information asset inventory?

Options:

A.

To provide input to business impact analyses (BIAs)

B.

To protect information assets

C.

To facilitate risk assessments

D.

To manage information asset licensing

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Questions 211

What is the MOST important consideration when selecting key performance indicators (KPIs) for control monitoring?

Options:

A.

Source information is acquired at stable cost.

B.

Source information is tailored by removing outliers.

C.

Source information is readily quantifiable.

D.

Source information is consistently available.

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Questions 212

Which of the following situations would BEST justify escalation to senior management?

Options:

A.

Residual risk exceeds acceptable limits.

B.

Residual risk is inadequately recorded.

C.

Residual risk remains after controls have been applied.

D.

Residual risk equals current risk.

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Questions 213

Which of the following IT controls is MOST useful in mitigating the risk associated with inaccurate data?

Options:

A.

Encrypted storage of data

B.

Links to source data

C.

Audit trails for updates and deletions

D.

Check totals on data records and data fields

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Questions 214

An insurance company handling sensitive and personal information from its customers receives a large volume of telephone requests and electronic communications daily. Which of the following

is MOST important to include in a risk awareness training session for the customer service department?

Options:

A.

Archiving sensitive information

B.

Understanding the incident management process

C.

Identifying social engineering attacks

D.

Understanding the importance of using a secure password

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Questions 215

Which of the following provides the MOST insight into an organization ' s IT threat exposure?

Options:

A.

Industry benchmarks

B.

Risk assessment reports

C.

External audit results

D.

Tabletop exercises

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Questions 216

An organization ' s recovery team is attempting to recover critical data backups following a major flood in its data center. However, key team members do not know exactly what steps should be taken to address this crisis. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this situation?

Options:

A.

Failure to test the disaster recovery plan (DRP)

B.

Lack of well-documented business impact analysis (BIA)

C.

Lack of annual updates to the disaster recovery plan (DRP)

D.

Significant changes in management personnel

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Questions 217

An IT license audit has revealed that there are several unlicensed copies of co be to:

Options:

A.

immediately uninstall the unlicensed software from the laptops

B.

centralize administration rights on laptops so that installations are controlled

C.

report the issue to management so appropriate action can be taken.

D.

procure the requisite licenses for the software to minimize business impact.

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Questions 218

The MAIN goal of the risk analysis process is to determine the:

Options:

A.

potential severity of impact

B.

frequency and magnitude of loss

C.

control deficiencies

D.

threats and vulnerabilities

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Questions 219

A systems interruption has been traced to a personal USB device plugged into the corporate network by an IT employee who bypassed internal control procedures. Of the following, who should be accountable?

Options:

A.

Business continuity manager (BCM)

B.

Human resources manager (HRM)

C.

Chief risk officer (CRO)

D.

Chief information officer (CIO)

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Questions 220

A global organization is considering the acquisition of a competitor. Senior management has requested a review of the overall risk profile from the targeted organization. Which of the following components of this review would provide the MOST useful information?

Options:

A.

Risk appetite statement

B.

Enterprise risk management framework

C.

Risk management policies

D.

Risk register

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Questions 221

Which type of cloud computing deployment provides the consumer the GREATEST degree of control over the environment?

Options:

A.

Community cloud

B.

Private cloud

C.

Hybrid cloud

D.

Public cloud

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Questions 222

Which of the following has the GREATEST impact on ensuring the alignment of the risk profile with business objectives?

Options:

A.

An effective enterprise-wide risk awareness program

B.

Senior management approval of risk appetite and tolerance

C.

Stage gate reviews throughout the risk management process

D.

Incorporation of industry best practice benchmarks and standards

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Questions 223

Which of the following BEST helps to mitigate risk associated with users inputting incorrect data into a system?

Options:

A.

Sequence check

B.

Tool tips

C.

User training

D.

Allowed values

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Questions 224

Which of the following is the MOST important information to cover a business continuity awareness Ira nine, program for all employees of the organization?

Options:

A.

Recovery time objectives (RTOs)

B.

Segregation of duties

C.

Communication plan

D.

Critical asset inventory

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Questions 225

Which of the following is the BEST course of action to help reduce the probability of an incident recurring?

Options:

A.

Perform a risk assessment.

B.

Perform root cause analysis.

C.

Initiate disciplinary action.

D.

Update the incident response plan.

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Questions 226

Which of the following could BEST detect an in-house developer inserting malicious functions into a web-based application?

Options:

A.

Segregation of duties

B.

Code review

C.

Change management

D.

Audit modules

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Questions 227

Which of the following is MOST helpful when prioritizing action plans for identified risk?

Options:

A.

Comparing risk rating against appetite

B.

Obtaining input from business units

C.

Determining cost of controls to mitigate risk

D.

Ranking the risk based on likelihood of occurrence

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Questions 228

Which of the following methods would BEST contribute to identifying obscure risk scenarios?

Options:

A.

Brainstorming sessions

B.

Control self-assessments

C.

Vulnerability analysis

D.

Monte Carlo analysis

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Questions 229

Which of the following BEST enables an organization to determine whether external emerging risk factors will impact the organization ' s risk profile?

Options:

A.

Control identification and mitigation

B.

Adoption of a compliance-based approach

C.

Prevention and detection techniques

D.

Scenario analysis and stress testing

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Questions 230

Which of the following is the MOST important reason for integrating IT risk management practices into enterprise risk management (ERM)?

Options:

A.

To reduce conflicts of interest between IT and business units

B.

To align ERM with regulatory requirements

C.

To optimize enterprise-wide resource efficiency

D.

To ensure IT risk scenarios are reflected in the corporate risk profile

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Questions 231

Which of the following is MOST helpful in identifying new risk exposures due to changes in the business environment?

Options:

A.

Standard operating procedures

B.

SWOT analysis

C.

Industry benchmarking

D.

Control gap analysis

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Questions 232

Which of the following would prompt changes in key risk indicator {KRI) thresholds?

Options:

A.

Changes to the risk register

B.

Changes in risk appetite or tolerance

C.

Modification to risk categories

D.

Knowledge of new and emerging threats

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Questions 233

Which of the following should be the FIRST consideration when establishing a new risk governance program?

Options:

A.

Developing an ongoing awareness and training program

B.

Creating policies and standards that are easy to comprehend

C.

Embedding risk management into the organization

D.

Completing annual risk assessments on critical resources

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Questions 234

Which of the following would be MOST important for a risk practitioner to provide to the internal audit department during the audit planning process?

Options:

A.

Closed management action plans from the previous audit

B.

Annual risk assessment results

C.

An updated vulnerability management report

D.

A list of identified generic risk scenarios

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Questions 235

Of the following, who should be responsible for determining the inherent risk rating of an application?

Options:

A.

Application owner

B.

Senior management

C.

Risk practitioner

D.

Business process owner

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Questions 236

While reviewing a contract of a cloud services vendor, it was discovered that the vendor refuses to accept liability for a sensitive data breach. Which of the following controls will BES reduce the risk associated with such a data breach?

Options:

A.

Ensuring the vendor does not know the encryption key

B.

Engaging a third party to validate operational controls

C.

Using the same cloud vendor as a competitor

D.

Using field-level encryption with a vendor supplied key

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Questions 237

Which of the following is MOST important for managing ethical risk?

Options:

A.

Involving senior management in resolving ethical disputes

B.

Developing metrics to trend reported ethics violations

C.

Identifying the ethical concerns of each stakeholder

D.

Establishing a code of conduct for employee behavior

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Questions 238

The MAIN reason for prioritizing IT risk responses is to enable an organization to:

Options:

A.

determine the risk appetite.

B.

determine the budget.

C.

define key performance indicators (KPIs).

D.

optimize resource utilization.

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Questions 239

Which of the following indicates an organization follows IT risk management best practice?

Options:

A.

The risk register template uses an industry standard.

B.

The risk register is regularly updated.

C.

All fields in the risk register have been completed.

D.

Controls are listed against risk entries in the register.

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Questions 240

Which of the following is MOST important to sustainable development of secure IT services?

Options:

A.

Security training for systems development staff

B.

\Well-documented business cases

C.

Security architecture principles

D.

Secure coding practices

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Questions 241

Which of the following has the MOST validity for conducting risk assessments?

Options:

A.

Internal control effectiveness measured through inference from external assessment

B.

Control effectiveness determined through subject matter expertise estimation

C.

Inferences of internal control effectiveness from peer reports

D.

Internal control effectiveness measured through direct testing

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Questions 242

Which organizational role should be accountable for ensuring information assets are appropriately classified?

Options:

A.

Data protection officer

B.

Chief information officer (CIO)

C.

Information asset custodian

D.

Information asset owner

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Questions 243

Which of the following BEST indicates that an organization has implemented IT performance requirements?

Options:

A.

Service level agreements(SLA)

B.

Vendor references

C.

Benchmarking data

D.

Accountability matrix

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Questions 244

Which of the following would offer the MOST insight with regard to an organization ' s risk culture?

Options:

A.

Risk management procedures

B.

Senior management interviews

C.

Benchmark analyses

D.

Risk management framework

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Questions 245

During a risk treatment plan review, a risk practitioner finds the approved risk action plan has not been completed However, there were other risk mitigation actions implemented. Which of the fallowing is the BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Review the cost-benefit of mitigating controls

B.

Mark the risk status as unresolved within the risk register

C.

Verify the sufficiency of mitigating controls with the risk owner

D.

Update the risk register with implemented mitigating actions

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Questions 246

A risk practitioner is asked to present the results of the most recent technology risk assessment to executive management in a concise manner. Which of the following is MOST important to include in the presentation?

Options:

A.

Residual risk levels

B.

Compensating controls

C.

Details of vulnerabilities

D.

Failed high-risk controls

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Questions 247

Which of the following is the GREATEST benefit of a three lines of defense structure?

Options:

A.

An effective risk culture that empowers employees to report risk

B.

Effective segregation of duties to prevent internal fraud

C.

Clear accountability for risk management processes

D.

Improved effectiveness and efficiency of business operations

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Questions 248

Which of the following is MOST effective in continuous risk management process improvement?

Options:

A.

Periodic assessments

B.

Change management

C.

Awareness training

D.

Policy updates

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Questions 249

Which of the following is the BEST indication of the effectiveness of a business continuity program?

Options:

A.

Business continuity tests are performed successfully and issues are addressed.

B.

Business impact analyses are reviewed and updated in a timely manner.

C.

Business continuity and disaster recovery plans are regularly updated.

D.

Business units are familiar with the business continuity plans and process.

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Questions 250

A risk assessment has identified that departments have installed their own WiFi access points on the enterprise network. Which of the following would be MOST important to include in a report to senior management?

Options:

A.

The network security policy

B.

Potential business impact

C.

The WiFi access point configuration

D.

Planned remediation actions

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Questions 251

Which of the following should be an element of the risk appetite of an organization?

Options:

A.

The effectiveness of compensating controls

B.

The enterprise ' s capacity to absorb loss

C.

The residual risk affected by preventive controls

D.

The amount of inherent risk considered appropriate

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Questions 252

Senior leadership has set guidelines for the integration of a new acquisition. The guidelines allow for a variation in the level of risk-taking. The variation indicates which of the following risk management concepts?

Options:

A.

Risk tolerance

B.

Risk appetite

C.

Risk sensitivity

D.

Risk velocity

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Questions 253

The design of procedures to prevent fraudulent transactions within an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system should be based on:

Options:

A.

stakeholder risk tolerance.

B.

benchmarking criteria.

C.

suppliers used by the organization.

D.

the control environment.

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Questions 254

Which of the following is the BEST course of action to reduce risk impact?

Options:

A.

Create an IT security policy.

B.

Implement corrective measures.

C.

Implement detective controls.

D.

Leverage existing technology

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Questions 255

What should a risk practitioner do FIRST when a shadow IT application is identified in a business owner ' s business impact analysis (BIA)?

Options:

A.

Include the application in the business continuity plan (BCP).

B.

Determine the business purpose of the application.

C.

Segregate the application from the network.

D.

Report the finding to management.

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Questions 256

Which of the following should be the PRIMARY driver for the prioritization of risk responses?

Options:

A.

Residual risk

B.

Risk appetite

C.

Mitigation cost

D.

Inherent risk

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Questions 257

Senior management has asked a risk practitioner to develop technical risk scenarios related to a recently developed enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. These scenarios will be owned by the system manager. Which of the following would be the BEST method to use when developing the scenarios?

Options:

A.

Cause-and-effect diagram

B.

Delphi technique

C.

Bottom-up approach

D.

Top-down approach

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Questions 258

A risk practitioner ' s BEST guidance to help an organization develop relevant risk scenarios is to ensure the scenarios are:

Options:

A.

Aligned with risk management capabilities.

B.

Based on industry trends.

C.

Related to probable events.

D.

Mapped to incident response plans.

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Questions 259

Which of the following is the PRIMARY benefit of using a risk map with stakeholders?

Options:

A.

Consolidates risk response options by severity

B.

Aligns risk appetite with business objectives

C.

Correlates risk scenarios to risk appetite

D.

