NSE8_812 Network Security Expert 8 Written Exam Questions and Answers

https://help.fortinet.com/fddos/4-3-0/FortiDDoS/Built_in_bypass.htm

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.1/administration-guide/834664/route-leaking-between-vrfs-with-bgp

The customer wants to deploy a solution to authenticate the clients connected to a hardware switch interface of a FortiGate 400E device. A hardware switch interface is an interface that combines multiple physical interfaces into one logical interface, allowing them to act as a singleswitch with one IP address and one set of security policies. The customer wants to use 802.1X authentication for this solution, which is a standard protocol for port-based network access control (PNAC) that authenticates clients based on their credentials before granting them access to network resources. One condition that allows authentication to the client devices before assigning an IP address is that devices connected directly to ports 3 and 4 can perform 802.1X authentication. This is because ports 3 and 4 are part of the hardware switch interface named “lan”, which has an IP address of 10.10.10.254/24 and an inbound SSL inspection profile named “ssl-inspection”. The inbound SSL inspection profile enables the FortiGate device to intercept and inspect SSL/TLS traffic from clients before forwarding it to servers, which allows it to apply security policies and features such as antivirus, web filtering, application control, etc. However, before performing SSL inspection, the FortiGate device needs to authenticate the clients using 802.1X authentication, which requires the clients to send their credentials (such as username and password) to the FortiGate device over a secure EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) channel. The FortiGate device then verifies the credentials with an authentication server (such as RADIUS or LDAP) and grants or denies access to the clients based on the authentication result. Therefore, devices connected directly to ports 3 and 4 can perform 802.1X authentication before assigning an IP address. Another condition that allows authentication to the client devices before assigning an IP address is that client devices must have 802.1X authentication enabled. This is because 802.1X authentication is a mutual process that requires both the client devices and the FortiGate device to support and enable it. The client devices must have 802.1X authentication enabled in their network settings, which allows them to initiate the authentication process when they connect to the hardware switch interface of the FortiGate device. The client devices must also have an 802.1X supplicant software installed, which is a program that runs on the client devices and handles the communication with the FortiGate device using EAP messages. The client devices must also have a trusted certificate installed, which is used to verify the identity of the FortiGate device and establish a secure EAP channel. Therefore, client devices must have 802.1X authentication enabled before assigning an IP address. References: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/administration-guide/19662/hardware-switch-interfaces https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/administration-guide/19662/802-1x-authentication

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.2.0/new-features/959502/support-802-1x-on-virtual-switch-for-certain-np6-platforms

C. The IP address of the FortiSwitch is 10.12.240.2:This statement is correct based on the exhibit and your clarification. The exhibit lists the "IP Address" as 10.12.240.2 across multiple entries, including ports and VLANs associated with the device "sup-fgt-hw" (FortiSwitch). Your reasoning indicates that this IP is the management address of the FortiSwitch, as it is consistently shown as the IP for the device containing the ports. In Fortinet’s architecture, as described in the NSE 8 study guide, the management IP of a FortiSwitch is typically configured and visible in such configurations, especially when integrated with FortiGate and FortiNAC. The "Device" column labeling "sup-fgt-hw" further supports that this is the FortiSwitch, and the IP 10.12.240.2 is its management address. This aligns with FortiSwitch management and integration details in the NSE 8 study guide.

D. An unknown host is connected to port3:This statement is correct as the exhibit highlights port3 under the "Name" column for the device "sup-fgt-hw" with a "Rogue Host" status in the "Connection" column, an IP address of 10.12.240.2, a Default VLAN of 100, and an Operational Status of "Link Up." In FortiNAC, a "Rogue Host" indicates an unknown or unauthorized device connected to the network, which FortiNAC identifies for further action or isolation. This is consistent with FortiNAC’s capabilities for detecting and classifying unknown devices, as detailed in the NSE 8 study guide under network access control and rogue device detection.

