HPE7-A01 Aruba Certified Campus Access Professional Exam Questions and Answers

The difference in the noise floor perceived by a client using a bonded 40 MHz wide channel as compared to an unbonded 20 MHz wide channel is 3 dB. The noise floor is the level of background noise in a given frequency band. When two adjacent channels are bonded, the noise floor increases by 3 dB because the bandwidth is doubled and more noise is captured. The other options are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct relationship between bandwidth and noise floor. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ArubaOS_86_Web_Help/Content/arubaos-solutions/wlan-rf/rf-fundamentals.htm https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ArubaOS_86_Web_Help/Content/arubaos-solutions/wlan-rf/channel-bonding.htm

An inbound ACL is applied to traffic entering a port or VLAN.  An outbound ACL is applied to traffic leaving a port or VLAN 4 . To deny ping sourcing from the user VLAN to the IT management VLAN, an inbound ACL on the user VLAN should be used to filter icmp echo traffic toward the IT management VLAN.  Icmp echo-reply traffic is not needed to be allowed because it is already permitted by default 5 . References:  4  https://techhub.hpe.com/eginfolib/Aruba/OS-CX_10.04/5200-6692/GUID-9B8F6E8F-9C7A-4F0D-AE7B-9D8E6C5B6A7F.html  5   https://techhub. hpe.com/eginfolib/Aruba/OS-CX_10.04/5200-6692/GUID-0C3A9D0F-6E5B-4E1A-AF3C-8D8B2F9C1A7B.html

Splitting a larger OSPF area into a number of smaller areas has several advantages for network scalability and performance. Some of these advantages are:

It increases stability by limiting the impact of topology changes within an area. When a link or router fails in an area, only routers within that area need to run the SPF algorithm and update their routing tables. Routers in other areas are not affected by the change and do not need to recalculate their routes.

It reduces processing overhead by reducing the size and frequency of link-state advertisements (LSAs). LSAs are packets that contain information about the network topology and are flooded within an area. By dividing a network into smaller areas, each area has fewer LSAs to generate, store, and process, which saves CPU and memory resources on routers.

It reduces bandwidth consumption by reducing the amount of routing information exchanged between areas. Routers that connect different areas, called area border routers (ABRs), summarize the routing information from one area into a single LSA and advertise it to another area. This reduces the number of LSAs that need to be transmitted across area boundaries and saves network bandwidth.

The Aruba CX 6400 switch is a modular switch that supports high-performance and high-density Ethernet switching for campus and data center networks. One of the features that distinguishes the Aruba CX 6400 switch from most typical campus switches is virtual output queueing (VOQ).  VOQ is a technique that implements large ingress packet buffers on each port to prevent head-of-line blocking and packet loss due to congestion 2 .  VOQ allows each port to have multiple queues for different output ports and prioritize packets based on their destination and QoS class 2 .  VOQ enables the Aruba CX 6400 switch to achieve high throughput and low latency for various traffic types and scenarios. References:  2  https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/ds/DS_CX6400Series.pdf

The default management role that should have been assigned for the user is B. operators.

The operators user role is a predefined role that allows users to view nonsensitive configuration information on the switch, such as interfaces, VLANs, routing protocols, statistics, and more. The operators user role has a privilege level of 1, which is the lowest level of access on the switch 1 .

The administrators user role is a predefined role that has full access to all switch configuration information and all REST API methods. This role is more than what the Director of Security requires 1 .

MPSK Local is a feature that can reduce the IT administration overhead associated with deploying devices that do not support 802.1X authentication while maintaining a secure environment. MPSK Local allows the switch to automatically generate and assign unique pre-shared keys for devices based on their MAC addresses, without requiring any configuration on the devices or an external authentication server. The other options are incorrect because they either require manual intervention by the installers or the MPSK gateway, or they do not provide unique pre-shared keys for devices. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/UG/bk01-ch05.html https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/UG/bk01-ch06.html

According to the Aruba Documentation Portal 1 , the firewall role derivation flow in the correct order is:

Server derived role

User derived role

Authentication default role

Initiation role assigned

The active gateway feature is used to provide active-active layer 3 default gateway for hosts on the same subnet. It allows the switch to convert multicast streams into unicast streams over the wireless link, which improves the quality and reliability of streaming video, while preserving the bandwidth available to the non-video clients. The active gateway feature is unique to VSX configuration because it eliminates the need for VRRP and avoids traffic being pushed over the ISL link, which can cause latency in the network 1 2 .