Defines an organizational risk taxonomy

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Questions 260

To reduce the risk introduced when conducting penetration tests, the BEST mitigating control would be to:

Options:

A.

require the vendor to sign a nondisclosure agreement

B.

clearly define the project scope.

C.

perform background checks on the vendor.

D.

notify network administrators before testing

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Questions 261

A risk practitioner has been notified of a social engineering attack using artificial intelligence (AI) technology to impersonate senior management personnel. Which of the following would BEST mitigate the impact of such attacks?

Options:

A.

Subscription to data breach monitoring sites

B.

Suspension and takedown of malicious domains or accounts

C.

Increased monitoring of executive accounts

D.

Training and awareness of employees for increased vigilance

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Questions 262

An IT department originally planned to outsource the hosting of its data center at an overseas location to reduce operational expenses. After a risk assessment, the department has decided to keep the data center in-house. How should the risk treatment response be reflected in the risk register?

Options:

A.

Risk mitigation

B.

Risk avoidance

C.

Risk acceptance

D.

Risk transfer

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Questions 263

Which of the following is the BEST indicator of an effective IT security awareness program?

Options:

A.

Decreased success rate of internal phishing tests

B.

Decreased number of reported security incidents

C.

Number of disciplinary actions issued for security violations

D.

Number of employees that complete security training

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Questions 264

Which of We following is the MOST effective control to address the risk associated with compromising data privacy within the cloud?

Options:

A.

Establish baseline security configurations with the cloud service provider.

B.

Require the cloud prowler 10 disclose past data privacy breaches.

C.

Ensure the cloud service provider performs an annual risk assessment.

D.

Specify cloud service provider liability for data privacy breaches in the contract

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Questions 265

After undertaking a risk assessment of a production system, the MOST appropriate action is for the risk manager to:

Options:

A.

recommend a program that minimizes the concerns of that production system.

B.

inform the development team of the concerns, and together formulate risk reduction measures.

C.

inform the process owner of the concerns and propose measures to reduce them

D.

inform the IT manager of the concerns and propose measures to reduce them.

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Questions 266

Which of the following is MOST important when developing key risk indicators (KRIs)?

Options:

A.

Alignment with regulatory requirements

B.

Availability of qualitative data

C.

Properly set thresholds

D.

Alignment with industry benchmarks

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Questions 267

Which of the following provides the BEST evidence that a selected risk treatment plan is effective?

Options:

A.

Identifying key risk indicators (KRIs)

B.

Evaluating the return on investment (ROI)

C.

Evaluating the residual risk level

D.

Performing a cost-benefit analysis

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Questions 268

Which of the following is BEST measured by key control indicators (KCIs)?

Options:

A.

Historical trends of the organizational risk profile

B.

Cost efficiency of risk treatment plan projects

C.

Comprehensiveness of risk assessment procedures

D.

Effectiveness of organizational defense in depth

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Questions 269

Which of the following is the BEST way to estimate the impact of an inherent risk over the next year?

Options:

A.

Obtain input from organizational risk stakeholders.

B.

Leverage industry threat intelligence reports.

C.

Model and simulate historical impact.

D.

Review industry and emerging risk trends.

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Questions 270

Which of the following BEST assists in justifying an investment in automated controls?

Options:

A.

Cost-benefit analysis

B.

Alignment of investment with risk appetite

C.

Elimination of compensating controls

D.

Reduction in personnel costs

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Questions 271

During a risk assessment, a risk practitioner learns that an IT risk factor is adequately mitigated by compensating controls in an associated business process. Which of the following would enable the MOST effective management of the residual risk?

Options:

A.

Schedule periodic reviews of the compensating controls ' effectiveness.

B.

Report the use of compensating controls to senior management.

C.

Recommend additional IT controls to further reduce residual risk.

D.

Request that ownership of the compensating controls is reassigned to IT

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Questions 272

Which of the following would be a risk practitioner ' s BEST course of action when a project team has accepted a risk outside the established risk appetite?

Options:

A.

Reject the risk acceptance and require mitigating controls.

B.

Monitor the residual risk level of the accepted risk.

C.

Escalate the risk decision to the project sponsor for review.

D.

Document the risk decision in the project risk register.

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Questions 273

Which of the following would BEST help minimize the risk associated with social engineering threats?

Options:

A.

Enforcing employees’ sanctions

B.

Conducting phishing exercises

C.

Enforcing segregation of dunes

D.

Reviewing the organization ' s risk appetite

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Questions 274

A recent regulatory requirement has the potential to affect an organization ' s use of a third party to supply outsourced business services. Which of the following is the BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Conduct a gap analysis.

B.

Terminate the outsourcing agreement.

C.

Identify compensating controls.

D.

Transfer risk to the third party.

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Questions 275

Which of the following should be the PRIMARY focus of a disaster recovery management (DRM) framework and related processes?

Options:

A.

Restoring IT and cybersecurity operations

B.

Assessing the impact and probability of disaster scenarios

C.

Ensuring timely recovery of critical business operations

D.

Determining capacity for alternate sites

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Questions 276

A MAJOR advantage of using key risk indicators (KRIs) is that they:

Options:

A.

Identify scenarios that exceed defined risk appetite.

B.

Help with internal control assessments concerning risk appetite.

C.

Assess risk scenarios that exceed defined thresholds.

D.

Identify when risk exceeds defined thresholds.

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Questions 277

Which of the following would BEST help to address the risk associated with malicious outsiders modifying application data?

Options:

A.

Multi-factor authentication

B.

Role-based access controls

C.

Activation of control audits

D.

Acceptable use policies

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Questions 278

To minimize risk in a software development project, when is the BEST time to conduct a risk analysis?

Options:

A.

During the business requirement definitions phase

B.

Before periodic steering committee meetings

C.

At each stage of the development life cycle

D.

During the business case development

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Questions 279

A peer review of a risk assessment finds that a relevant threat community was not included. Mitigation of the risk will require substantial changes to a software application. Which of the following is the BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Ask the business to make a budget request to remediate the problem.

B.

Build a business case to remediate the fix.

C.

Research the types of attacks the threat can present.

D.

Determine the impact of the missing threat.

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Questions 280

Recovery the objectives (RTOs) should be based on

Options:

A.

minimum tolerable downtime

B.

minimum tolerable loss of data.

C.

maximum tolerable downtime.

D.

maximum tolerable loss of data

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Questions 281

The PRIMARY benefit of using a maturity model is that it helps to evaluate the:

Options:

A.

capability to implement new processes

B.

evolution of process improvements

C.

degree of compliance with policies and procedures

D.

control requirements.

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Questions 282

Which of the following provides the MOST comprehensive information when developing a risk profile for a system?

Options:

A.

Results of a business impact analysis (BIA)

B.

Risk assessment results

C.

A mapping of resources to business processes

D.

Key performance indicators (KPIs)

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Questions 283

Effective risk communication BEST benefits an organization by:

Options:

A.

helping personnel make better-informed decisions

B.

assisting the development of a risk register.

C.

improving the effectiveness of IT controls.

D.

increasing participation in the risk assessment process.

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Questions 284

An IT risk practitioner ' s report includes a treatment plan and projected risk ratings if recommendations are implemented. Once corrective actions are taken by the system owner, which of the following types of risk will the projected risk become?

Options:

A.

Control

B.

Inherent

C.

Residual

D.

Compliance

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Questions 285

An automobile manufacturer is considering implementing an Internet of Things (IoT) network to improve customer service by collecting customer and vehicle data. Which of the following would be the risk practitioner’s BEST recommendation?

Options:

A.

Establish secure design and coding practices for the IoT network and devices

B.

Conduct a pilot program before implementing the IoT network and devices

C.

Ensure backward compatibility of IoT devices with previous generations of vehicles

D.

Provide a range of IoT device options and configurations for customers

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Questions 286

The PRIMARY benefit of maintaining an up-to-date risk register is that it helps to:

Options:

A.

implement uniform controls for common risk scenarios.

B.

ensure business unit risk is uniformly distributed.

C.

build a risk profile for management review.

D.

quantify the organization ' s risk appetite.

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Questions 287

A contract associated with a cloud service provider MUST include:

Options:

A.

ownership of responsibilities.

B.

a business recovery plan.

C.

provision for source code escrow.

D.

the providers financial statements.

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Questions 288

Which of the following would BEST facilitate the implementation of data classification requirements?

Options:

A.

Implementing a data toss prevention (DLP) solution

B.

Assigning a data owner

C.

Scheduling periodic audits

D.

Implementing technical controls over the assets

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Questions 289

A Software as a Service (SaaS) company wants to use aggregated data from its clients to improve its services via a machine learning (ML) model. However, its contracts do not clearly allow this use of aggregated data. What should the organization do NEXT?

Options:

A.

Request formal consent from clients to use their data.

B.

Update the organization ' s privacy policy to reflect the use of aggregated data

C.

Request internal risk acceptance from senior management.

D.

Update the organization ' s data processing agreement template.

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Questions 290

Which of the following is the BEST key performance indicator (KPI) to measure the maturity of an organization ' s security incident handling process?

Options:

A.

The number of security incidents escalated to senior management

B.

The number of resolved security incidents

C.

The number of newly identified security incidents

D.

The number of recurring security incidents

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Questions 291

A large organization recently restructured the IT department and has decided to outsource certain functions. What action should the control owners in the IT department take?

Options:

A.

Conduct risk classification for associated IT controls.

B.

Determine whether risk responses still effectively address risk.

C.

Perform vulnerability and threat assessments.

D.

Analyze and update IT control assessments.

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Questions 292

Which of the following is the BEST Key control indicator KCO to monitor the effectiveness of patch management?

Options:

A.

Percentage of legacy servers out of support

B.

Percentage of severs receiving automata patches

C.

Number of unpremeditated vulnerabilities

D.

Number of intrusion attempts

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Questions 293

Which of the following presents the GREATEST risk associated with the deployment of AI tools within an organization?

Options:

A.

Incomplete rollback and contingency plans.

B.

Unapproved AI policy and framework.

C.

Lack of AI training for employees.

D.

Deficient third-party risk management program.

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Questions 294

Management has noticed storage costs have increased exponentially over the last 10 years because most users do not delete their emails. Which of the following can BEST alleviate this issue while not sacrificing security?

Options:

A.

Implementing record retention tools and techniques

B.

Establishing e-discovery and data loss prevention (DLP)

C.

Sending notifications when near storage quota

D.

Implementing a bring your own device 1BVOD) policy

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Questions 295

Which of the following will BEST support management repotting on risk?

Options:

A.

Risk policy requirements

B.

A risk register

C.

Control self-assessment

D.

Key performance Indicators

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Questions 296

An organization is planning to implement a Zero Trust model. From a cybersecunty perspective, which of the following is MOST important to ensure successful alignment with the overall inten Zero Trust?

Options:

A.

Access policies

B.

Industry benchmarks

C.

Network compatibility

D.

Encryption algorithms

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Questions 297

It is MOST important for a risk practitioner to have an awareness of an organization s processes in order to:

Options:

A.

perform a business impact analysis.

B.

identify potential sources of risk.

C.

establish risk guidelines.

D.

understand control design.

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Questions 298

Which of the following is MOST helpful to review when identifying risk scenarios associated with the adoption of Internet of Things (loT) technology in an organization?

Options:

A.

The business case for the use of loT

B.

The loT threat landscape

C.

Policy development for loT

D.

The network that loT devices can access

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Questions 299

An organization is reviewing a contract for a Software as a Service (SaaS) sales application with a 99.9% uptime service level agreement (SLA). Which of the following BEST describes ownership of availability risk?

Options:

A.

The risk is shared by both organizations.

B.

The liability for the risk is owned by the cloud provider.

C.

The risk is transferred to the cloud provider.

D.

The liability for the risk is owned by the sales department.

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Questions 300

A key performance indicator (KPI) has been established to monitor the number of software changes that fail and must be re-implemented. An increase in the KPI indicates an ineffective:

Options:

A.

corrective control.

B.

preventive control.

C.

administrative control.

D.

deterrent control.

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Questions 301

An organization is increasingly concerned about loss of sensitive data and asks the risk practitioner to assess the current risk level. Which of the following should the risk practitioner do FIRST?

Options:

A.

Review assignments of data ownership for key assets.

B.

Identify staff who have access to the organization’s sensitive data.

C.

Identify recent and historical incidents involving data loss.

D.

Review the organization ' s data inventory.

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Questions 302

The PRIMARY objective of the board of directors periodically reviewing the risk profile is to help ensure:

Options:

A.

the risk strategy is appropriate

B.

KRIs and KPIs are aligned

C.

performance of controls is adequate

D.

the risk monitoring process has been established

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Questions 303

The risk to an organization ' s reputation due to a recent cybersecurity breach is PRIMARILY considered to be:

Options:

A.

financial risk.

B.

data risk.

C.

operational risk.

D.

strategic risk.

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Questions 304

During a data loss incident, which role in the RACI chart would be aligned to the risk practitioner?

Options:

A.

Responsible

B.

Accountable

C.

Informed

D.

Consulted

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Questions 305

Which of the following is the PRIMARY role of a data custodian in the risk management process?

Options:

A.

Performing periodic data reviews according to policy

B.

Reporting and escalating data breaches to senior management

C.

