H19-301_V3.0 HCSA-Presales-IP Network Certification V3.0 Questions and Answers

MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) uses labels to forward packets efficiently along predefined paths called Label Switched Paths (LSPs). These labels are assigned dynamically using protocols likeLabel Distribution Protocol (LDP)or RSVP-TE (Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering).While static routing and manual configuration can define paths, they do not involve dynamic label assignment.Similarly, direct routes are not related to MPLS label distribution. LDP is specifically designed to exchange label information between routers, enabling MPLS forwarding.

In IP-based networks, routers use the destination IP address in the network layer header to determine the next hop for forwarding packets. The routing table contains entries that map destination IP addresses to outgoing interfaces or next-hop routers.

Source MAC and Destination MAC are Layer 2 (data link layer) addresses and are not used for routing decisions.

Source IP is irrelevant for routing, as the router focuses on delivering the packet to the destination IP address.

Thus, the correct answer is B , as routers use the destination IP address to make forwarding decisions.

Adefault routeis a special type of route used in routing tables to forward packets when no specific route matches the destination IP address. It acts as a "catch-all" route for traffic that does not match any other routes in the routing table.The default route is typically represented as0.0.0.0/0, where:

0.0.0.0represents any destination IP address.

/0indicates a subnet mask of 0 bits, meaning it applies to all possible IP addresses.

Default routes are commonly used in scenarios where a router needs to forward traffic to a gatewayor next-hop device for further processing. This simplifies routing table management, especially in networks with limited or centralized connectivity.

Huawei AirEngine 6761-2ITis a high-performance Wi-Fi 6 AP.

Correct answer:It has a 2.5GE uplink port, allowing forhigh-speed wired backhaulto support multi-gigabit wireless speeds.

Incorrect options explained:

A (Supports two radios in maximum):Incorrect, it supportsdual-band radiosbut offers flexible radio configurations.

B (Has an optical port):No, it only hasEthernet-based uplink ports.

D (Supports 5.95 Gbps max wireless rate):Incorrect,it supports higher speedsbased on802.11ax technology.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Documentation – AirEngine 6761-2IT Datasheet

The Huawei CloudEngine S8700 series switches are designed for enterprise campus networks and aggregation layers, offering advanced hardware features that ensure high performance, scalability, and reliability. Below is an explanation of each option:

Cards with ultra-high-density GE optical/GE electrical/10GE optical ports : The S8700 supports high-density interfaces, including Gigabit Ethernet (GE) and 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GE) ports, making it suitable for large-scale campus networks.

Ultra-high PoE++ output capability, supporting ultra-long-distance high-performance PoE transmission : The switch provides Power over Ethernet (PoE++) support, delivering up to 90W per port. This capability is ideal for powering devices like IP cameras, wireless access points, and IoT devices over long distances.

Service subcards are integrated on the main control board panel, separating the forwarding plane from the control plane and enriching port combinations : This design enhances modularity and flexibility, allowing users to customize port configurations based on their specific requirements.

The main control boards work in 1:1 backup mode. When a main control board is removed and then installed, no packet loss occurs and the performance does not deteriorate : The S8700 ensures high availability through redundant main control boards. This feature guarantees uninterrupted operation even during maintenance or failures.

All four options accurately describe the hardware characteristics of the S8700, making them all correct.

Overview of Huawei Controllers:

Huawei offers a range of controllers under the iMaster NCE series, each designed for specific use cases.

Analysis of Each Controller:

iMaster NCE-Fabric:Focuses on data center network automation and management. It does not support unified LAN-WAN management.

iMaster NCE-WAN:Specializes in WAN management, particularly for SD-WAN solutions. It does not manage LANs.

iMaster NCE-Campus:Designed for campus networks, this controller supportsunified LAN-WAN management, enabling centralized control of both wired and wireless networks.

iMaster NCE-IP:Focuses on traditional IP/MPLS network management and does not support unified LAN-WAN management.

Conclusion:The correct answer is Option C, as iMaster NCE-Campus supports unified LAN-WAN management.

Huawei AR6300 routersarehigh-reliability enterprise routersdesigned formission-critical applications.