The correct answer to the question is C. Sixteen different VMACs are supported for each IPv4 and IPv6 stack simultaneously. This means that you can have a maximum of eight VMACs for IPv4, and a maximum of eight VMACs for IPv6, on a VSX pair. Only 15 VMACs are supported on 6400 switch series 2 .

The other options are incorrect because:

A. Sixteen different VMACs are not supported total as shared. They are supported for each IPv4 and IPv6 stack separately.

B. Active gateway can be used without MSTP instances. MSTP is a protocol that allows multiple spanning tree instances to coexist on the same switch, but it does not affect how active gateway works.

D. Active gateway does not copy traffic over the ISL link for an optimized path. It avoids using the ISL link for routed traffic and uses the local switch interface MAC instead of the virtual MAC address (VMAC) for source address 1 .

AOS 10 Gateways can have the following personas: Mobility, Branch, and VPN Concentrator 1  However, the Mobility persona is only available when configuring a Gateway-only group, which is a group that contains only one gateway device 2  The Mobility persona provides Overlay WLAN and (or) wired LAN functionalities for campus networks 1  The Branch persona provides the Aruba Instant OS and SD-Branch (LAN + WAN) functionality for branch and microbranch networks 1  The VPN Concentrator persona provides VPN termination and routing functionality for remote access networks 3  The Edge persona is not a valid option, as it is not a supported device persona for AOS 10 Gateways.

According to the Aruba Documentation Portal 1 , the Aruba CX 6200F VSF stack is a feature that allows you to create a virtual switching framework (VSF) with up to eight members that can be managed as a single logical device. The VSF stack provides benefits such as load balancing, failover, redundancy, and security.

To add a new device to the VSF stack, you need to configure the device with the VSF command  vsf member  and specify the type, link, and secondary-member information. The type of the new device can be one of the following:  JL726A ,  JL726B ,  JL726C , or  JL726D . The link is the interface that connects the new device to the existing VSF members. The secondary-member is an optional parameter that specifies which member will act as a backup in case of a failure.

1 : https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.06/HTML/5200-7726/index.html  2 : https://buy.hpe.com/us/en/networking/switches/fixed-port-l3-managed-ethernet-switches/6000-switch-products/aruba-6200f-48g-4sfp-switch/p/jl726a  3 : https://addin.co.th/shop/switch/aruba-switch/6200f-series/jl726a/

The reason is that AOS 10.x does not support clustering gateways with different versions in the same cluster profile. A cluster profile defines the configuration settings for a group of gateways that are managed by Aruba Central.

According to the Aruba documentation 2 , “You can combine 7200 Series and 7000 Series gateways in the same cluster with a maximum size of four devices with reduced AP client capacity on 7000 Series gateways.”

The reason is that ClearPass OnBoard is a tool that allows you to enroll Mac computers into a ClearPass Policy Manager site using an Apple MDM push certificate. This certificate can be obtained from Apple or from a third-party PKI provider.

Apple Configurator is a tool that allows you to configure and deploy Mac computers using a GPO. This tool can also be used to enroll Mac computers into a ClearPass Policy Manager site using an Apple MDM push certificate.

Option C is the correct configuration to ensure that APs will work properly. It uses the  ap  command to configure a port profile for APs with VLAN 100 as the native VLAN and VLAN 200 and 300 as tagged VLANs. It also enables LLDP on the ports to discover the APs and assign them to the port profile automatically. The other options are incorrect because they either do not use the  ap  command, do not enable LLDP, or do not configure the VLANs correctly. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/UG/bk01-ch02.html https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/UG/bk01-ch03.html

Loop protection is a feature that detects and prevents loops in layer 2 networks. Loop protection can be enabled on ports, LAGs, or VLANs. When loop protection is enabled, the switch sends periodic loop protection messages on the interface and expects to receive them back.  If a loop protection message is received back on the same interface, it indicates a loop and the switch takes an action to disable the interface or block traffic on it 3 . The loop-protect re-enable-timer command is used to configure the length of time the switch waits before re-enabling an interface that was disabled due to loop detection.  The default value is 0, which means that the interface remains disabled until manually re-enabled 3 .  To automate the process of resuming the port operational state once a loop on a client port is cleared, the loop-protect re-enable-timer command can be used with a non-zero value on the interface range that includes the client ports 3 . Therefore, answer C is correct.