Being accountable for control design

D.

Ensuring data is protected according to the classification

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Questions 306

Which of the following is MOST important to understand when determining an appropriate risk assessment approach?

Options:

A.

Complexity of the IT infrastructure

B.

Value of information assets

C.

Management culture

D.

Threats and vulnerabilities

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Questions 307

Which of the following is MOST important for an organization to have in place when developing a risk management framework?

Options:

A.

A strategic approach to risk including an established risk appetite

B.

A risk-based internal audit plan for the organization

C.

A control function within the risk management team

D.

An organization-wide risk awareness training program

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Questions 308

Which of the following BEST reduces the probability of laptop theft?

Options:

A.

Cable lock

B.

Acceptable use policy

C.

Data encryption

D.

Asset tag with GPS

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Questions 309

What is MOST important for the risk practitioner to understand when creating an initial IT risk register?

Options:

A.

Enterprise architecture (EA)

B.

Control environment

C.

IT objectives

D.

Organizational objectives

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Questions 310

Which of the following is the PRIMARY objective of engaging key stakeholders in the IT risk assessment process?

Options:

A.

Reducing the time required for risk analysis

B.

Increasing the quality of analysis

C.

Building a risk aware culture

D.

Ensuring proper budget allocation for risk remediation

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Questions 311

Which of the following is the MOST effective way to evaluate control implementation processes?

Options:

A.

Engage regular external audits.

B.

Determine if residual risk is within risk appetite.

C.

Interview users who detect and report issues

D.

Review trends in the number of exceptions.

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Questions 312

A highly regulated enterprise is developing a new risk management plan to specifically address legal and regulatory risk scenarios What should be done FIRST by IT governance to support this effort?

Options:

A.

Request a regulatory risk reporting methodology

B.

Require critical success factors (CSFs) for IT risks.

C.

Establish IT-specific compliance objectives

D.

Communicate IT key risk indicators (KRIs) and triggers

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Questions 313

Which of the following is the BEST key control indicator (KCI) for risk related to IT infrastructure failure?

Options:

A.

Number of times the recovery plan is reviewed

B.

Number of successful recovery plan tests

C.

Percentage of systems with outdated virus protection

D.

Percentage of employees who can work remotely

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Questions 314

Which of the following is the BEST key performance indicator (KPI) to measure the effectiveness of a disaster recovery test of critical business processes?

Options:

A.

Percentage of job failures identified and resolved during the recovery process

B.

Percentage of processes recovered within the recovery time and point objectives

C.

Number of current test plans and procedures

D.

Number of issues and action items resolved during the recovery test

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Questions 315

The BEST reason to classify IT assets during a risk assessment is to determine the:

Options:

A.

priority in the risk register.

B.

business process owner.

C.

enterprise risk profile.

D.

appropriate level of protection.

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Questions 316

Which of the following is a risk practitioner ' s BEST course of action when a control is not meeting agreed-upon performance criteria?

Options:

A.

Implement additional controls to further mitigate risk

B.

Review performance results with the control owner

C.

Redefine performance criteria based on control monitoring results

D.

Recommend a tool to meet the performance requirements

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Questions 317

Senior management is deciding whether to share confidential data with the organization ' s business partners. The BEST course of action for a risk practitioner would be to submit a report to senior management containing the:

Options:

A.

possible risk and suggested mitigation plans.

B.

design of controls to encrypt the data to be shared.

C.

project plan for classification of the data.

D.

summary of data protection and privacy legislation.

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Questions 318

Which of the following is the PRIMARY advantage of aligning generic risk scenarios with business objectives?

Options:

A.

It establishes where controls should be implemented.

B.

It ensures relevance to the organization.

C.

It quantifies the materiality of any losses that may occur.

D.

It provides better estimates of the impact of current threats.

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Questions 319

An organization has outsourced a critical process involving highly regulated data to a third party with servers located in a foreign country. Who is accountable for the confidentiality of this data?

Options:

A.

Third-party data custodian

B.

Data custodian

C.

Regional office executive

D.

Data owner

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Questions 320

Management has determined that it will take significant time to remediate exposures in the current IT control environment. Which of the following is the BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Implement control monitoring.

B.

Improve project management methodology.

C.

Reassess the risk periodically.

D.

Identify compensating controls.

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Questions 321

In addition to the risk exposure, which of the following is MOST important for senior management to understand prior to approving the use of artificial intelligence (Al) solutions?

Options:

A.

Potential benefits from use of Al solutions

B.

Monitoring techniques required for AI solutions

C.

Changes to existing infrastructure to support Al solutions

D.

Skills required to support Al solutions

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Questions 322

When presenting risk, the BEST method to ensure that the risk is measurable against the organization ' s risk appetite is through the use of a:

Options:

A.

risk map

B.

cause-and-effect diagram

C.

maturity model

D.

technology strategy plan.

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Questions 323

Which of the following is the PRIMARY objective of establishing an organization ' s risk tolerance and appetite?

Options:

A.

To align with board reporting requirements

B.

To assist management in decision making

C.

To create organization-wide risk awareness

D.

To minimize risk mitigation efforts

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Questions 324

An organization has updated its acceptable use policy to mitigate the risk of employees disclosing confidential information. Which of the following is the BEST way to reinforce the effectiveness of this policy?

Options:

A.

Communicate sanctions for policy violations to all staff.

B.

Obtain signed acceptance of the new policy from employees.

C.

Train all staff on relevant information security best practices.

D.

Implement data loss prevention (DLP) within the corporate network.

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Questions 325

A segregation of duties control was found to be ineffective because it did not account for all applicable functions when evaluating access. Who is responsible for ensuring the control is designed to effectively address risk?

Options:

A.

Risk manager

B.

Control owner

C.

Control tester

D.

Risk owner

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Questions 326

A user has contacted the risk practitioner regarding malware spreading laterally across the organization ' s corporate network. Which of the following is the risk practitioner’s BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Review all log files generated during the period of malicious activity.

B.

Perform a root cause analysis.

C.

Notify the cybersecurity incident response team.

D.

Update the risk register.

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Questions 327

Which of the following would BEST facilitate the maintenance of data classification requirements?

Options:

A.

Scheduling periodic audits

B.

Assigning a data custodian

C.

Implementing technical controls over the assets

D.

Establishing a data loss prevention (DLP) solution

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Questions 328

Which of the following is the GREATEST risk of relying on artificial intelligence (Al) within heuristic security systems?

Options:

A.

Al may result in less reliance on human intervention.

B.

Malicious activity may inadvertently be classified as normal during baselining.

C.

Risk assessments of heuristic security systems are more difficult.

D.

Predefined patterns of malicious activity may quickly become outdated.

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Questions 329

Who should be PRIMARILY responsible for establishing an organization ' s IT risk culture?

Options:

A.

Business process owner

B.

Executive management

C.

Risk management

D.

IT management

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Questions 330

When developing a response plan to address security incidents regarding sensitive data loss, it is MOST important

Options:

A.

revalidate current key risk indicators (KRIs).

B.

revise risk management procedures.

C.

review the data classification policy.

D.

revalidate existing risk scenarios.

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Questions 331

Which of the following is the BEST way to maintain a current list of organizational risk scenarios?

Options:

A.

Automate workflow for risk status updates.

B.

Perform regular reviews of key controls.

C.

Conduct periodic risk reviews with stakeholders.

D.

Conduct compliance reviews.

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Questions 332

Which of the following is the FIRST step when conducting a business impact analysis (BIA)?

Options:

A.

Creating a data classification scheme

B.

Identifying events impacting continuity of operations

C.

Analyzing previous risk assessment results

D.

Identifying critical information assets

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Questions 333

A third-party vendor has offered to perform user access provisioning and termination. Which of the following control accountabilities is BEST retained within the organization?

Options:

A.

Reviewing access control lists

B.

Authorizing user access requests

C.

Performing user access recertification

D.

Terminating inactive user access

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Questions 334

An organization has an approved bring your own device (BYOD) policy. Which of the following would BEST mitigate the security risk associated with the inappropriate use of enterprise applications on the devices?

Options:

A.

Periodically review application on BYOD devices

B.

Include BYOD in organizational awareness programs

C.

Implement BYOD mobile device management (MDM) controls.

D.

Enable a remote wee capability for BYOD devices

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Questions 335

A robotic process automation (RPA) project has implemented new robots to enhance the efficiency of a sales business process. Which of the following provides the BEST evidence that the new controls have been implemented successfully?

Options:

A.

A post-implementation review has been conducted by key personnel.

B.

A qualified independent party assessed the new controls as effective.

C.

Senior management has signed off on the design of the controls.

D.

Robots have operated without human interference on a daily basis.

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Questions 336

The analysis of which of the following will BEST help validate whether suspicious network activity is malicious?

Options:

A.

Logs and system events

B.

Intrusion detection system (IDS) rules

C.

Vulnerability assessment reports

D.

Penetration test reports

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Questions 337

A recent risk workshop has identified risk owners and responses for newly identified risk scenarios. Which of the following should be the risk practitioner ' s NEXT step?

Options:

A.

Develop a mechanism for monitoring residual risk.

B.

Update the risk register with the results.

C.

Prepare a business case for the response options.

D.

Identify resources for implementing responses.

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Questions 338

A risk practitioner is performing a risk assessment of recent external advancements in quantum computing. Which of the following would pose the GREATEST concern for the risk practitioner?

Options:

A.

The organization has incorporated blockchain technology in its operations.

B.

The organization has not reviewed its encryption standards.

C.

The organization has implemented heuristics on its network firewall.

D.

The organization has not adopted Infrastructure as a Service (laaS) for its operations.

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Questions 339

Which of the following risk register elements is MOST likely to be updated if the attack surface or exposure of an asset is reduced?

Options:

A.

Likelihood rating

B.

Control effectiveness

C.

Assessment approach

D.

Impact rating

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Questions 340

Before selecting a final risk response option for a given risk scenario, management should FIRST:

Options:

A.

determine control ownership.

B.

evaluate the risk response of similar sized organizations.

C.

evaluate the organization ' s ability to implement the solution.

D.

determine the remediation timeline.

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Questions 341

While reviewing an organization ' s monthly change management metrics, a risk practitioner notes that the number of emergency changes has increased substantially Which of the following would be the BEST approach for the risk practitioner to take?

Options:

A.

Temporarily suspend emergency changes.

B.

Document the control deficiency in the risk register.

C.

Conduct a root cause analysis.

D.

Continue monitoring change management metrics.

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Questions 342

When reporting on the performance of an organization ' s control environment including which of the following would BEST inform stakeholders risk decision-making?

Options:

A.

The audit plan for the upcoming period

B.

Spend to date on mitigating control implementation

C.

A report of deficiencies noted during controls testing

D.

A status report of control deployment

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Questions 343

The BEST way to obtain senior management support for investment in a control implementation would be to articulate the reduction in:

Options:

A.

detected incidents.

B.

residual risk.

C.

vulnerabilities.

D.

inherent risk.

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Questions 344

The BEST key performance indicator (KPI) to measure the effectiveness of a vulnerability remediation program is the number of:

Options:

A.

vulnerability scans.

B.

recurring vulnerabilities.

C.

vulnerabilities remediated,

D.

new vulnerabilities identified.

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Questions 345

A data privacy regulation has been revised to incorporate more stringent requirements for personal data protection. Which of the following provides the MOST important input to help ensure compliance with the revised regulation?

Options:

A.

Gap analysis

B.

Current control attestation

C.

Risk profile update

D.

Business impact analysis (BIA)

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Questions 346

A root because analysis indicates a major service disruption due to a lack of competency of newly hired IT system administrators Who should be accountable for resolving the situation?

Options:

A.

HR training director

B.

Business process owner

C.

HR recruitment manager

D.

Chief information officer (CIO)

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Questions 347

Which of the following would present the MOST significant risk to an organization when updating the incident response plan?

Options:

A.

Obsolete response documentation

B.

Increased stakeholder turnover

C.

Failure to audit third-party providers

D.

Undefined assignment of responsibility

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Questions 348

Which of the following is the BEST indicator of the effectiveness of a control?

Options:

A.

Scope of the control coverage

B.

The number of exceptions granted

C.

Number of steps necessary to operate process

D.

Number of control deviations detected

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Questions 349

Which of the following events is MOST likely to trigger the need to conduct a risk assessment?

Options:

A.

An incident resulting in data loss

B.

Changes in executive management

C.

Updates to the information security policy

D.

Introduction of a new product line

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Questions 350

IT management has deployed a major update to reduce the risk of system compromise. What is the BEST way to validate the effectiveness of this control?

Options:

A.

Conduct social engineering testing.

B.

Perform penetration testing.

C.

Run vulnerability scans.

D.

Review mean time to apply critical patches.

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Questions 351

Which of the following roles should be assigned accountability for monitoring risk levels?

Options:

A.

Risk practitioner

B.

Business manager

C.

Risk owner

D.

Control owner

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Questions 352

Which of the following is an IT business owner ' s BEST course of action following an unexpected increase in emergency changes?

Options:

A.

Evaluating the impact to control objectives

B.

Conducting a root cause analysis

C.

Validating the adequacy of current processes

D.