Key features:

Dual SRUs (Service Routing Units)for redundancy.

Dual power suppliesto ensurecontinuous operation.

Redundant fansto prevent overheating and hardware failure.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Documentation – AR6300 Router High-Availability Features

Virtual Systems and SSL VPN Licenses:

Virtual systems allow a single firewall to act as multiple logical firewalls, each with its own policies and resources.

Concurrent SSL VPN users require licenses for secure remote access.

Default Licensing for USG6000F Series:

By default, the USG6000F series providesfree licenses for 10 virtual systems. However,SSL VPN licenses are not included by defaultand must be purchased separately.

Conclusion:The statement is FALSE because only 10 virtual systems are provided for free, while SSL VPN licenses are not included by default.

A WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) is specifically defined as a network that uses radio frequency (RF) technologies , primarily Wi-Fi, to provide wireless connectivity. While technologies like infrared, Bluetooth, and ZigBee are wireless communication methods, they are not part of the WLAN definition.

Wi-Fi : Operates in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands and is the primary technology used in WLANs.

Infrared : Uses light waves for short-range communication and is not part of WLAN standards.

Bluetooth : Designed for short-range personal area networks (PANs), not LANs.

ZigBee : Used for low-power, low-data-rate IoT applications, not WLANs.

Thus, the statement is FALSE , as WLANs are exclusively based on RF technologies like Wi-Fi.

Huawei'sCloudEngine series switchesare designed to meet the evolving demands of modern data center networks (DCNs). For customers requiring25G Top-of-Rack (TOR) switches, theCE6881is the ideal choice.Key details about the models mentioned:

CE6820:A lower-end switch that does not support 25G ports.

CE6870:Primarily supports 10G and 40G ports, not 25G.

CE6881:Specifically designed for 25G access and 100G uplinks, making it suitable for AI-era DCNs.

CE6863E:Focuses on high-density 100G/400G switching, not 25G TOR requirements.

TheCE6881aligns perfectly with the need for 25G TOR switches, enabling higher bandwidth and scalability for AI and cloud workloads.

Wired and wireless convergence is a key trend in modern campus networks, enabling unified management and seamless connectivity across wired and wireless devices. Huawei switches equippedwithWireless Access Controller (WAC) cardsintegrate wired and wireless functions into a single platform. This integration provides:

Hardware-level convergence:Combines switching and wireless control capabilities in one device.

Software-level convergence:Enables centralized management, policy enforcement, and traffic optimization for both wired and wireless networks.

This approach simplifies network architecture, reduces costs, and improves operational efficiency, making it a preferred solution for converged campus networks.

HuaweiWLAN solutionssupport multiple networking modes to adapt to different enterprise requirements:

(A) Independent Fat AP Networking (True):Each AP operatesindependentlywithout a Wireless Access Controller (WAC). Suitable forsmall-scale networks.

(B) Cloud Management Networking (True):UsesHuawei CloudCampusto manage APs remotely viaiMaster NCE-Campus. Ideal forlarge, multi-branch enterprises.

(C) WAC + Fit AP Networking (True):CentralizedWAC (Wireless Access Controller)managesFit APs, optimizing performance and security.

(D) AC-Free Self-Networking of the Leader AP (True):Aleader APacts as a mini-controller, managing other APs without a WAC. Used insmall to medium networks.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Study Guide, WLAN Networking Modes

Autonomous Driving Network (ADN) Levels:

The ADN standard defines six levels (L0 to L5), ranging from manual operations (L0) to fully autonomous operations (L5).

Highest Level (L5):

AtL5, the network achieves full autonomy, capable of self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing without human intervention.

Conclusion:The statement is TRUE because the highest level of the ADN standard is indeed L5: full autonomous network.

HuaweiSD-WAN architectureconsists of:

Physical Underlay Network:

Composed ofMPLS, Internet, or LTE links.

Providesbasic connectivitybetween branches and data centers.

Virtual Overlay Network:

Usestunnels (IPSec, GRE, VXLAN)to createlogical connectionsbetween sites.