Why A and B are incorrect:

A. A device that is modeled in FortiNAC is connected on VLAN_4093: This is incorrect based on your clarification that there is no device connected on that port—it is simply the default VLAN (4093) for that entry. The exhibit shows VLAN_4093 with a "Not Connected" status and "Link Up" operational status, but no active device connection is indicated. The NSE 8 study guide emphasizes that FortiNAC requires an active connection and device profiling for a device to be considered "connected," which is not evident here for VLAN_4093.

B. Port8 is connected to a FortiGate in FortiLink mode: This is incorrect because the exhibit shows port8 with a "Learned Uplink" status, which, as you noted, refers to any kind of uplink and does not specifically indicate FortiLink mode. FortiLink mode is a specific configuration between FortiGate and FortiSwitch requiring explicit settings, which are not mentioned or implied in the exhibit. The NSE 8 study guide clarifies that FortiLink mode involves distinct configuration details (e.g., FortiLink interfaces), which are absent here.

Fortinet Network Security Expert 8 Study Guide References:

FortiNAC 7.2 Admin Guide (NSE 8): Sections on Device Visibility, VLAN Management, and Rogue Device Detection.

FortiSwitch 7.2 Admin Guide (NSE 8): Sections on FortiLink Configuration, Network Segmentation, and Management IP Configuration.

FortiGate 7.2 Admin Guide (NSE 8): Sections on Integration with FortiNAC and FortiSwitch for Network Security.

A is correct because the error message "The CRL is not accessible" indicates that the root FortiGate cannot access the CRL for the FortiClient EMS server. Verifying that the CRL is accessible will fix this error.

D is correct because the error message "The FortiClient EMS server is not authorized" indicates that the root FortiGate is not authorized to connect to the FortiClient EMS server. Authorizing the root FortiGate on the FortiClient EMS server will fix this error.

The other options are incorrect. Option B is incorrect because exporting and importing the FortiClient EMS server certificate to the root FortiGate will not fix the CRL error. Option C is incorrect because installing a new known CA on the Win2K16-EMS server will not fix the authorization error.

References:

Troubleshooting FortiClient EMS connectivity | FortiClient / FortiOS 7.0.0 - Fortinet Document Library

Authorizing FortiGates with FortiClient EMS | FortiClient / FortiOS 6.4.8 - Fortinet Document Library

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/administration-guide/185333/forticlient-ems%E2%80%9D

B must be set to enable mode-cfg, which is required for injecting IKE routes on the ADVPN shortcut tunnels.

D must be set to enable add-route, which is the command that actually injects the IKE routes.

E must be set to enable mode-cfg-allow-client-selector, which allows custom phase 2 selectors to be configured.

The other options are incorrect. Option A is incorrect because net-device disable is not required for injecting IKE routes on the ADVPN shortcut tunnels. Option C is incorrect because IKE version 1 is not supported for ADVPN.

References:

Phase 2 selectors and ADVPN shortcut tunnels | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0

Configuring SD-WAN/ADVPN with FortiGate | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0

ZTNA supports SSH connection rules that allow remote workers to access SSH servers inside the network through an HTTPS tunnel between the client and the access proxy (FortiGate). The access proxy acts as an SSH client to connect to the real SSH server on behalf of the user, and performs host-key validation to verify the identity of the server. The user can use any SSH client that supports HTTPS proxy settings, such as PuTTY or OpenSSH. References:https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/ztna-deployment/899992/configuring-ztna-rules-to-control-access

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.4.1/administration-guide/29927/ztna-ssh-access-proxy-example

The MTA adapter feature on FortiSandbox is a feature that allows FortiSandbox to act as a mail transfer agent (MTA) that can receive, inspect, and forward email messages from external sources. The MTA adapter feature can be used to integrate FortiSandbox with third-party email security solutions that do not support direct integration with FortiSandbox, such as Microsoft Exchange Server or Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA). The MTA adapter feature can also be used to enhance email security by adding an additional layer of inspection and filtering before delivering email messages to the final destination. The MTA adapter feature can be enabled on FortiSandbox in an HA-Cluster, which is a configuration that allows two FortiSandbox units to synchronize their settings and data and provide high availability and load balancing for sandboxing services. However, one statement about this solution that is true is that the MTA adapter is only available in the primary node. This means that only one FortiSandbox unit in the HA-Cluster can act as an MTA and receive email messages from external sources, while the other unit acts as a backup node that can take over the MTA role if the primary node fails or loses connectivity. This also means that only one IP address or FQDN can be used to configure the external sources to send email messages to the FortiSandbox MTA, which is the IP address or FQDN of the primary node. References: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortisandbox/3.2.0/administration-guide/19662/mail-transfer-agent-mta https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortisandbox/3.2.0/administration-guide/19662/high-availability-ha