Reconfiguring the IT infrastructure

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Questions 353

Which of the following is the MOST important concern when assigning multiple risk owners for an identified risk?

Options:

A.

Accountability may not be clearly defined.

B.

Risk ratings may be inconsistently applied.

C.

Different risk taxonomies may be used.

D.

Mitigation efforts may be duplicated.

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Questions 354

The BEST way for an organization to ensure that servers are compliant to security policy is

to review:

Options:

A.

change logs.

B.

configuration settings.

C.

server access logs.

D.

anti-malware compliance.

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Questions 355

Within the system development life cycle (SDLC), controls should be specified during:

Options:

A.

project initiation

B.

business case development.

C.

system integration testing.

D.

requirements definition.

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Questions 356

Which of the following is the BEST way to validate whether controls to reduce user device vulnerabilities have been implemented according to management ' s action plan?

Options:

A.

Survey device owners.

B.

Rescan the user environment.

C.

Require annual end user policy acceptance.

D.

Review awareness training assessment results

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Questions 357

An organization operates in a jurisdiction where heavy fines are imposed for leakage of customer data. Which of the following provides the BEST input to assess the inherent risk impact?

Options:

A.

Number of customer records held

B.

Number of databases that host customer data

C.

Number of encrypted customer databases

D.

Number of staff members having access to customer data

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Questions 358

Of the following, who is accountable for ensuing the effectiveness of a control to mitigate risk?

Options:

A.

Control owner

B.

Risk manager

C.

Control operator

D.

Risk treatment owner

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Questions 359

Which of the following is MOST important for an organization that wants to reduce IT operational risk?

Options:

A.

Increasing senior management ' s understanding of IT operations

B.

Increasing the frequency of data backups

C.

Minimizing complexity of IT infrastructure

D.

Decentralizing IT infrastructure

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Questions 360

A technology company is developing a strategic artificial intelligence (Al)-driven application that has high potential business value. At what point should the enterprise risk profile be updated?

Options:

A.

After user acceptance testing (UAT)

B.

Upon approval of the business case

C.

When user stories are developed

D.

During post-implementation review

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Questions 361

Prudent business practice requires that risk appetite not exceed:

Options:

A.

inherent risk.

B.

risk tolerance.

C.

risk capacity.

D.

residual risk.

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Questions 362

Which of the following BEST indicates the effectiveness of anti-malware software?

Options:

A.

Number of staff hours lost due to malware attacks

B.

Number of downtime hours in business critical servers

C.

Number of patches made to anti-malware software

D.

Number of successful attacks by malicious software

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Questions 363

Which of the following is the BEST key performance indicator (KPI) to measure the ability to deliver uninterrupted IT services?

Options:

A.

Mean time between failures (MTBF)

B.

Mean time to recover (MTTR)

C.

Planned downtime

D.

Unplanned downtime

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Questions 364

An organization has outsourced its backup and recovery procedures to a third-party cloud provider. Which of the following should be the risk practitioner ' s NEXT course of action?

Options:

A.

Remove the associated risk from the register.

B.

Validate control effectiveness and update the risk register.

C.

Review the contract and service level agreements (SLAs).

D.

Obtain an assurance report from the third-party provider.

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Questions 365

Which of the following is MOST useful for measuring the existing risk management process against a desired state?

Options:

A.

Balanced scorecard

B.

Risk management framework

C.

Capability maturity model

D.

Risk scenario analysis

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Questions 366

Which of the following is the GREATEST risk associated with the misclassification of data?

Options:

A.

inadequate resource allocation

B.

Data disruption

C.

Unauthorized access

D.

Inadequate retention schedules

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Questions 367

Which of the following is the BEST criterion to determine whether higher residual risk ratings in the risk register should be accepted?

Options:

A.

Risk maturity

B.

Risk policy

C.

Risk appetite

D.

Risk culture

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Questions 368

Which of the following is the BEST way for a risk practitioner to help management prioritize risk response?

Options:

A.

Align business objectives to the risk profile.

B.

Assess risk against business objectives

C.

Implement an organization-specific risk taxonomy.

D.

Explain risk details to management.

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Questions 369

An organization moved its payroll system to a Software as a Service (SaaS) application. A new data privacy regulation stipulates that data can only be processed within the countrywhere it is collected. Which of the following should be done FIRST when addressing this situation?

Options:

A.

Analyze data protection methods.

B.

Understand data flows.

C.

Include a right-to-audit clause.

D.

Implement strong access controls.

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Questions 370

An application owner has specified the acceptable downtime in the event of an incident to be much lower than the actual time required for the response team to recover the application. Which of the following should be the NEXT course of action?

Options:

A.

Invoke the disaster recovery plan during an incident.

B.

Prepare a cost-benefit analysis of alternatives available

C.

Implement redundant infrastructure for the application.

D.

Reduce the recovery time by strengthening the response team.

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Questions 371

Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason that risk management is important in project management?

Options:

A.

It helps identify and mitigate potential issues that could derail projects.

B.

It helps to ensure project acceptance by end users.

C.

It reduces the risk associated with potential project scope creep.

D.

It facilitates agreement and collaboration on project goals among stakeholders.

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Questions 372

Which of the following should an organization perform to forecast the effects of a disaster?

Options:

A.

Develop a business impact analysis (BIA).

B.

Define recovery time objectives (RTO).

C.

Analyze capability maturity model gaps.

D.

Simulate a disaster recovery.

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Questions 373

In an organization with a mature risk management program, which of the following would provide the BEST evidence that the IT risk profile is up to date?

Options:

A.

Risk questionnaire

B.

Risk register

C.

Management assertion

D.

Compliance manual

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Questions 374

Which of the following would be a risk practitioner ' s GREATEST concern with the use of a vulnerability scanning tool?

Options:

A.

Increased time to remediate vulnerabilities

B.

Inaccurate reporting of results

C.

Increased number of vulnerabilities

D.

Network performance degradation

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Questions 375

The PRIMARY focus of an ongoing risk awareness program should be to:

Options:

A.

enable better risk-based decisions.

B.

define appropriate controls to mitigate risk.

C.

determine impact of risk scenarios.

D.

expand understanding of risk indicators.

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Questions 376

In the context of the three lines model, which of the following is responsible for providing assurance to senior management and the governing body through independent and objective reviews?

Options:

A.

Internal auditors

B.

Risk owners

C.

Regulators

D.

Risk management functions

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Questions 377

A department allows multiple users to perform maintenance on a system using a single set of credentials. A risk practitioner determined this practice to be high-risk. Which of the following is the MOST effective way to mitigate this risk?

Options:

A.

Single sign-on

B.

Audit trail review

C.

Multi-factor authentication

D.

Data encryption at rest

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Questions 378

Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when developing an organization ' s risk taxonomy?

Options:

A.

Leading industry frameworks

B.

Business context

C.

Regulatory requirements

D.

IT strategy

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Questions 379

Which of the following would be a weakness in procedures for controlling the migration of changes to production libraries?

Options:

A.

The programming project leader solely reviews test results before approving the transfer to production.

B.

Test and production programs are in distinct libraries.

C.

Only operations personnel are authorized to access production libraries.

D.

A synchronized migration of executable and source code from the test environment to the production environment is allowed.

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Questions 380

Which of the following is MOST likely to introduce risk for financial institutions that use blockchain?

Options:

A.

Cost of implementation

B.

Implementation of unproven applications

C.

Disruption to business processes

D.

Increase in attack surface area

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Questions 381

Which of the following BEST enables effective IT control implementation?

Options:

A.

Key risk indicators (KRIs)

B.

Documented procedures

C.

Information security policies

D.

Information security standards

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Questions 382

The MAIN purpose of a risk register is to:

Options:

A.

document the risk universe of the organization.

B.

promote an understanding of risk across the organization.

C.

enable well-informed risk management decisions.

D.

identify stakeholders associated with risk scenarios.

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Questions 383

Which of the following trends would cause the GREATEST concern regarding the effectiveness of an organization ' s user access control processes? An increase in the:

Options:

A.

ratio of disabled to active user accounts.

B.

percentage of users with multiple user accounts.

C.

average number of access entitlements per user account.

D.

average time between user transfers and access updates.

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Questions 384

Which of the following is the GREATEST benefit of identifying appropriate risk owners?

Options:

A.

Accountability is established for risk treatment decisions

B.

Stakeholders are consulted about risk treatment options

C.

Risk owners are informed of risk treatment options

D.

Responsibility is established for risk treatment decisions.

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Questions 385

Which of the following is the PRIMARY objective of providing an aggregated view of IT risk to business management?

Options:

A.

To enable consistent data on risk to be obtained

B.

To allow for proper review of risk tolerance

C.

To identify dependencies for reporting risk

D.

To provide consistent and clear terminology

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Questions 386

Which of the following is the BEST course of action when an organization wants to reduce likelihood in order to reduce a risk level?

Options:

A.

Monitor risk controls.

B.

Implement preventive measures.

C.

Implement detective controls.

D.

Transfer the risk.

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Questions 387

A penetration test reveals several vulnerabilities in a web-facing application. Which of the following should be the FIRST step in selecting a risk response?

Options:

A.

Correct the vulnerabilities to mitigate potential risk exposure.

B.

Develop a risk response action plan with key stakeholders.

C.

Assess the level of risk associated with the vulnerabilities.

D.

Communicate the vulnerabilities to the risk owner.

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Questions 388

The BEST way to mitigate the high cost of retrieving electronic evidence associated with potential litigation is to implement policies and procedures for:

Options:

A.

data classification and labeling.

B.

data logging and monitoring.

C.

data retention and destruction.

D.

data mining and analytics.

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Questions 389

What is the PRIMARY reason to periodically review key performance indicators (KPIs)?

Options:

A.

Ensure compliance.

B.

Identify trends.

C.

Promote a risk-aware culture.

D.

Optimize resources needed for controls

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Questions 390

Which of the following is MOST important for developing effective key risk indicators (KRIs)?

Options:

A.

Engaging sponsorship by senior management

B.

Utilizing data and resources internal to the organization

C.

Including input from risk and business unit management

D.

Developing in collaboration with internal audit

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Questions 391

A hospital recently implemented a new technology to allow virtual patient appointments. Which of the following should be the risk practitioner ' s FIRST course of action?

Options:

A.

Reassess the risk profile.

B.

Modify the risk taxonomy.

C.

Increase the risk tolerance.

D.

Review the risk culture.

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Questions 392

During implementation of an intrusion detection system (IDS) to monitor network traffic, a high number of alerts is reported. The risk practitioner should recommend to:

Options:

A.

reset the alert threshold based on peak traffic

B.

analyze the traffic to minimize the false negatives

C.

analyze the alerts to minimize the false positives

D.

sniff the traffic using a network analyzer

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Questions 393

Which of the following will BEST help in communicating strategic risk priorities?

Options:

A.

Heat map

B.

Business impact analysis (BIA)

C.

Balanced Scorecard

D.

Risk register

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Questions 394

Which of the following methods is the BEST way to measure the effectiveness of automated information security controls prior to going live?

Options:

A.

Testing in a non-production environment

B.

Performing a security control review

C.

Reviewing the security audit report

D.

Conducting a risk assessment

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Questions 395

An organization ' s risk tolerance should be defined and approved by which of the following?

Options:

A.

The chief risk officer (CRO)

B.

The board of directors

C.

The chief executive officer (CEO)

D.

The chief information officer (CIO)

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Questions 396

An organization is developing a plan to address new information security risks emerging from business changes. Which of the following BEST enables stakeholders to make decisions impacting organizational strategy?

Options:

A.

The impact of the new risk is clearly presented

B.

Benchmarking information is provided

C.

Technical expertise to address new risk scenarios is available

D.

The cost of implementing the strategy is within budget

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Questions 397

An organization recently implemented new technologies that enable the use of robotic process automation. Which of the following is MOST important to reassess?

Options:

A.

Risk profile

B.

Risk tolerance

C.

Risk capacity

D.

Risk appetite

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Questions 398

Which of the following is the MOST effective way to reduce potential losses due to ongoing expense fraud?

Options:

A.

Implement user access controls

B.

Perform regular internal audits

C.

Develop and communicate fraud prevention policies

D.

Conduct fraud prevention awareness training.

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Questions 399

Which of the following approaches BEST identifies information systems control deficiencies?

Options:

A.

Countermeasures analysis

B.

Best practice assessment

C.

Gap analysis

D.

Risk assessment

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Questions 400

How does an organization benefit by purchasing cyber theft insurance?

Options:

A.

It decreases the amount of organizational loss if risk events occur.

B.

It justifies the acceptance of risk associated with cyber theft events.

C.

It transfers risk ownership along with associated liabilities to a third party.

D.

It decreases the likelihood of risk events occurring.

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Questions 401

Which of the following should be initiated when a high number of noncompliant conditions are observed during review of a control procedure?

Options:

A.

Disciplinary action

B.

A control self-assessment

C.

A review of the awareness program

D.

Root cause analysis

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Questions 402

Which of the following would BEST enable mitigation of newly identified risk factors related to internet of Things (loT)?

Options:

A.

Introducing control procedures early in the life cycle

B.

Implementing loT device software monitoring

C.