Completely decoupledfrom thephysical underlay, enabling flexible traffic management.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Study Guide, SD-WAN Architecture

Geographic Redundancy in SD-WAN Controllers:

Huawei's SD-WAN solution provides geographic redundancy to ensure high availability and disaster recovery.

Analysis of Each Statement:

Option A:This is correct. The active and standby clusters share the same domain name or IP address, enabling seamless failover during an active/standby switchover.

Option B:This is correct. Geographic redundancy requires the active and standby clusters to have the same number of nodes to ensure balanced performance.

Option C:This is correct. Huawei's SD-WAN solution supports only one active cluster and one standby cluster for geographic redundancy.

Option D:This is incorrect. While the active and standby clusters synchronize data in real time, only the active cluster provides services. The standby cluster remains idle until a failover occurs.

Conclusion:The FALSE statement is Option D.

Understanding Antenna Gain:

Antenna gain refers to the ability of an antenna to focus or direct radio frequency (RF) energy in a specific direction. Higher gain antennas provide stronger signals and extended coverage in the direction they are focused.

Impact on AP Selection:

In scenarios where long-range coverage or better signal strength is required, an AP with a higher antenna gain (within regulatory limits) is preferred.

However, it is important to ensure that the antenna gain complies with the regulatory requirements of the country where it is deployed.

Conclusion:The statement is TRUE because higher antenna gain improves signal strength and coverage, making such APs desirable for specific use cases.

Huawei'sS6730-H24X6CandS6730-H48X6Cswitches are part of the CloudEngine S series and are designed for high-performance campus networks. These models supportsix fixed 100GE uplink ports,eliminating the need for additional subcards to expand uplink capacity. This design offers several advantages:

Higher reliability:Fixed ports reduce points of failure compared to modular subcards.

Simplified deployment:No need for additional hardware or configuration.

Better performance:Optimized for high-speed connectivity and scalability.

Non-Huawei switches that rely on subcards may face limitations in terms of reliability and flexibility, making Huawei's fixed-port design a competitive advantage.

MACsec (Media Access Control Security) is a Layer 2 encryption protocol that ensures secure communication between devices in a network. It provides data confidentiality, integrity, and replay protection at the Ethernet layer.

The following models in the Huawei CloudEngine S6730 series support MACsec:

S6730-H48X6C : This switch supports MACsec on its high-speed ports, ensuring secure communication for critical applications.

S6730-H24X6C : Similar to the H48X6C, this model also supports MACsec, making it suitable for environments requiring robust security.

S6730-H24X4Y4C : This model also includes MACsec support, providing advanced security features for enterprise networks.

However, the S6730-S24X6Q does not support MACsec. It is designed for scenarios where Layer 2 encryption is not a primary requirement.

Thus, the correct answers are A , B , and D .

AMAC (Media Access Control) addressis a48-bit unique identifierassigned to network interfaces for communications at the data link layer. It is typically written inhexadecimal format(base-16), which consists of numbers (0-9) and letters (A-F).

Example formats:

Dash-separated:00-21-0A-B9-DC-79

Colon-separated:00:21:0A:B9:DC:79

Continuous:00210AB9DC79

Other options are incorrect:

(A) Decimal – False:MAC addresses are not expressed in decimal format.

(B) Octal – False:Octal (base-8) is not used for MAC addresses.

(D) Binary – False:While MAC addresses are ultimately stored asbinary, they are not presented in this format for human readability.

The Huawei CE6863E-48S6CQ switch supports hardware-based Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD), which enables rapid fault detection in the network. However, the claim that the minimum packet sending interval is 3.3 seconds is incorrect.

Hardware-based BFD typically supports much shorter intervals, often in the range of milliseconds (e.g., 3.3 ms, not 3.3 seconds). This ensures fast detection of link failures and minimizes downtime.

Thus, the statement is FALSE due to the incorrect interval value.

Huawei AirEngine 5762-12is a Wi-Fi 6 AP designed for enterprise networks.