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortisandbox/4.4.3/administration-guide/877925/mta-adapter

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.4.1/administration-guide/810981/sd-wan-segmentation-over-a-single-overlay

https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-How-to-perform-zero-touch-provisioning-with/ta-p/197623

According to the exhibit, the SD-WAN configuration has two rules: one for traffic to 10.1.100.0/24 subnet, and one for traffic to 10.1.100.16/28 subnet. The first rule uses the best quality strategy, which selects the SD-WAN member with the best measured quality based on performance SLA metrics. The second rule uses the manual strategy, which specifies port1 as the SD-WAN member to select. Therefore, if an internal user pings 10.1.100.2 and 10.1.100.22 from subnet 172.16.205.0/24, the outgoing interfaces will be port16 and port1 respectively, assuming that port16 has the best quality among the SD-WAN members. References:https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.14/cookbook/218559/configuring-the-sd-wan-interface

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.2.8/administration-guide/686587/ecmp-support-for-the-longest-match-in-sd-wan-rule-matching

D is correct because Spoke1 will establish an ADVPN shortcut to Spoke2 when it detects that there is a demand for traffic between them. This is explained in the Fortinet Community article on Technical Tip: Fortinet Auto Discovery VPN (ADVPN) under Summary - ADVPN sequence of events. References:https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-Fortinet-Auto-Discovery-VPN-ADVPN/ta-p/195698

To retrieve an SSO group called SalesGroup using the FortiAuthenticator REST API, the following issues need to be fixed in the API call:

The API version should be v2, not v1, as SSO groups are only supported in version 2 of the REST API.

The HTTP method should be GET, not POST, as GET is used to retrieve information from the server, while POST is used to create or update information on the server. Therefore, a correct API call would look like this: curl -X GET -H “Authorization: Bearer ” https://fac.example.com/api/v2/sso/groups/SalesGroup References: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortiauthenticator/6.4.1/rest-api-solution-guide/927310/introduction https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortiauthenticator/6.4.1/rest-api-solution-guide/927311/sso-groups

FortiGate NAC LAN Segments are a feature that allows users to assign different VLANs to different LAN segments without changing the IP address of hosts or bouncing the switch port. This provides physical isolation while maintaining firewall sessions and avoiding DHCP issues. One benefit of using FortiGate NAC LAN Segments is that it allows for assignment of dynamic address objects matching NAC policy. This means that users can create firewall policies based on dynamic address objects that match the NAC policy criteria, such as device type, OS type, MAC address, etc. This simplifies firewall policy management and enhances security by applying different security profiles to different types of devices.References:https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/new-features/856212/nac-lan-segments-7-0-1

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/new-features/856212/nac-lan-segments-7-0-1

A is correct because the automatically created trunk name is based on the MAC address of the FortiSwitch unit. When the FortiSwitch unit is replaced, the MAC address will change, but the trunk name will not change.

B is correct because CLAG-ICL is a manually configured link aggregation group. When the FortiSwitch unit is replaced, the CLAG-ICL configuration will need to be manually reconfigured on the new FortiSwitch unit.

The other options are incorrect. Option C is incorrect because the automatically created trunk name does not change when the FortiSwitch unit is replaced. Option D is incorrect because MCLAG-ICL is a manually configured link aggregation group and will not be automatically reconfigured when the FortiSwitch unit is replaced.

References:

Configuring link aggregation on FortiSwitches | FortiSwitch / FortiOS 7.0.4 - Fortinet Document Library

Managing FortiLink | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.0.4 - Fortinet Document Library

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortiswitch/7.0.8/devices-managed-by-fortios/173284/replacing-a-managed-fortiswitch-unit