Performing periodic risk assessments of loT

D.

Performing secure code reviews

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Questions 403

Which of the following presents the GREATEST concern associated with the

use of artificial intelligence (Al) systems?

Options:

A.

Al systems need to be available continuously.

B.

Al systems can be affected by bias.

C.

Al systems are expensive to maintain.

D.

Al systems can provide false positives.

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Questions 404

Which of the following would provide the MOST useful information for communicating an organization’s risk level to senior management?

Options:

A.

A list of organizational threats

B.

A high-level risk map

C.

Specialized risk publications

D.

A list of organizational vulnerabilities

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Questions 405

An organization is revising its IT security policy. Which of the following should be done FIRST to help ensure the policy is followed?

Options:

A.

Develop a policy socialization and awareness strategy.

B.

Implement technical controls to monitor for policy violations.

C.

Benchmark the policy against industry peers.

D.

Perform a gap analysis of the old and new policy.

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Questions 406

Which of the following is MOST critical when designing controls?

Options:

A.

Involvement of internal audit

B.

Involvement of process owner

C.

Quantitative impact of the risk

D.

Identification of key risk indicators

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Questions 407

Which of the following will BEST communicate the importance of risk mitigation initiatives to senior management?

Options:

A.

Business case

B.

Balanced scorecard

C.

Industry standards

D.

Heat map

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Questions 408

Which of the following will BEST help ensure that risk factors identified during an information systems review are addressed?

Options:

A.

Informing business process owners of the risk

B.

Reviewing and updating the risk register

C.

Assigning action items and deadlines to specific individuals

D.

Implementing new control technologies

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Questions 409

Automated code reviews to reduce the risk associated with web applications are MOST effective when performed:

Options:

A.

throughout development

B.

during pre-production testing

C.

in the design phase

D.

once in the production environment

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Questions 410

Which of the following is the MOST important information to cover in a business continuity awareness training program for all employees of the organization?

Options:

A.

Recovery time objectives (RTOs)

B.

Communication plan

C.

Critical asset inventory

D.

Separation of duties

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Questions 411

Options:

A.

Accept the residual risk due to the low likelihood of occurrence.

B.

Implement additional mitigation measures.

C.

Determine whether residual risk is within risk appetite.

D.

Adopt a new risk assessment method to avoid the residual risk.

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Questions 412

An organization is adopting block chain for a new financial system. Which of the following should be the GREATEST concern for a risk practitioner evaluating the system ' s production readiness?

Options:

A.

Limited organizational knowledge of the underlying technology

B.

Lack of commercial software support

C.

Varying costs related to implementation and maintenance

D.

Slow adoption of the technology across the financial industry

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Questions 413

Prior to selecting key performance indicators (KPIs), itis MOST important to ensure:

Options:

A.

trending data is available.

B.

process flowcharts are current.

C.

measurement objectives are defined.

D.

data collection technology is available.

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Questions 414

Which of the following is the BEST metric to measure the effectiveness of an organization ' s disaster recovery program?

Options:

A.

Percentage of applications subject to disaster recovery tests

B.

Number of personnel dedicated to the disaster recovery program

C.

Number of disaster recovery tests performed per year

D.

Percentage of systems meeting defined recovery objectives

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Questions 415

A risk owner should be the person accountable for:

Options:

A.

the risk management process

B.

managing controls.

C.

implementing actions.

D.

the business process.

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Questions 416

Which of the following is the BEST indicator of executive management ' s support for IT risk mitigation efforts?

Options:

A.

The number of stakeholders involved in IT risk identification workshops

B.

The percentage of corporate budget allocated to IT risk activities

C.

The percentage of incidents presented to the board

D.

The number of executives attending IT security awareness training

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Questions 417

An organization has raised the risk appetite for technology risk. The MOST likely result would be:

Options:

A.

increased inherent risk.

B.

higher risk management cost

C.

decreased residual risk.

D.

lower risk management cost.

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Questions 418

Which of the following is MOST helpful to facilitate the decision of recovery priorities in a disaster situation?

Options:

A.

Business Impact Analysis (BIA)

B.

Key Risk Indicators (KRIs)

C.

Recovery Point Objective (RPO)

D.

Risk Scenario Analysis

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Questions 419

Which of the following is the BEST approach for determining whether a risk action plan is effective?

Options:

A.

Comparing the remediation cost against budget

B.

Assessing changes in residual risk

C.

Assessing the inherent risk

D.

Monitoring changes of key performance indicators(KPIs)

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Questions 420

An organization has identified a risk exposure due to weak technical controls in a newly implemented HR system. The risk practitioner is documenting the risk in the risk register. The risk should be owned by the:

Options:

A.

chief risk officer.

B.

project manager.

C.

chief information officer.

D.

business process owner.

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Questions 421

The purpose of requiring source code escrow in a contractual agreement is to:

Options:

A.

ensure that the source code is valid and exists.

B.

ensure that the source code is available if the vendor ceases to exist.

C.

review the source code for adequacy of controls.

D.

ensure the source code is available when bugs occur.

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Questions 422

An organization has adopted an emerging technology without following proper processes. Which of the following is the risk practitioner ' s BEST course of action to address this risk?

Options:

A.

Accept the risk because the technology has already been adopted.

B.

Propose a transfer of risk to a third party with subsequent monitoring.

C.

Conduct a risk assessment to determine risk exposure.

D.

Recommend to senior management to decommission the technology.

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Questions 423

Which of the following is the MOST important objective of embedding risk management practices into the initiation phase of the project management life cycle?

Options:

A.

To deliver projects on time and on budget

B.

To assess inherent risk

C.

To include project risk in the enterprise-wide IT risk profit.

D.

To assess risk throughout the project

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Questions 424

The MOST important measure of the effectiveness of risk management in project implementation is the percentage of projects:

Options:

A.

introduced into production without high-risk issues.

B.

having the risk register updated regularly.

C.

having key risk indicators (KRIs) established to measure risk.

D.

having an action plan to remediate overdue issues.

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Questions 425

Which of the following would be the MOST critical issue related to the cooling system of a data center?

Options:

A.

Lack of remote security monitoring.

B.

Expired equipment warranty.

C.

Inadequate maintenance documentation.

D.

Lack of humidity control.

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Questions 426

Which of the following shortcomings of perimeter security does Zero Trust aim to resolve?

Options:

A.

Lack of access verification for systems on the internal network

B.

Identification and authentication failures for users

C.

Poorly configured firewall rules introducing security breaches

D.

Ineffective load balancing on network devices

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Questions 427

An online retailer has decided to store its customer database with a cloud provider in an Infrastructure as a Service (laaS) configuration. During an initial review of preliminary risk scenarios, a risk practitioner identifies instances where sensitive customer information is stored unencrypted. Who is accountable for ensuring this encryption?

Options:

A.

The cloud provider

B.

The retailer ' s IT department

C.

The chief information officer (CIO)

D.

The data owner

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Questions 428

An organization is subject to a new regulation that requires nearly real-time recovery of its services following a disruption. Which of the following is the BEST way to manage the risk in this situation?

Options:

A.

Move redundant IT infrastructure to a closer location.

B.

Obtain insurance and ensure sufficient funds are available for disaster recovery.

C.

Review the business continuity plan (BCP) and align it with the new business needs.

D.

Outsource disaster recovery services to a third-party IT service provider.

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Questions 429

Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason for conducting peer reviews of risk analysis?

Options:

A.

To enhance compliance with standards

B.

To minimize subjectivity of assessments

C.

To increase consensus among peers

D.

To provide assessments for benchmarking

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Questions 430

Which of the following is a risk practitioner ' s BEST course of action upon learning that regulatory authorities have concerns with an emerging technology the organization is considering?

Options:

A.

Redesign key risk indicators (KRIs).

B.

Update risk responses.

C.

Conduct a SWOT analysis.

D.

Perform a threat assessment.

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Questions 431

Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when developing risk strategies?

Options:

A.

Organization ' s industry sector

B.

Long-term organizational goals

C.

Concerns of the business process owners

D.

History of risk events

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Questions 432

The FIRST task when developing a business continuity plan should be to:

Options:

A.

determine data backup and recovery availability at an alternate site.

B.

identify critical business functions and resources.

C.

define roles and responsibilities for implementation.

D.

identify recovery time objectives (RTOs) for critical business applications.

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Questions 433

During which phase of the system development life cycle (SDLC) should information security requirements for the implementation of a new IT system be defined?

Options:

A.

Monitoring

B.

Development

C.

Implementation

D.

Initiation

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Questions 434

Which of the following is the BEST method to ensure a terminated employee ' s access to IT systems is revoked upon departure from the organization?

Options:

A.

Login attempts are reconciled to a list of terminated employees.

B.

A list of terminated employees is generated for reconciliation against current IT access.

C.

A process to remove employee access during the exit interview is implemented.

D.

The human resources (HR) system automatically revokes system access.

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Questions 435

The MAIN purpose of having a documented risk profile is to:

Options:

A.

comply with external and internal requirements.

B.

enable well-informed decision making.

C.

prioritize investment projects.

D.

keep the risk register up-to-date.

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Questions 436

Which of the following provides The MOST useful information when determining a risk management program ' s maturity level?

Options:

A.

Risk assessment results

B.

A recently reviewed risk register

C.

Key performance indicators (KPIs)

D.

The organization ' s risk framework

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Questions 437

Following a significant change to a business process, a risk practitioner believes the associated risk has been reduced. The risk practitioner should advise the risk owner to FIRST

Options:

A.

review the key risk indicators.

B.

conduct a risk analysis.

C.

update the risk register

D.

reallocate risk response resources.

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Questions 438

Which of the following is the BEST way to manage the risk associated with malicious activities performed by database administrators (DBAs)?

Options:

A.

Activity logging and monitoring

B.

Periodic access review

C.

Two-factor authentication

D.

Awareness training and background checks

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Questions 439

Which of the following will BEST help to ensure implementation of corrective action plans?

Options:

A.

Establishing employee awareness training

B.

Assigning accountability to risk owners

C.

Selling target dates to complete actions

D.

Contracting to third parties

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Questions 440

Which of the following would provide executive management with the BEST information to make risk decisions as a result of a risk assessment?

Options:

A.

A companion of risk assessment results to the desired state

B.

A quantitative presentation of risk assessment results

C.

An assessment of organizational maturity levels and readiness

D.

A qualitative presentation of risk assessment results

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Questions 441

Which of the following would BEST indicate to senior management that IT processes are improving?

Options:

A.

Changes in the number of intrusions detected

B.

Changes in the number of security exceptions

C.

Changes in the position in the maturity model

D.

Changes to the structure of the risk register

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Questions 442

Which of the following BEST supports ethical IT risk management practices?

Options:

A.

Robust organizational communication channels

B.

Mapping of key risk indicators (KRIs) to corporate strategy

C.

Capability maturity models integrated with risk management frameworks

D.

Rigorously enforced operational service level agreements (SLAs)

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Questions 443

Which of the following should be the PRIMARY recipient of reports showing the

progress of a current IT risk mitigation project?

Options:

A.

Senior management

B.

Project manager

C.

Project sponsor

D.

IT risk manager

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Questions 444

Winch of the following key control indicators (KCIs) BEST indicates whether security requirements are identified and managed throughout a project He cycle?

Options:

A.

Number of projects going live without a security review

B.

Number of employees completing project-specific security training

C.

Number of security projects started in core departments

D.

Number of security-related status reports submitted by project managers

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Questions 445

Options:

A.

Strategic investment portfolio.

B.

Business impact analysis (BIA) results.

C.

Alignment with risk appetite.

D.

Key risk indicator (KRI) trends.

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Questions 446

Which of the following is the MOST important document regarding the treatment of sensitive data?

Options:

A.

Encryption policy

B.

Organization risk profile

C.

Digital rights management policy

D.

Information classification policy

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Questions 447

Which of the following presents the GREATEST security risk to an organization with a large number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices within its network?

Options:

A.

Inadequate network bandwidth

B.

Lack of interoperability between IoT devices

C.

Insufficient IoT policies and procedures

D.

Increased maintenance costs for IoT devices

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Questions 448

Which of the following is MOST helpful in verifying that the implementation of a risk mitigation control has been completed as intended?

Options:

A.

An updated risk register

B.

Risk assessment results

C.

Technical control validation

D.

Control testing results

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Questions 449

An organization is developing a risk universe to create a holistic view of its overall risk profile. Which of the following is the GREATEST barrier to achieving the initiative ' s objectives?

Options:

A.

Lack of cross-functional risk assessment workshops within the organization

B.

Lack of common understanding of the organization ' s risk culture

C.

Lack of quantitative methods to aggregate the total risk exposure

D.

Lack of an integrated risk management system to aggregate risk scenarios

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Questions 450

Which of the following is the PRIMARY objective of risk management?

Options:

A.

To achieve business objectives

B.

To minimize business disruptions

C.

To identify threats and vulnerabilities

D.

To identify and analyze risk

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Questions 451

Which of the following is the BEST indication that key risk indicators (KRls) should be revised?

Options:

A.

A decrease in the number of critical assets covered by risk thresholds

B.

An Increase In the number of risk threshold exceptions

C.