Key specifications:

Supports a maximum device rate of 5.95 Gbps (not 2.975 Gbps)

Does not include a USB port

Supports the leader AP featurefor intelligent network management

Equipped with two GE (Gigabit Ethernet) uplink ports, ensuring high-speed connectivity and redundancy.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Documentation – AirEngine 5762-12 Datasheet

Huawei offers acomprehensive enterprise security portfolio, including:

(A) AntiDDoS (True):Protects againstDistributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks.

(B) Modular Firewall (True):Providesscalable, high-performance securityfor enterprise networks.

(C) SecoManager Security Controller (True):Acentralized security management platform.

(D) Desktop Firewall (False):Notpart of Huawei’s enterprise security product portfolio.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Study Guide, Huawei Security Products Overview

A Wide Area Network (WAN) is designed to span large geographical areas, such as cities, regions, or even countries. WANs enable long-distance communication and are typically used to connect multiple Local Area Networks (LANs) or Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs). They rely on technologies like MPLS, SD-WAN, and leased lines to provide connectivity over vast distances.

The description provided in the question accurately reflects the characteristics and purpose of a WAN. Therefore, the statement is TRUE .

Understanding SRv6 Support in AR Routers:

SRv6 (Segment Routing over IPv6) is a next-generation networking technology that simplifies traffic engineering and improves scalability in WANs.

Analysis of Each Model:

AR6300:This high-end AR router supports SRv6, making it suitable for advanced SD-WAN and WAN deployments.

AR6140E:This model does not support SRv6.

AR8140:This model also does not support SRv6.

None of the above:This is incorrect because the AR6300 supports SRv6.

Conclusion:The correct answer is Option A, as the AR6300 supports SRv6.

Understanding SRv6 Capabilities:

SRv6 (Segment Routing over IPv6) is a next-generation networking technology that enables flexible traffic engineering and seamless traversal across different types of private lines.

Huawei NetEngine AR821 E Support for SRv6:

TheNetEngine AR821 Erouter supports SRv6, making it suitable for SD-WAN andWAN deployments where traffic optimization and path control are critical.

Conclusion:The statement is TRUE because SRv6 can traverse all types of private lines, and the NetEngine AR821 E supports SRv6.

TheHuawei NetEngine AR6100 seriesis a line ofenterprise-class SD-WAN routersdesigned for:

Small- and medium-sized branch offices, offeringcost-effectiveconnectivity.

Supports SD-WAN featuresforintelligent traffic steering, application acceleration, and cloud access.

Integrates security functions, includingfirewalls, IPS, and VPNs, forbranch security.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Study Guide, Huawei NetEngine AR Series Overview

Overview of Huawei Wi-Fi 6 Technologies:

Huawei Wi-Fi 6 incorporates several innovative technologies to enhanceperformance, reliability, and user experience in wireless networks.

Explanation of Each Technology:

SmartRadio for Air Interface Optimization:This technology optimizes air interface efficiency, improving throughput and reducing interference.

Intelligent multimedia scheduling:Ensures prioritized delivery of voice, video, and other critical services, enhancing user experience.

Industry-leading smart antennas:Provide better signal coverage and capacity by dynamically adjusting beamforming directions.

AI roaming steering:Uses artificial intelligence to predict and optimize client roaming behavior, ensuring seamless connectivity.

Conclusion:All four options are advantageous technologies of Huawei Wi-Fi 6.

TheCloudEngine 16800 seriesis Huawei's flagship data center switch lineup, designed for high-performance, scalable, and reliable networking in modern data centers. The mainstream models in this series include:

CloudEngine 16812:A high-density switch with 12 line cards, supporting up to 576 x 400GE ports.

CloudEngine 16816:The largest model in the series, with 16 line cards, supporting up to 768 x 400GE ports.

CloudEngine 16804:A compact model with 4 line cards, suitable for smaller deployments or edge data centers.

CloudEngine 16808:A mid-sized model with 8 line cards, balancing performance and scalability for medium to large data centers.

These models cater to a wide range of use cases, from small-scale deployments to hyperscale cloud environments.