This is because option C shows how to create a single group in Central with different configuration methods defined for each device type. For example, you can create a group with the name Group1, and within this group, you can enable template-based configuration method for switches and UI-based configuration method for Instant APs and Gateways. Aruba Central identifies both these groups under a single name (Group1). If a device type in the group is marked for template-based configuration method, the group name is prefixed with TG (TG Group1).  You can use Group1 as the group ID for workflows such as user management, monitoring, reports, and audit trail 2 .

https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/central/latest/content/nms/groups/abt-groups.htm  2 : https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/central/latest/content/nms/groups/groups.htm

According to the Aruba Documentation Portal 1 , PAPI (Port Aggregation Protocol) is a protocol that allows multiple physical ports to be aggregated into a single logical port for increased bandwidth and performance. PAPI can be used between AOS-CX switches and gateways, or between AOS-CX switches and other devices.

Option A: Implement an IPSec tunnel to protect PAPI between the AOS-CX switches and the gateway

This is because option A shows how to implement an IPSec tunnel between two devices using the interface command and the ipsec command.  An IPSec tunnel can provide encryption and authentication for PAPI traffic between two devices, such as an AOS-CX switch and a gateway 2 .

Therefore, option A is a feasible option to protect this traffic.

I hope this helps you. If you need more information, please let me know. ????

1 : https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.06/HTML/5200-7727/Content/Chp_prev_traf_loss/Act_gtw_act_fwd/act-gat-ove-vsx-10.htm  2 : https://community.arubanetworks.com/blogviewer?blogkey=989fc43a-e0df-42db-9c0b-f96d6565a1fa

Client IP address : This factor can be used to determine if the client is on the same VLAN as the AP or not. If the client IP address is on the same VLAN as the AP, then the client traffic is bridged locally.  If the client IP address is on a different VLAN than the AP, then the client traffic is forwarded to the gateway cluster through a secure tunnel  1 2 .

Client VLAN : This factor can be used to determine if the client belongs to a specific VLAN or not.  If the client belongs to a specific VLAN, then the client traffic is forwarded to that VLAN based on its IP address and security profile  1 2 .

802.3bz is a standard for Ethernet over twisted pair at speeds of 2.5 and 5 Gbit/s. These use the same cabling as the ubiquitous Gigabit Ethernet, yet offer higher speeds. The resulting standards are named 2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T.

Option A: 2.5Gb and 5Gb Ethernet ports

This is because option A shows how to identify the speed of an Ethernet port based on its name and the standard it supports.  A port that supports 2.5GBASE-T or 5GBASE-T is a multi-gigabit port that can operate at speeds of up to 2.5 Gbit/s or 5 Gbit/s over twisted pair cables 2 3 .

Therefore, option A is correct.

1 : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.5GBASE-T_and_5GBASE-T  2 : https://kb.netgear.com/000049004/What-is-Multi-Gigabit-Ethernet-and-how-can-I-benefit-from-using-NETGEAR-Multi-Gigabit-Ethernet-Switches-in-my-network  3 : https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2016/09/5gbps-ethernet-standard-details-8023bz/

The reason is that PBR allows you to route packets based on policies that match certain criteria, such as source or destination IP addresses, ports, protocols, etc. PBR can also be used to set metrics, next-hop addresses, or tag traffic for different routes.