An increase in the number of change events pending management review

D.

A decrease In the number of key performance indicators (KPls)

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Questions 452

Options:

A.

Implement project status checks to avoid financial risk.

B.

Support the project team in identifying and responding to risk.

C.

Update and publish the project risk register on a regular basis.

D.

Reduce project cost by eliminating risk to the project.

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Questions 453

Which of the following is MOST important when creating a program to reduce ethical risk?

Options:

A.

Defining strict policies

B.

Developing an organizational communication plan

C.

Conducting a gap analysis

D.

Obtaining senior management commitment

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Questions 454

The BEST criteria when selecting a risk response is the:

Options:

A.

capability to implement the response

B.

importance of IT risk within the enterprise

C.

effectiveness of risk response options

D.

alignment of response to industry standards

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Questions 455

Which of the following is the BEST control to detect an advanced persistent threat (APT)?

Options:

A.

Utilizing antivirus systems and firewalls

B.

Conducting regular penetration tests

C.

Monitoring social media activities

D.

Implementing automated log monitoring

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Questions 456

The following is the snapshot of a recently approved IT risk register maintained by an organization ' s information security department.

CRISC Question 456

After implementing countermeasures listed in ‘’Risk Response Descriptions’’ for each of the Risk IDs, which of the following component of the register MUST change?

Options:

A.

Risk Impact Rating

B.

Risk Owner

C.

Risk Likelihood Rating

D.

Risk Exposure

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Questions 457

Which of the following would be MOST useful when measuring the progress of a risk response action plan?

Options:

A.

Percentage of mitigated risk scenarios

B.

Annual loss expectancy (ALE) changes

C.

Resource expenditure against budget

D.

An up-to-date risk register

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Questions 458

A risk practitioner has been tasked with conducting a risk identification workshop with stakeholders to compile an IT risk profile. Which of the following would be MOST helpful in the brainstorming phase of this exercise?

Options:

A.

List of issues and events from the risk register.

B.

Internal audit reports with adverse findings.

C.

IT control assessment results and trends.

D.

Key risk indicators (KRIs) outside of appetite.

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Questions 459

Which of the following provides the MOST helpful information in identifying risk in an organization?

Options:

A.

Risk registers

B.

Risk analysis

C.

Risk scenarios

D.

Risk responses

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Questions 460

An organization is implementing data warehousing infrastructure. Senior management is concerned about safeguarding client data security in this new environment. Which of the following should the risk practitioner recommend be done NEXT?

Options:

A.

Ensure a role-based access control (RBAC) model is implemented.

B.

Perform a gap analysis regarding the organization ' s client data access model.

C.

Ensure an attribute-based access control model is implemented.

D.

Establish new controls addressing a consistently applied data access model.

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Questions 461

Which of the following presents the GREATEST security risk associated with Internet of Things (IoT) technology?

Options:

A.

The inability to monitor via network management solutions

B.

The lack of relevant IoT security frameworks to guide the risk assessment process

C.

The heightened level of IoT threats via the widespread use of smart devices

D.

The lack of updates for vulnerable firmware

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Questions 462

An organization is developing a risk awareness program for contractors and consultants. Which of the following is MOST important for the organization to keep confidential?

Options:

A.

Key risk indicator (KRI) threshold methodology

B.

Names of key cloud providers

C.

Unmitigated vulnerabilities

D.

Corporate security policies

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Questions 463

Which of the following is MOST important when considering risk in an enterprise risk management (ERM) process?

Options:

A.

Financial risk is given a higher priority.

B.

Risk with strategic impact is included.

C.

Security strategy is given a higher priority.

D.

Risk identified by industry benchmarking is included.

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Questions 464

Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when determining whether to accept residual risk after security controls have been implemented on a critical system?

Options:

A.

Cost versus benefit of additional mitigating controls

B.

Annualized loss expectancy (ALE) for the system

C.

Frequency of business impact

D.

Cost of the Information control system

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Questions 465

An organization ' s finance team is proposing the adoption of a blockchain technology to provide a secure method for moving funds. Which of the following should the risk practitioner do FIRST?

Options:

A.

Recommend permissionless blockchain.

B.

Perform a risk assessment.

C.

Perform a business impact analysis (BIA).

D.

Recommend permissioned blockchain.

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Questions 466

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate risk owner for a payroll application that has recently been outsourced to a cloud software provider?

Options:

A.

IT executive.

B.

HR executive.

C.

Vendor management executive.

D.

Cloud service provider’s information security executive.

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Questions 467

Which of the following is the BEST way to address IT regulatory compliance risk?

Options:

A.

Assign highest priority to remediation of related risk scenarios.

B.

Prevent acceptance of related risk scenarios.

C.

Conduct specialized business impact analyses (BIAs).

D.

Manage risk like other types of operational risk.

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Questions 468

An organization uses a vendor to destroy hard drives. Which of the following would BEST reduce the risk of data leakage?

Options:

A.

Require the vendor to degauss the hard drives

B.

Implement an encryption policy for the hard drives.

C.

Require confirmation of destruction from the IT manager.

D.

Use an accredited vendor to dispose of the hard drives.

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Questions 469

Which of the following aspects of an IT risk and control self-assessment would be MOST important to include in a report to senior management?

Options:

A.

Changes in control design

B.

A decrease in the number of key controls

C.

Changes in control ownership

D.

An increase in residual risk

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Questions 470

Which of the following should a risk practitioner recommend be done prior to disposal of server hardware containing confidential data?

Options:

A.

Destroy the hard drives.

B.

Encrypt the backup.

C.

Update the asset inventory.

D.

Remove all user access.

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Questions 471

The PRIMARY reason a risk practitioner would be interested in an internal audit report is to:

Options:

A.

plan awareness programs for business managers.

B.

evaluate maturity of the risk management process.

C.

assist in the development of a risk profile.

D.

maintain a risk register based on noncompliance.

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Questions 472

Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason for sharing risk assessment reports with senior stakeholders?

Options:

A.

To support decision-making for risk response

B.

To hold risk owners accountable for risk action plans

C.

To secure resourcing for risk treatment efforts

D.

To enable senior management to compile a risk profile

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Questions 473

Which of the following provides the BEST evidence that risk responses have been executed according to their risk action plans?

Options:

A.

Risk policy review

B.

Business impact analysis (B1A)

C.

Control catalog

D.

Risk register

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Questions 474

A risk practitioner is concerned with potential data loss in the event of a breach at a hosted third-party provider. Which of the following is the BEST way to mitigate this risk?

Options:

A.

Include an indemnification clause in the provider ' s contract.

B.

Monitor provider performance against service level agreements (SLAs).

C.

Purchase cyber insurance to protect against data breaches.

D.

Ensure appropriate security controls are in place through independent audits.

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Questions 475

An organization has four different projects competing for funding to reduce overall IT risk. Which project should management defer?

CRISC Question 475

Options:

A.

Project Charlie

B.

Project Bravo

C.

Project Alpha

D.

Project Delta

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Questions 476

Which of the following should be the PRIMARY consideration when assessing the risk of using Internet of Things (loT) devices to collect and process personally identifiable information (PII)?

Options:

A.

Business strategies and needs

B.

Security features and support

C.

Costs and benefits

D.

Local laws and regulations

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Questions 477

Where is the FIRST place a risk practitioner should look to identify accountability for a specific risk?

Options:

A.

Risk register

B.

Risk scenario

C.

RACI matrix

D.

Risk response plan

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Questions 478

Which of the following would MOST likely require a risk practitioner to update the risk register?

Options:

A.

An alert being reported by the security operations center.

B.

Development of a project schedule for implementing a risk response

C.

Completion of a project for implementing a new control

D.

Engagement of a third party to conduct a vulnerability scan

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Questions 479

A bank recently incorporated Blockchain technology with the potential to impact known risk within the organization. Which of the following is the risk practitioner’s BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Determine whether risk responses are still adequate.

B.

Analyze and update control assessments with the new processes.

C.

Analyze the risk and update the risk register as needed.

D.

Conduct testing of the control that mitigate the existing risk.

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Questions 480

Which of the following is the MOST important component in a risk treatment plan?

Options:

A.

Technical details

B.

Target completion date

C.

Treatment plan ownership

D.

Treatment plan justification

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Questions 481

Which of the following is the GREATEST benefit of analyzing logs collected from different systems?

Options:

A.

A record of incidents is maintained.

B.

Forensic investigations are facilitated.

C.

Security violations can be identified.

D.

Developing threats are detected earlier.

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Questions 482

A risk practitioner learns that a risk owner has been accepting gifts from a supplier of IT products. Some of these IT products are used to implement controls and to mitigate risk to acceptable levels. Which of the following should the risk practitioner do FIRST?

Options:

A.

Initiate disciplinary action against the risk owner.

B.

Reassess the risk and review the underlying controls.

C.

Review organizational ethics policies.

D.

Report the activity to the supervisor.

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Questions 483

Accountability for a particular risk is BEST represented in a:

Options:

A.

risk register

B.

risk catalog

C.

risk scenario

D.

RACI matrix

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Questions 484

An organization ' s internal audit department is considering the implementation of robotics process automation (RPA) to automate certain continuous auditing tasks. Who would own the risk associated with ineffective design of the software bots?

Options:

A.

Lead auditor

B.

Project manager

C.

Chief audit executive (CAE)

D.

Chief information officer (CIO)

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Questions 485

Which of the following is the PRIMARY responsibility of the first line of defense related to computer-enabled fraud?

Options:

A.

Providing oversight of risk management processes

B.

Implementing processes to detect and deter fraud

C.

Ensuring that risk and control assessments consider fraud

D.

Monitoring the results of actions taken to mitigate fraud

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Questions 486

Which of the following is the BEST evidence that a user account has been properly authorized?

Options:

A.

An email from the user accepting the account

B.

Notification from human resources that the account is active

C.

User privileges matching the request form

D.

Formal approval of the account by the user ' s manager

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Questions 487

Which of the following is the PRIMARY risk management responsibility of the second line of defense?

Options:

A.

Monitoring risk responses

B.

Applying risk treatments

C.

Providing assurance of control effectiveness

D.

Implementing internal controls

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Questions 488

Which of the following is the MOST important responsibility of a risk owner?

Options:

A.

Testing control design

B.

Accepting residual risk

C.

Establishing business information criteria

D.

Establishing the risk register

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Questions 489

An organization is concerned that its employees may be unintentionally disclosing data through the use of social media sites. Which of the following will MOST effectively mitigate tins risk?

Options:

A.

Requiring the use of virtual private networks (VPNs)

B.

Establishing a data classification policy

C.

Conducting user awareness training

D.

Requiring employee agreement of the acceptable use policy

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Questions 490

Which of the following provides the MOST reliable evidence to support conclusions after completing an information systems controls assessment?

Options:

A.

Risk and control self-assessment (CSA) reports

B.

Information generated by the systems

C.

Control environment narratives

D.

Confirmation from industry peers

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Questions 491

Which of the following is MOST important to include when reporting the effectiveness of risk management to senior management?

Options:

A.

Changes in the organization ' s risk appetite and risk tolerance levels

B.

Impact due to changes in external and internal risk factors

C.

Changes in residual risk levels against acceptable levels

D.

Gaps in best practices and implemented controls across the industry

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Questions 492

When determining which control deficiencies are most significant, which of the following would provide the MOST useful information?

Options:

A.

Risk analysis results

B.

Exception handling policy

C.

Vulnerability assessment results

D.

Benchmarking assessments

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Questions 493

Which of the following BEST enables risk mitigation associated with software licensing noncompliance?

Options:

A.

Document IT inventory management procedures.

B.

Conduct annual reviews of license expiration dates.

C.

Perform automated vulnerability scans.

D.

Implement automated IT asset management controls.

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Questions 494

Which of the following is MOST essential for an effective change control environment?

Options:

A.

Business management approval of change requests

B.

Separation of development and production environments

C.

Requirement of an implementation rollback plan

D.

IT management review of implemented changes

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Questions 495

An organizations chief technology officer (CTO) has decided to accept the risk associated with the potential loss from a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. In this situation, the risk practitioner ' s BEST course of action is to:

Options:

A.

identify key risk indicators (KRls) for ongoing monitoring

B.

validate the CTO ' s decision with the business process owner

C.

update the risk register with the selected risk response

D.

recommend that the CTO revisit the risk acceptance decision.

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Questions 496

An organization has been notified that a disgruntled, terminated IT administrator has tried to break into the corporate network. Which of the following discoveries should be of GREATEST concern to the organization?

Options:

A.

Authentication logs have been disabled.

B.

An external vulnerability scan has been detected.

C.

A brute force attack has been detected.

D.

An increase in support requests has been observed.

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Questions 497

Which of these documents is MOST important to request from a cloud service

provider during a vendor risk assessment?

Options:

A.

Nondisclosure agreement (NDA)

B.

Independent audit report

C.

Business impact analysis (BIA)

D.

Service level agreement (SLA)

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Questions 498

Which of the following is MOST important for the organization to consider before implementing a new in-house developed artificial intelligence (Al) solution?

Options:

A.

Industry trends in Al

B.

Expected algorithm outputs

C.