The statement is incorrect because IP addresses function at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model, not the data link layer (Layer 2). At the data link layer, devices useMAC addresses(Media Access Control addresses) to identify each other. MAC addresses are unique identifiers assigned to network adapters and are defined by the IEEE 802 standard.While IP addresses are essential for routing data across networks, they are not directly related to the data link layer. Therefore, the claim that "the address that functions at the data link layer is called an IP address" is false.

IPsec (Internet Protocol Security)is theprimary encryption protocolused inHuawei's SD-WAN solutionforsecuring site-to-site and remote access connections.

Why not other options?

DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security)is mainly used forVPNsbut is not the primary encryption method in SD-WAN.

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)is used for web-based encryption butnot for SD-WANtunnels.

SSH (Secure Shell)is used forremote device management, not for encrypting SD-WAN traffic.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Documentation – SD-WAN Security & Encryption

MACsec(Media Access Control Security) is aLayer 2 security protocolthat provides end-to-end encryption for Ethernet frames. It ensuresconfidentiality, integrity, and authenticityof data on wired networks.

A (Service data encryption):Encrypts Ethernet frames to protect against eavesdropping.

B (Data frame integrity check):Prevents data tampering and corruption.

C (Replay protection):Detects and prevents replay attacks by using unique sequence numbers.

D (Data source authenticity verification):Ensures that received data is from a legitimate source by using cryptographic authentication.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Documentation – MACsec Features & Security Benefits

The Huawei datacom product line is indeed designed to cover six key domains:

Campus Network : Solutions for enterprise campus networks, including switches, Wi-Fi, and IoT integration.

Metro Router : Products tailored for metropolitan area networks (MANs), enabling high-speed connectivity in urban areas.

Data Center Network : Advanced solutions for modern data centers, including CloudFabric and AI Fabric.

Cyber Security : Comprehensive security solutions, including firewalls, intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS), and anti-DDoS products.

Network Management : Tools and platforms for managing and monitoring networks, such as iMaster NCE.

Backbone Router : High-performance routers for core networks, supporting large-scale data transmission across regions.

This categorization reflects Huawei's commitment to providing end-to-end networking solutions across various domains. The statement is therefore TRUE .

Huawei's Wi-Fi 6 solutions incorporate several advanced technologies to deliver superior performance, reliability, and user experience. Below is an explanation of each option:

SmartRadio for Air Interface Optimization : This technology optimizes the air interface by dynamically adjusting parameters such as channel allocation, power levels, and interference mitigation. It ensures efficient use of spectrum and improves overall network performance.

AI roaming steering : AI-driven roaming algorithms ensure seamless handover between APs, minimizing latency and packet loss during device movement. This is particularly important for applications like VoIP and video conferencing.

Intelligent multimedia scheduling : This feature prioritizes traffic for multimedia applications, ensuring smooth streaming and low latency for video, voice, and other real-time services.

Industry-leading smart antennas : Huawei's smart antenna technology enhances signal coverage and reduces interference, providing better connectivity in challenging environments like open spaces or areas with obstacles.

All four options represent key advantages of Huawei's Wi-Fi 6 solutions.

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:Huawei's wireless backhaul solution for rail transportation is designed to provide high reliability and low latency for mission-critical applications such as train control systems.

Option A: The handover delay in Huawei's solution can indeed be as low as 30 ms. This ensures seamless connectivity during transitions between base stations, which is crucial for real-time applications like train control signaling.

Option B: The solution supports carrying train control signal systems, ensuring safe and efficient operations.

Option C: This statement is incorrect. Huawei's wireless backhaul solution supports high-speed mobility, including trains traveling at speeds up to 160 km/h or higher, without losing connectivity.

Option D: Active-active links are a key feature of the solution, providing redundancy and ensuring high reliability even in challenging environments.

Multi-Campus network interconnection involves connecting multiple geographically dispersed campuses into a unified network. To meet the demands of such networks, the following service requirements must be addressed:

Manage LAN-side and WAN-side services in a unified manner : Unified management simplifies operations by providing a single interface to monitor and control both local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs).

Improve the network deployment efficiency and shorten the service provisioning period : Automation tools and software-defined networking (SDN) technologies help streamline deployment processes, reducing the time required to roll out new services.