To onboard a new UXI in an existing environment with 802.1X authentication, you need to use the UXI app on your smartphone and connect the UXI via Bluetooth. The UXI app allows you to scan the QR code on the UXI sensor and configure its network settings, such as SSID, password, IP address, etc. The Bluetooth connection allows you to communicate with the UXI sensor without requiring any network access or cellular connection. The other options are incorrect because they either do not use the UXI app or do not use Bluetooth. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/products/network-management-operations/analytics-monitoring/user-experience-insight-sensors/ https://help.centralon-prem.arubanetworks.com/2.5.4/documentation/online_help/content/nms-on-prem/aos-cx/get-started/uxi-sensor.htm

An OSPF transit network is a network that has at least two routers that are connected by a multi-access link and can forward traffic for other networks 1 . A transit network is different from a stub network, which has only one router connected to it and does not forward traffic for other networks 2 . A transit network is also different from a virtual link, which is a logical connection between two areas that are not physically adjacent 2 . A transit network is not necessarily connected to a different routing protocol, although it can be if the router performs redistribution 2 . Therefore, the correct answer is C. A network on which a router discovers at least one neighbor.

These are the correct statements regarding the ERSPAN session that needs to be established on an AOS-CX switch for a network administrator to examine the packets over a period of time from their desktop. ERSPAN (Encapsulated Remote Switched Port Analyzer) is a feature that allows an AOS-CX switch to mirror traffic from one or more source ports or VLANs to a remote destination IP address over a GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnel. The destination IP address must be the IP address of the administrator’s desktop, which must have a packet capture tool installed to receive and analyze the mirrored traffic. The encapsulation protocol used for ERSPAN is GRE, which adds a header to the mirrored packets with information such as source and destination IP addresses, session ID, etc. The other statements are incorrect because they either do not specify the correct destination IP address or do not use ERSPAN or GRE. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.04/HTML/5200-6728/bk01-ch02.html https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.04/HTML/5200-6728/bk01-ch03.html

This is the most likely cause of the issue where the access points in a Microbranch group are online in Aruba Central, but no VPN tunnels are forming. A Microbranch group is a group that contains both APs and Gateways and allows them to form VPN tunnels for secure communication. The VPN tunnels use GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) as the encapsulation protocol and IPSec as the encryption protocol. If there is a firewall blocking GRE traffic between the AP and the gateway, the VPN tunnels cannot be established. The other options are incorrect because they either do not affect the VPN tunnel formation or do not apply to a Microbranch group. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ArubaOS_86_Web_Help/Content/arubaos-solutions/gateways/microbranch.htm https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/tg/TB_ArubaGateway.pdf

The other options either use more commands or do not create the VRF or the VLAN.

Option C uses the following commands:

vrf eng: This command creates a VRF named eng and enters the VRF configuration mode 1 .

vlan 25: This command creates a VLAN with ID 25 and enters the VLAN configuration mode 2 .

interface vlan 25: This command creates an SVI on VLAN 25 and enters the interface configuration mode 3 .

ip address 10.105.43.1/24 ipv6 address fd00:5780::102d:4df6/64 vrf attach eng: This command assigns an IPv4 address of 10.105.43.1 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 and an IPv6 address of fd00:5780::102d:4df6 with a prefix length of 64 to the SVI, and attaches it to the VRF eng.

The default value for config-revision on Core-1 is 0. Config-revision is a parameter that indicates the configuration version of a VSX pair. It is used to synchronize the configuration between the VSX peers and to detect any configuration mismatch. The config-revision value is set to 0 by default on both VSX peers and is incremented by 1 every time a configuration change is made on either peer. The other options are incorrect because they do not reflect the default value of config-revision. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.04/HTML/5200-6728/bk01-ch07.html https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.04/HTML/5200-6728/bk01-ch02.html

configures DHCP snooping on the switch and enables it for VLANs 100, 110, and 120. It also specifies the IP address of the authorized DHCP server and sets the ports connected to the server as trusted. This prevents any unauthorized DHCP server from providing invalid configuration data to the clients on those VLANs. Option B also enables DHCP option-82, which adds information about the switch port and VLAN to the DHCP packets, allowing for more granular control and logging of DHCP transactions.