Data feeds

D.

Alert functionality

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Questions 499

What is the PRIMARY benefit of risk monitoring?

Options:

A.

It reduces the number of audit findings.

B.

It provides statistical evidence of control efficiency.

C.

It facilitates risk-aware decision making.

D.

It facilitates communication of threat levels.

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Questions 500

A risk practitioner recently discovered that sensitive data from the production environment is required for testing purposes in non-production environments. Which of the following i the BEST recommendation to address this situation?

Options:

A.

Enable data encryption in the test environment

B.

Implement equivalent security in the test environment.

C.

Prevent the use of production data for test purposes

D.

Mask data before being transferred to the test environment.

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Questions 501

Which of the following emerging technologies is frequently used for botnet distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks?

Options:

A.

Internet of Things (IoT)

B.

Quantum computing

C.

Virtual reality (VR)

D.

Machine learning

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Questions 502

Which of the following is the PRIMARY risk management responsibility of the third line of defense?

Options:

A.

Providing assurance of the effectiveness of risk management activities

B.

Providing guidance on the design of effective controls

C.

Providing advisory services on enterprise risk management (ERM)

D.

Providing benchmarking on other organizations ' risk management programs

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Questions 503

During the creation of an organization ' s IT risk management program, the BEST time to identify key risk indicators (KRIs) is while:

Options:

A.

Interviewing data owners

B.

Reviewing risk response plans with internal audit

C.

Developing a risk monitoring process

D.

Reviewing an external risk assessment

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Questions 504

Winch of the following can be concluded by analyzing the latest vulnerability report for the it infrastructure?

Options:

A.

Likelihood of a threat

B.

Impact of technology risk

C.

Impact of operational risk

D.

Control weakness

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Questions 505

When a risk practitioner is building a key risk indicator (KRI) from aggregated data, it is CRITICAL that the data is derived from:

Options:

A.

business process owners.

B.

representative data sets.

C.

industry benchmark data.

D.

data automation systems.

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Questions 506

An organization has operations in a location that regularly experiences severe weather events. Which of the following would BEST help to mitigate the risk to operations?

Options:

A.

Prepare a cost-benefit analysis to evaluate relocation.

B.

Prepare a disaster recovery plan (DRP).

C.

Conduct a business impact analysis (BIA) for an alternate location.

D.

Develop a business continuity plan (BCP).

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Questions 507

Which of the following is the BEST way to address a board ' s concern about the organization ' s current cybersecurity posture?

Options:

A.

Increase the frequency of vulnerability testing.

B.

Assess security capabilities against an industry framework

C.

Update security risk scenarios.

D.

Create a new security risk officer role.

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Questions 508

When a high-risk security breach occurs, which of the following would be MOST important to the person responsible for managing the incident?

Options:

A.

An analysis of the security logs that illustrate the sequence of events

B.

An analysis of the impact of similar attacks in other organizations

C.

A business case for implementing stronger logical access controls

D.

A justification of corrective action taken

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Questions 509

Which of the following BEST indicates that additional or improved controls ate needed m the environment?

Options:

A.

Management, has decreased organisational risk appetite

B.

The risk register and portfolio do not include all risk scenarios

C.

merging risk scenarios have been identified

D.

Risk events and losses exceed risk tolerance

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Questions 510

Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason for an organization to ensure the risk register is updated regularly?

Options:

A.

Risk assessment results are accessible to senior management and stakeholders.

B.

Risk mitigation activities are managed and coordinated.

C.

Key risk indicators (KRIs) are evaluated to validate they are still within the risk threshold.

D.

Risk information is available to enable risk-based decisions.

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Questions 511

It is MOST important that security controls for a new system be documented in:

Options:

A.

testing requirements

B.

the implementation plan.

C.

System requirements

D.

The security policy

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Questions 512

The effectiveness of a control has decreased. What is the MOST likely effect on the associated risk?

Options:

A.

The risk impact changes.

B.

The risk classification changes.

C.

The inherent risk changes.

D.

The residual risk changes.

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Questions 513

An organization ' s risk management team wants to develop IT risk scenarios to show the impact of collecting and storing credit card information. Which of the following is the MOST comprehensive approach to capture this scenario?

Options:

A.

Top-down analysis

B.

Event tree analysis

C.

Control gap analysis

D.

Bottom-up analysis

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Questions 514

A risk practitioner is advising management on proposed updates to the IT policy to include cloud usage. Which of the following should be the FIRST step in this process?

Options:

A.

Consult with industry peers regarding cloud best practices.

B.

Adopt an industry-leading cloud computing framework.

C.

Evaluate adherence to cloud providers’ IT policies and standards.

D.

Determine gaps between the current and desired state.

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Questions 515

Which of the following is the GREATEST concern associated with the transmission of healthcare data across the internet?

Options:

A.

Unencrypted data

B.

Lack of redundant circuits

C.

Low bandwidth connections

D.

Data integrity

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Questions 516

Which of the following BEST supports an accurate asset inventory system?

Options:

A.

Asset management metrics are aligned to industry benchmarks

B.

Organizational information risk controls are continuously monitored

C.

There are defined processes in place for onboarding assets

D.

The asset management team is involved in the budgetary planning process

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Questions 517

Which of the following is the BEST way to reduce the likelihood of an individual performing a potentially harmful action as the result of unnecessary entitlement?

Options:

A.

Application monitoring

B.

Separation of duty

C.

Least privilege

D.

Nonrepudiation

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Questions 518

Which of the following is the MAIN benefit to an organization using key risk indicators (KRIs)?

Options:

A.

KRIs assist in the preparation of the organization ' s risk profile.

B.

KRIs signal that a change in the control environment has occurred.

C.

KRIs provide a basis to set the risk appetite for an organization

D.

KRIs provide an early warning that a risk threshold is about to be reached.

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Questions 519

Who should be accountable for ensuring effective cybersecurity controls are established?

Options:

A.

Risk owner

B.

Security management function

C.

IT management

D.

Enterprise risk function

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Questions 520

Which of the following facilitates a completely independent review of test results for evaluating control effectiveness?

Options:

A.

Segregation of duties

B.

Three lines of defense

C.

Compliance review

D.

Quality assurance review

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Questions 521

The MOST important consideration when selecting a control to mitigate an identified risk is whether:

Options:

A.

the cost of control exceeds the mitigation value

B.

there are sufficient internal resources to implement the control

C.

the mitigation measures create compounding effects

D.

the control eliminates the risk

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Questions 522

Key risk indicators (KRIs) are MOST useful during which of the following risk management phases?

Options:

A.

Monitoring

B.

Analysis

C.

Identification

D.

Response selection

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Questions 523

A control for mitigating risk in a key business area cannot be implemented immediately. Which of the following is the risk practitioner ' s BEST course of action when a compensating control needs to be applied?

Options:

A.

Obtain the risk owner ' s approval.

B.

Record the risk as accepted in the risk register.

C.

Inform senior management.

D.

update the risk response plan.

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Questions 524

Which of the following is the BEST key performance indicator (KPI) to measure the effectiveness of IT policies? The number of:

Options:

A.

IT policy exceptions granted.

B.

Senior management approvals.

C.

Key technology controls covered by IT policies.

D.

Processes covered by IT policies.

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Questions 525

After entering a large number of low-risk scenarios into the risk register, it is MOST important for the risk practitioner to:

Options:

A.

prepare a follow-up risk assessment.

B.

recommend acceptance of the risk scenarios.

C.

reconfirm risk tolerance levels.

D.

analyze changes to aggregate risk.

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Questions 526

An organization has committed to a business initiative with the knowledge that the risk exposure is higher than the risk appetite. Which of the following is the risk practitioner ' s MOST important action related to this decision?

Options:

A.

Recommend rejection of the initiative.

B.

Change the level of risk appetite.

C.

Document formal acceptance of the risk.

D.

Initiate a reassessment of the risk.

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Questions 527

A risk practitioner is reporting on an increasing trend of ransomware attacks in the industry. Which of the following information is MOST important to include to enable an informed response decision by key stakeholders?

Options:

A.

Methods of attack progression

B.

Losses incurred by industry peers

C.

Most recent antivirus scan reports

D.

Potential impact of events

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Questions 528

The PRIMARY purpose of using a framework for risk analysis is to:

Options:

A.

improve accountability

B.

improve consistency

C.

help define risk tolerance

D.

help develop risk scenarios.

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Questions 529

Which of the following would be- MOST helpful to understand the impact of a new technology system on an organization ' s current risk profile?

Options:

A.

Hire consultants specializing m the new technology.

B.

Review existing risk mitigation controls.

C.

Conduct a gap analysis.

D.

Perform a risk assessment.

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Questions 530

An enterprise has taken delivery of software patches that address vulnerabilities in its core business software. Prior to implementation, which of the following is the MOST important task to be performed?

Options:

A.

Assess the impact of applying the patches on the production environment.

B.

Survey other enterprises regarding their experiences with applying these patches.

C.

Seek information from the software vendor to enable effective application of the patches.

D.

Determine in advance an off-peak period to apply the patches.

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Questions 531

An organization has recently hired a large number of part-time employees. During the annual audit, it was discovered that many user IDs and passwords were documented in procedure manuals for use by the part-time employees. Which of the following BEST describes this situation?

Options:

A.

Threat

B.

Risk

C.

Vulnerability

D.

Policy violation

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Questions 532

All business units within an organization have the same risk response plan for creating local disaster recovery plans. In an effort to achieve cost effectiveness, the BEST course of action would be to:

Options:

A.

select a provider to standardize the disaster recovery plans.

B.

outsource disaster recovery to an external provider.

C.

centralize the risk response function at the enterprise level.

D.

evaluate opportunities to combine disaster recovery plans.

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Questions 533

Which of the following BEST ensures that the data feeds used by an organization are complete and accurate?

Options:

A.

Data is inspected and accepted by owners

B.

Best-in-class data mining technology is used

C.

Sources of data and attributes are known

D.

The project is run by an experienced team

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Questions 534

Which of the following BEST enables a risk practitioner to focus on risk factors that could potentially affect the results of an IT initiative?

Options:

A.

Prioritizing threats and controls

B.

Assessing trends in quantitative risk analysis results

C.

Measuring and reporting qualitative risk trends

D.

Conducting stakeholder surveys

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Questions 535

External penetration tests MUST include:

Options:

A.

use of consultants to ensure completeness.

B.

communications to users of the target systems.

C.

changes to target data to prove the attack was successful.

D.

advance approval from system owners.

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Questions 536

Which of the following is the BEST reason to use qualitative measures to express residual risk levels related to emerging threats?

Options:

A.

Qualitative measures require less ongoing monitoring.

B.

Qualitative measures are better aligned to regulatory requirements.

C.

Qualitative measures are better able to incorporate expert judgment.

D.

Qualitative measures are easier to update.

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Questions 537

Which of the following would have the GREATEST impact on reducing the risk associated with the implementation of a big data project?

Options:

A.

Data processing

B.

Data quality

C.

Data scalability

D.

Data governance

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Questions 538

Which of the following is the MOST effective control to maintain the integrity of system configuration files?

Options:

A.

Recording changes to configuration files

B.

Implementing automated vulnerability scanning

C.

Restricting access to configuration documentation

D.

Monitoring against the configuration standard

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Questions 539

Changes in which of the following would MOST likely cause a risk practitioner to adjust the risk impact rating in the risk register?

Options:

A.

Control effectiveness

B.

Risk appetite

C.

Control costs

D.

Risk tolerance

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Questions 540

After the announcement of a new IT regulatory requirement, it is MOST important for a risk practitioner to;

Options:

A.

prepare an IT risk mitigation strategy.

B.

escalate to senior management.

C.

perform a cost-benefit analysis.

D.

review the impact to the IT environment.

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Questions 541

Which of the following is the MOST important reason to restrict access to the risk register on a need-to-know basis?

Options:

A.

It contains vulnerabilities and threats.

B.

The risk methodology is intellectual property.

C.

Contents may be used as auditable findings.

D.

Risk scenarios may be misinterpreted.

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Questions 542

Which of the following will be MOST effective to mitigate the risk associated with the loss of company data stored on personal devices?

Options:

A.

An acceptable use policy for personal devices

B.

Required user log-on before synchronizing data

C.

Enforced authentication and data encryption

D.

Security awareness training and testing

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Questions 543

Which of the following is the PRIMARY advantage of having a single integrated business continuity plan (BCP) rather than each business unit developing its own BCP?

Options:

A.

It provides assurance of timely business process response and effectiveness.

B.

It supports effective use of resources and provides reasonable confidence of recoverability.

C.

It enables effective BCP maintenance and updates to reflect organizational changes.

D.

It decreases the risk of downtime and operational losses in the event of a disruption.

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Questions 544

Which of the following is the GREATEST benefit for an organization with a strong risk awareness culture?

Options:

A.

Reducing the involvement by senior management

B.

Using more risk specialists

C.

Reducing the need for risk policies and guidelines

D.

Discussing and managing risk as a team

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Questions 545

A risk practitioner has been asked to evaluate a new cloud-based service to enhance an organization ' s access management capabilities. When is the BEST time for the risk practitioner to provide opinions on control strength?