Reduce the costs for WAN interconnection between branches : Cost optimization is achieved through efficient use of bandwidth, leveraging technologies like SD-WAN and traffic engineering to minimize expenses.

Improve the application identification capability and ensure the experience of key services : Advanced analytics and AI-driven insights enable precise application identification, prioritizing critical services to ensure optimal user experience.

Adopt a visualized method to simplify management and O&M : Visualization tools provide intuitive dashboards and real-time monitoring, making it easier to manage complex networks and troubleshoot issues.

All five options are valid service requirements for Multi-Campus network interconnection, making them all correct.

TheHuawei NetEngine 8000 MIA and NetEngine 8000 M6routers arecompact, high-performance routers, but their depth isnot220 mm.

These routers aredesigned for high-capacity edge computingwithultra-high-density interfaces.

The actual depthvaries by model and configurationbut exceeds220 mmdue tohigh-performance hardware requirements.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Study Guide, NetEngine 8000 Series Specifications

The Huawei CloudEngine S12700E series is a high-end modular switch designed for enterprise campus networks. Below are the explanations for each highlighted feature:

Ultra-large buffer and HQoS scheduling, delivering optimal user experience of key applications : The S12700E series features a large buffer and advanced Hierarchical Quality of Service (HQoS) scheduling, ensuring smooth performance for critical applications even under heavy traffic conditions.

Powerful slot forwarding capability, building Wi-Fi 6 high-speed channels : The switch supports high-speed forwarding capabilities, making it ideal for supporting Wi-Fi 6 networks and handling the increased bandwidth demands of modern applications.

Control and switching separation, on-demand configuration, and flexible capacity expansion : The S12700E adopts a control-switching separation architecture, allowing users to configure resources on demand and expand capacity flexibly as needed.

Redundancy design for key components, ensuring 99.999% reliability : The switch includes redundant power supplies, fans, and control boards, ensuring high availability and reliability for mission-critical environments.

All four options are valid highlight features of the CloudEngine S12700E series.

The statement contains several inaccuracies. Fat APs (Autonomous Access Points) are standalone devices that do not require a Wireless Access Controller (AC) to function. They are fully capable of managing their own configurations and operations independently.In contrast,Fit APs(Lightweight Access Points) rely on a centralized AC for management and configuration. While Fit APs offer centralized control and scalability, they require the deployment of an AC, which can increase costs. Fat APs are simpler to deploy in small-scale networks but may lack the advanced features and scalability of Fit APs.

The claim that Fat APs "need to work with an AC" is incorrect, making the entire statement false.

Enterprise networks are vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks, including:

Remote code execution:Attackers exploit vulnerabilities to execute malicious code on target systems, potentially gaining full control.

Cross-site attacks:Includes Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), where attackers manipulate web applications to steal data or perform unauthorized actions.

Command line injection:Attackers inject malicious commands into input fields, compromising system integrity.

Brute-force attacks:Attackers attempt to guess passwords or encryption keys through repeated trial-and-error attempts.

These attack methods highlight the importance of implementing robust security measures, such asfirewalls, intrusion detection/prevention systems, and regular patching.

To exchange routes between Autonomous Systems (ASs), BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is used. BGP is specifically designed for inter-AS routing and supports scalable and policy-based route distribution across large networks.

Static routing : Requires manual configuration and is not scalable for large networks.

IS-IS and OSPF : These are Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) used for intra-AS routing, not inter-AS routing.

Thus, the correct answer is B , as BGP is the standard protocol for inter-AS route exchange.

Large and midsize campus networks face unique challenges due to their scale, diversity of devices, and evolving service demands. Below is an analysis of each option:

Unknown threats must be detected and contained to prevent intrusion and spread : Security is a top priority in campus networks. Advanced threat detection mechanisms, such as AI-driven analytics and sandboxing, are essential to identify and mitigate unknown threats before they impact the network.

Diversified access terminals and services are calling for a converged network : Modern campus networks must accommodate a wide range of devices (e.g., smartphones, IoT devices, laptops) and services (e.g., voice, video, data). A converged network architecture simplifies management and ensures seamless connectivity across all devices.