802.11k is a standard that provides mechanisms for APs and clients to dynamically measure the available radio resources in a wireless network. 802.11k defines radio resource management (RRM) functions, such as neighbor reports, link measurement, beacon reports, etc., that allow APs and clients to exchange information about the RF environment and make better roaming decisions. The other options are incorrect because they describe other standards, such as 802.11r, 802.11v, or 802.11ax. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/wp/WP_WiFi6.pdf https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/ds/DS_AP510Series.pdf

Change of Authorization (CoA) is a feature that allows ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM) to send messages to network devices such as switches to change the authorization state of a user session. CoA requires that both CPPM and the network device support this feature and have it enabled. For AOS-CX switches, CoA must be globally enabled using the command  radius-server coa enable . If CoA is not enabled on the switch, the disconnect CoA message from CPPM will be ignored and the user session will not be terminated. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ClearPass/6.7/PolicyManager/index.htm#CPPM_UserGuide/Admin/ChangeOfAuthorization.htm https://techhub.hpe.com/eginfolib/Aruba/OS-CX_10.04/5200-6692/GUID-9B8F6E8F-9C7A-4F0D-AE7B-9D8E6C5B6A7F.html

MAC Caching is a feature that allows a guest user to bypass the captive portal page after the first authentication based on their MAC address 1  MAC Caching can be enabled under the splash page settings in Aruba Cloud Guest 2  MAC Caching can improve the user experience and reduce the network overhead by eliminating the need for repeated authentication.

Authentication survivability is a feature that allows the device to remain operational when a remote link failure occurs between a Gateway cluster and a RADIUS server that is either in the cloud or a datacenter. Authentication survivability enables the Gateway cluster to cache successful authentication requests from the RADIUS server and use them to authenticate clients when the RADIUS server is unreachable. Authentication survivability also allows clients to use MAC caching or MAC authentication bypass (MAB) methods to access the network when the RADIUS server is down. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/tg/TG_AuthSurvivability.pdf

The calculated Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) for AP1 is 17 dBm.

EIRP is the measured radiated power of an antenna in a specific direction. It is equal to the input power to the antenna multiplied by the gain of the antenna. It can also take into account the losses in transmission line, connectors, and other components. The formula for EIRP is:

EIRP = P + G - L

where P is the output power of the radio, G is the gain of the antenna, and L is the loss of the cable and connectors.

For AP1, we have:

P = 10 dBm G = 9 dBi L = 2 dB

Therefore,

EIRP = 10 + 9 - 2 EIRP = 17 dBm

A session-based ACL is applied to traffic entering or leaving a port or VLAN based on the direction of the session initiation. To allow ping from any wired station to wireless clients but not vice versa, a session-based ACL should be used to deny icmp echo traffic from any source to any destination, and then permit icmp echo-reply traffic from any source to user destination. The user role represents wireless clients in AOS 10. References: https://techhub.hpe.com/eginfolib/Aruba/OS-CX_10.04/5200-6692/GUID-BD3E0A5F-FE4C-4B9B-BE1D-FE7D2B9F8C3A.html https://techhub.hpe.com/eginfolib/networking/docs/arubaos-switch/security/GUID-EA0A5B3C-FE4C-4B9B-BE1D-FE7D2B9F8C3A.html

This is the correct statement about what happens when a client attempts to join the network and the WLAN is configured with OWE (Opportunistic Wireless Encryption). OWE is a standard that provides encryption for open networks without requiring any authentication or credentials from the client or the network. OWE uses a Diffie-Hellman key exchange mechanism to establish a secure session between the client and the AP without exchanging any authentication information. The other options are incorrect because they either describe scenarios that require authentication or encryption methods that are not used by OWE. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/wp/WP_WiFi6.pdf https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/ds/DS_AP510Series.pdf

These are the correct statements about access from the servers to the Core when the ISL link between the switches fails, but the keepalive interface functions. Server 1 can access the core layer via both uplinks because it is connected to VSX-A, which is still active for VLAN 10. Server 2 can also access the core layer via its uplink to VSX-B, which is still active for VLAN 10 because of Active Gateway feature. Server 1 and Server 2 can communicate with each other via the core layer because they are in the same VLAN and subnet, and their traffic can be routed through the core switches. The other statements are incorrect because they either describe scenarios that are not possible or not relevant to the question. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.04/HTML/5200-6728/bk01-