Options:

A.

After the initial design

B.

Before production rollout

C.

After a few weeks in use

D.

Before end-user testing

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Questions 546

What should be the PRIMARY driver for periodically reviewing and adjusting key risk indicators (KRIs)?

Options:

A.

Risk impact

B.

Risk likelihood

C.

Risk appropriate

D.

Control self-assessments (CSAs)

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Questions 547

What is the MOST effective approach to promote ethical decision-making in a global organization?

Options:

A.

Embed risk averse culture within the organization.

B.

Ensure ethics considerations are made in the hiring process.

C.

Ensure code of conduct is incorporated into organization-wide awareness training

D.

Require annual metrics related to ethics be reported.

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Questions 548

Which of the following is the MOST important key performance indicator (KPI) to establish in the service level agreement (SLA) for an outsourced data center?

Options:

A.

Percentage of systems included in recovery processes

B.

Number of key systems hosted

C.

Average response time to resolve system incidents

D.

Percentage of system availability

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Questions 549

A Software as a Service (SaaS) provider has determined that the risk of a client ' s sensitive data being compromised is low. Which of the following is the client ' s BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Implement additional controls to address the risk

B.

Accept the risk based on the provider ' s risk assessment

C.

Review the provider ' s independent audit results

D.

Ensure the contract includes breach notification requirements

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Questions 550

Which of the following should be a risk practitioner ' s NEXT step upon learning the impact of an organization ' s noncompliance with a specific legal regulation?

Options:

A.

Identify risk response options.

B.

Implement compensating controls.

C.

Invoke the incident response plan.

D.

Document the penalties for noncompliance.

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Questions 551

A vendor ' s planned maintenance schedule will cause a critical application to temporarily lose failover capabilities. Of the following, who should approve this proposed schedule?

Options:

A.

IT infrastructure manager

B.

Chief Risk Officer (CRO)

C.

Business continuity manager

D.

Business application owner

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Questions 552

A risk practitioner wants to identify potential risk events that affect the continuity of a critical business process. Which of the following should the risk practitioner do FIRST?

Options:

A.

Evaluate current risk management alignment with relevant regulations.

B.

Determine if business continuity procedures are reviewed and updated on a regular basis.

C.

Review the methodology used to conduct the business impact analysis (BIA).

D.

Conduct a benchmarking exercise against industry peers.

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Questions 553

An upward trend in which of the following metrics should be of MOST concern?

Options:

A.

Number of business change management requests

B.

Number of revisions to security policy

C.

Number of security policy exceptions approved

D.

Number of changes to firewall rules

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Questions 554

Which of the following is the MOST important consideration for a risk practitioner when making a system implementation go-live recommendation?

Options:

A.

Completeness of system documentation

B.

Results of end user acceptance testing

C.

Variances between planned and actual cost

D.

availability of in-house resources

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Questions 555

When performing a risk assessment of a new service to support a core business process, which of the following should be done FIRST to ensure continuity of operations?

Options:

A.

Define metrics for restoring availability.

B.

Identify conditions that may cause disruptions.

C.

Review incident response procedures.

D.

Evaluate the probability of risk events.

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Questions 556

Which of the following is the BEST key performance indicator (KPI) for determining how well an IT policy is aligned to business requirements?

Options:

A.

Total cost to support the policy

B.

Number of exceptions to the policy

C.

Total cost of policy breaches

D.

Number of inquiries regarding the policy

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Questions 557

Which of the following is the FIRST step when conducting a business impact analysis (BIA)?

Options:

A.

Identifying critical information assets

B.

Identifying events impacting continuity of operations.

C.

Creating a data classification scheme

D.

Analyzing previous risk assessment results

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Questions 558

An organization has opened a subsidiary in a foreign country. Which of the following would be the BEST way to measure the effectiveness of the subsidiary ' s IT systems controls?

Options:

A.

Implement IT systems in alignment with business objectives.

B.

Review metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs).

C.

Review design documentation of IT systems.

D.

Evaluate compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.

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Questions 559

Which of the following is the BEST way to support communication of emerging risk?

Options:

A.

Update residual risk levels to reflect the expected risk impact.

B.

Adjust inherent risk levels upward.

C.

Include it on the next enterprise risk committee agenda.

D.

Include it in the risk register for ongoing monitoring.

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Questions 560

Which of the following is MOST important to identify when developing top-down risk scenarios?

Options:

A.

Key procedure control gaps

B.

Business objectives

C.

Senior management ' s risk appetite

D.

Hypothetical scenarios

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Questions 561

Which of the following should be the PRIMARY input to determine risk tolerance?

Options:

A.

Regulatory requirements

B.

Organizational objectives

C.

Annual loss expectancy (ALE)

D.

Risk management costs

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Questions 562

What should a risk practitioner do FIRST when vulnerability assessment results identify a weakness in an application?

Options:

A.

Review regular control testing results.

B.

Recommend a penetration test.

C.

Assess the risk to determine mitigation needed.

D.

Analyze key performance indicators (KPIs).

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Questions 563

The acceptance of control costs that exceed risk exposure is MOST likely an example of:

Options:

A.

low risk tolerance.

B.

corporate culture misalignment.

C.

corporate culture alignment.

D.

high risk tolerance

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Questions 564

Which of the following would be MOST helpful when communicating roles associated with the IT risk management process?

Options:

A.

Skills matrix

B.

Job descriptions

C.

RACI chart

D.

Organizational chart

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Questions 565

Which of the following BEST enables an organization to increase the likelihood of identifying risk associated with unethical employee behavior?

Options:

A.

Require a signed agreement by employees to comply with ethics policies

B.

Conduct background checks for new employees

C.

Establish a channel to anonymously report unethical behavior

D.

Implement mandatory ethics training for employees

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Questions 566

Which of the following criteria is MOST important when developing a response to an attack that would compromise data?

Options:

A.

The recovery time objective (RTO)

B.

The likelihood of a recurring attack

C.

The organization ' s risk tolerance

D.

The business significance of the information

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Questions 567

When creating a separate IT risk register for a large organization, which of the following is MOST important to consider with regard to the existing corporate risk ' register?

Options:

A.

Leveraging business risk professionals

B.

Relying on generic IT risk scenarios

C.

Describing IT risk in business terms

D.

Using a common risk taxonomy

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Questions 568

The MOST important reason to monitor key risk indicators (KRIs) is to help management:

Options:

A.

identity early risk transfer strategies.

B.

lessen the impact of realized risk.

C.

analyze the chain of risk events.

D.

identify the root cause of risk events.

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Questions 569

What is the BEST recommendation to reduce the risk associated with potential system compromise when a vendor stops releasing security patches and updates for a business-critical legacy system?

Options:

A.

Segment the system on its own network.

B.

Ensure regular backups take place.

C.

Virtualize the system in the cloud.

D.

Install antivirus software on the system.

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Questions 570

Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason to perform periodic vendor risk assessments?

Options:

A.

To provide input to the organization ' s risk appetite

B.

To monitor the vendor ' s control effectiveness

C.

To verify the vendor ' s ongoing financial viability

D.

To assess the vendor ' s risk mitigation plans

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Questions 571

Several vulnerabilities have been identified in an organization’s core financial systems. Which of the following would be the risk practitioner’s BEST course of action?

Options:

A.

Evaluate the associated risk.

B.

Determine the cost of remediation.

C.

Initiate the incident response plan.

D.

Remediate the vulnerabilities.

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Questions 572

A risk practitioner is summarizing the results of a high-profile risk assessment sponsored by senior management. The BEST way to support risk-based decisions by senior management would be to:

Options:

A.

map findings to objectives.

B.

provide quantified detailed analysis

C.

recommend risk tolerance thresholds.

D.

quantify key risk indicators (KRls).

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Questions 573

A risk practitioner notices a risk scenario associated with data loss at the organization ' s cloud provider is assigned to the provider who should the risk scenario be reassigned to.

Options:

A.

Senior management

B.

Chief risk officer (CRO)

C.

Vendor manager

D.

Data owner

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Questions 574

Which of the following BEST enables the timely detection of changes in the security control environment?

Options:

A.

Control self-assessment (CSA)

B.

Log analysis

C.

Security control reviews

D.

Random sampling checks

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Questions 575

An internal audit report reveals that not all IT application databases have encryption in place. Which of the following information would be MOST important for assessing the risk impact?

Options:

A.

The number of users who can access sensitive data

B.

A list of unencrypted databases which contain sensitive data

C.

The reason some databases have not been encrypted

D.

The cost required to enforce encryption

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Questions 576

Which of the following BEST indicates that an organization ' s disaster recovery plan (DRP) will mitigate the risk of the organization failing to recover from a major service disruption?

Options:

A.

An experienced and certified disaster recovery team

B.

A record of quarterly disaster recovery tests

C.

A comprehensive list of critical applications

D.

A defined recovery point objective (RPO)

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Questions 577

Which of the following observations would be the GREATEST concern to a risk practitioner evaluating an organization ' s risk management practices?

Options:

A.

Senior management has approved numerous requests for risk acceptance.

B.

Business leaders provide final approval for information security policies.

C.

Several risk scenarios have action plans spanning multiple years.

D.

Senior management does not set risk tolerance.

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Questions 578

Which of the following is MOST important to the integrity of a security log?

Options:

A.

Least privilege access

B.

Inability to edit

C.

Ability to overwrite

D.

Encryption

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Questions 579

Which of the following is the MOST important reason to create risk scenarios?

Options:

A.

To assist with risk identification

B.

To determine risk tolerance

C.

To determine risk appetite

D.

To assist in the development of risk responses

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Questions 580

Who should be accountable for monitoring the control environment to ensure controls are effective?

Options:

A.

Risk owner

B.

Security monitoring operations

C.

Impacted data owner

D.

System owner

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Questions 581

A migration from an in-house developed system to an external cloud-based solution is affecting a previously rated key risk scenario related to payroll processing. Which part of the risk register should be updated FIRST?

Options:

A.

Payroll system risk factors

B.

Payroll system risk mitigation plans

C.

Payroll process owner

D.

Payroll administrative controls

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Questions 582

Which of the following BEST indicates the risk appetite and tolerance level (or the risk associated with business interruption caused by IT system failures?

Options:

A.

Mean time to recover (MTTR)

B.

IT system criticality classification

C.

Incident management service level agreement (SLA)

D.

Recovery time objective (RTO)

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Questions 583

Which of the following would be MOST helpful in assessing the risk associated with data loss due to human vulnerabilities?

Options:

A.

Reviewing password change history

B.

Performing periodic access recertification

C.

Conducting social engineering exercises

D.

Reviewing the results of security awareness surveys

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Questions 584

Which of the following is the MOST important characteristic of a key risk indicator (KRI) to enable decision-making?

Options:

A.

Monitoring the risk until the exposure is reduced

B.

Setting minimum sample sizes to ensure accuracy

C.

Listing alternative causes for risk events

D.

Illustrating changes in risk trends

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Questions 585

Which of the following provides the MOST useful information when determining if a specific control should be implemented?

Options:

A.

Business impact analysis (BIA)

B.

Cost-benefit analysis

C.

Attribute analysis

D.

Root cause analysis

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Questions 586

Which of the following provides the MOST important information to facilitate a risk response decision?

Options:

A.

Audit findings

B.

Risk appetite

C.

Key risk indicators

D.

Industry best practices

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Questions 587

Which of the following is a risk practitioner ' s MOST important course of action after learning that an organization ' s industry peers have experienced an increase in ransomware attacks?

Options:

A.

Recommend additional preventive controls to reduce residual risk.

B.

Document this scenario as a risk event for further risk analysis.

C.

Propose risk acceptance until the organization is directly affected.

D.

Raise a security incident to proactively prevent similar attacks.

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Questions 588

Which of the following is MOST useful when performing a quantitative risk assessment?

Options:

A.

RACI matrix

B.

Financial models

C.

Management support

D.

Industry benchmarking

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Questions 589

Which of the following is a risk practitioner ' s BEST recommendation to help reduce IT risk associated with scheduling overruns when starting a new application development project?

Options:

A.

Implement a tool to track the development team ' s deliverables.

B.

Review the software development life cycle.

C.

Involve the development team in planning.

D.

Assign more developers to the project team.

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Questions 590

Which of the following functions independently reviews and provides feedback regarding the achievement of organizational objectives?

Options:

A.

Risk management

B.

Internal audit

C.

IT governance

D.

Senior leadership

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Questions 591

Which of the following would be the BEST justification to invest in the development of a governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) solution?

Options:

A.

Facilitating risk-aware decision making by stakeholders

B.

Demonstrating management commitment to mitigate risk

C.

Closing audit findings on a timely basis

D.

Ensuring compliance to industry standards

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Questions 592

An organization recently implemented an automated interface for uploading payment files to its banking system to replace manual processing. Which of the following elements of the risk register is MOST appropriate for the risk practitioner to update to reflect the improved control?

Options:

A.

Risk scenarios

B.

Risk ownership

C.

Risk impact

D.

Risk likelihood

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Exam Code: CRISC
Exam Name: Certified in Risk and Information Systems Control
Last Update: Oct 10, 2026
Questions: 1975

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