As applications and services surge, the network needs to be automated to address the deployment and policy complexity : Automation tools, such as SDN and intent-driven networking (IDN), help streamline network deployment and policy enforcement, reducing manual intervention and minimizing errors.

Network O&M needs to be automated and intelligent to perceive user experience anytime and anywhere : Intelligent O&M solutions leverage AI and machine learning to monitor network performance, predict issues, and optimize user experience in real time.

All four options accurately describe the service requirements of large and midsize campus networks.

Overview of Audio and Video Service Assurance:

Huawei provides advanced mechanisms to ensure high-quality audio and video services in wireless networks, even under congestion.

Analysis of Each Statement:

Option A:This is incorrect. The correct default priority order isVI -> VO -> BE -> BK(Voice > Video > Best Effort > Background).

Option B:This is correct. Beacon frames can be used to instruct APs to suppress heavy-traffic users, ensuring fair resource allocation.

Option C:This is correct. Huawei's lab tests show that delays for voice and video services in congestion scenarios are56% lowerthan the industry average.

Option D:This is correct. The default scheduling priority order isVI -> VO -> BE -> BK.

Option E:This is incorrect. Heavy-traffic services are not automatically suppressed; suppression requires explicit configuration.

Conclusion:The correct statements are Options B, C, and D.

Overview of Huawei Campus Network Virtualization:

Huawei's campus network virtualization allows a single physical network to support multiple logical networks (VNs), enabling efficient resource utilization and simplified management.

Explanation of Each Capability:

One network carrying multiple services:This is a core feature of virtualization, where a single physical network supports multiple services (e.g., voice, video, data) through logical segmentation.

Automatic service policy delivery:Virtualization enables automated delivery of service policies to ensure consistent configuration across all devices in the network.

Automatic virtual network (VN) deployment:Huawei's solution automates the creation and deployment of virtual networks, reducing manual intervention and speeding up service provisioning.

Automatic physical network deployment:This is incorrect because physical network deployment typically involves manual setup and configuration, which cannot be fully automated.

Conclusion:The correct capabilities are Options A, B, and C.

The Huawei AC6805 is a high-performance wireless access controller designed for large-scale enterprise networks. It supports up to 120 Gbps of forwarding capacity, enabling it to handle high-density Wi-Fi deployments and demanding applications like video streaming and IoT.

The other options (60 Gbps, 40 Gbps, and 100 Gbps) do not match the specifications of the AC6805. While lower-end models in the AC series may have reduced forwarding rates, the AC6805 is specifically designed to deliver exceptional performance for large-scale networks.

Thus, the correct answer is A .

Classification of Data Centers (DCs):

Data centers are classified into categories such as small, midsize, large, and ultra-large based on the number of standard racks they house.

Rack Classification Criteria:

Small DC:Less than 500 racks.

Midsize DC:500-1000 racks.

Large DC:1000-3000 racks.

Ultra-large DC:3000-10000 racks.

Conclusion:A data center with 3000-10000 racks falls under theultra-large DCcategory.

Power Module Support in Huawei Switches:

Many Huawei switches are designed with dual power module slots to ensure redundancy and reliability. However, some lower-end models may not support this feature.

Analysis of Each Switch:

S5736-S24T4XC:This switch supports dual power modules for redundancy.

S5732-H:This switch also supports dual power modules.

S5731-S24P4X:This switch supports dual power modules.

S5735-L:This switch is a lower-end model anddoes not support dual power modules, making it less suitable for environments requiring high reliability.

Conclusion:The S5735-L series switch does not support two power modules.

Huawei'sdata center autonomous driving networkis classified asL3: conditional autonomous network. This level represents a significant advancement in network automation, where the system can handle most tasks autonomously but still requires human oversight for complex or exceptional scenarios.The levels of autonomous driving networks are defined as follows:

L0:Fully manual operations with no automation.

L1:Basic automation with assisted O&M tools.

L2:Partial autonomy, where some tasks are automated.

L3:Conditional autonomy, enabling self-driving capabilities under specific conditions.

L4:High autonomy, capable of handling nearly all tasks without human intervention.

Huawei's L3 implementation ensures efficient and reliable operations while maintaining flexibility for human intervention when needed.

Huawei firewalls come preconfigured with several default security zones, each serving a specific purpose:

DMZ (Demilitarized Zone):A buffer zone between the internal network and external networks, often used to host public-facing servers like web servers.

Local:Represents the firewall itself. Traffic destined for the firewall (e.g., management traffic) is associated with this zone.

Untrust:Represents external, untrusted networks such as the Internet. Security policies typically restrict traffic from this zone.

Trust:Represents internal, trusted networks. Traffic within this zone is generally considered safe.

These zones form the foundation of firewall security policies, allowing administrators to control traffic flows between different parts of the network.

Hyper-converged data center network solutions emphasize automation across the entire lifecycle, from deployment to operations. Below is an analysis of each option:

100% unleashing of computing power : While automation can optimize resource allocation, achieving 100% utilization of computing power is not directly tied to full-lifecycle automation.

TTM reduced by 90% : Full-lifecycle automation streamlines processes such as provisioning, configuration, and scaling, significantly reducing Time-to-Market (TTM). This is a direct benefit of automation.

Proactive prediction of 90% of faults : Proactive fault prediction is typically achieved through AI-driven analytics, not solely through automation.

Storage performance improved by 90% : Improvements in storage performance are more closely related to advancements in hardware (e.g., NVMe over Fabrics) and software optimizations, rather than automation.

Thus, the correct answer is B , as full-lifecycle automation primarily reduces TTM.

The Huawei NetEngine 8000 M6 series routers are designed for robust performance in various environmental conditions. For models with DC power supply , the normal operating temperature range is -20°C to +65°C .

Below is an explanation of the other options:

0°C to +45°C : This range is too narrow and does not reflect the router's actual capabilities.

-40°C to +65°C : This range applies to extreme environments and is typically associated with AC-powered models or specialized variants.

-20°C to +45°C : This range is incorrect for DC-powered models, as the upper limit is lower than the actual specification.

Thus, the correct answer is B , as the operating temperature for DC-powered NetEngine 8000 M6 routers is -20°C to +65°C .

Overview of IoT Integration in Huawei APs:

Huawei IoT APs support various methods to integrate IoT modules or functions, enabling unified management of Wi-Fi and IoT devices.

Explanation of Each Method:

Built-in IoT chip:Some Huawei APs come with built-in IoT chips, providing native support for IoT protocols like Zigbee, Bluetooth, or RFID.

USB interface:External IoT modules can be connected via the USB interface, allowing flexible integration of additional IoT functionalities.

PCIe interface:High-speed IoT modules can be integrated using the PCIe interface, offering enhanced performance and scalability.

PoE out port:While PoE out ports provide power to external devices, they do not directly integrate IoT modules or functions.

Conclusion:The correct methods are Options A, B, and C.

Huawei'sHybrid Optical-Electrical Cables 2.0provideboth data transmission and power supplyin asingle cable, enabling:

Ultra-long PoE+ power supply up to 600 meters, significantly extending traditional PoE+ limits (~100m).

Reduces the need for additional power outlets, simplifying deployment in large-scale campuses and outdoor scenarios.

Supports Wi-Fi 6 APs, cameras, and IoT devicesover long distances.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Study Guide, Hybrid Optical-Electrical Cables Section

HuaweiiMaster NCEis acentralized network management and control systemforSDN-capableandtraditionaldevices.

(A) True – SDN control via NETCONF/YANG:

iMaster NCE usesNETCONF(based on theYANG model) to manage and controlSDN-enableddevices, automating configuration and policy enforcement.

(B) True – SNMP for traditional devices:

Traditional network devices (non-SDN) are managed throughSNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), which provides device monitoring and basic configuration.

(C) False – No direct control through CU (Control Unit):

Huawei does not define aCUas an independent management entity in iMaster NCE. Instead, SDN-capable devices are controlled viaNETCONF/YANG, while traditional devices rely onSNMP.

????Reference:HCSA-Presales-IP Network Official Study Guide, iMaster NCE Overview Section