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SAP-C02 AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional Questions and Answers

Questions 4

A company migrated its antivirus solution for 10,000 Amazon EC2 instances to a new software as a service SaaS solution. Fewer than 5% of instances reported in the new SaaS agent. The company suspects that either the new agent failed to load or the new agent’s configuration was altered. The company needs to implement a solution to ensure that all instances consistently run the most recent agent version with a predefined configuration.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function that is invoked on a schedule. Store a machine list in Amazon S3. Configure the Lambda function to log in to every machine, download and install the most recent version of the agent, and configure the agent.

B.

Implement an AWS Config rule with auto remediation that uses AWS Lambda for noncompliant events. Develop a Lambda function to access machines and download and install the most recent agent version. Schedule the Lambda function to invoke daily.

C.

Create an AWS Systems Manager document that defines the agent installation and configuration process. Configure AWS Systems Manager State Manager to associate the document with EC2 instances. Apply the desired state on a daily schedule.

D.

Log in to EC2 instances by using AWS Systems Manager Session Manager. Update the EC2 user data script to download and install the most recent agent and configure the agent. Reboot all EC2 instances to ensure that the script applies successfully.

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Questions 5

A company hosts a VPN in an on-premises data center. Employees currently connect to the VPN to access files in their Windows home directories. Recently, there has been a large growth in the number of employees who work remotely. As a result, bandwidth usage for connections into the data center has begun to reach 100% during business hours.

The company must design a solution on AWS that will support the growth of the company ' s remote workforce, reduce the bandwidth usage for connections into the data center, and reduce operational overhead.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Storage Gateway Volume Gateway. Mount a volume from the Volume Gateway to the on-premises file server.

B.

Migrate the home directories to Amazon FSx for Windows File Server.

C.

Migrate the home directories to Amazon FSx for Lustre.

D.

Migrate remote users to AWS Client VPN

E.

Create an AWS Direct Connect connection from the on-premises data center to AWS.

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Questions 6

A company uses a load balancer to distribute traffic to Amazon EC2 instances in a single Availability Zone. The company is concerned about security and wants a solutions architect to re-architect the solution to meet the following requirements:

•Inbound requests must be filtered for common vulnerability attacks.

•Rejected requests must be sent to a third-party auditing application.

•All resources should be highly available.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure a Multi-AZ Auto Scaling group using the application ' s AMI. Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and select the previously created Auto Scaling group as the target. Use Amazon Inspector to monitor traffic to the ALB and EC2 instances. Create a web ACL in WAF. Create an AWS WAF using the web ACL and ALB. Use an AWS Lambda function to frequently push the Amazon Inspector report to the third-party auditing application.

B.

Configure an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and add the EC2 instances as targets Create a web ACL in WAF. Create an AWS WAF using the web ACL and ALB name and enable logging with Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Use an AWS Lambda function to frequently push the logs to the third-party auditing application.

C.

Configure an Application Load Balancer (ALB) along with a target group adding the EC2 instances as targets. Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose with the destination of the third-party auditing application. Create a web ACL in WAF. Create an AWS WAF using the web ACL and ALB then enable logging by selecting the Kinesis Data Firehose as the destination. Subscribe to AWS Managed Rules in AWS Marketplace, choosing the WAF as the subscriber.<

D.

Configure a Multi-AZ Auto Scaling group using the application ' s AMI. Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and select the previously created Auto Scaling group as the target. Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose with a destination of the third-party auditing application. Create a web ACL in WAF. Create an AWS WAF using the WebACL and ALB then enable logging by selecting the Kinesis Data Firehose as the destination. Subscribe to AWS

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Questions 7

A company is using an Amazon ECS cluster to run a data-processing application. Different business groups share ECS services in the ECS cluster. The ECS cluster runs on Amazon EC2 instances. ECS cluster auto scaling is enabled.

The company needs to assign EC2 costs of ECS tasks to the appropriate business groups.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create a cost allocation tag on the EC2 Auto Scaling group to indicate the business group. Use AWS Cost Explorer to assign EC2 costs to the appropriate business group.

B.

Enable split cost allocation data in AWS Cost Explorer. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report that uses tags to assign EC2 costs to the appropriate business group.

C.

Create a separate ECS cluster for each business group. Use AWS Cost Explorer to assign EC2 costs to the appropriate business group.

D.

Create an AWS cost category for each business group. Define split charge rules for the ECS cluster for the business groups. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report.

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Questions 8

A company has multiple lines of business (LOBs) that toll up to the parent company. The company has asked its solutions architect to develop a solution with the following requirements

• Produce a single AWS invoice for all of the AWS accounts used by its LOBs.

• The costs for each LOB account should be broken out on the invoice

• Provide the ability to restrict services and features in the LOB accounts, as defined by the company ' s governance policy

• Each LOB account should be delegated full administrator permissions regardless of the governance policy

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements ' ? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Use AWS Organizations to create an organization in the parent account for each LOB Then invite each LOB account to the appropriate organization

B.

Use AWS Organizations to create a single organization in the parent account Then, invite each LOB ' s AWS account lo join the organization.

C.

Implement service quotas to define the services and features that are permitted and apply the quotas to each LOB. as appropriate

D.

Create an SCP that allows only approved services and features then apply the policy to the LOB accounts

E.

Enable consolidated billing in the parent account ' s billing console and link the LOB accounts

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Questions 9

A company is building an image service on the web that will allow users to upload and search random photos. At peak usage, up to 10.000 users worldwide will upload their images. The service will then overlay text on the uploaded images, which will then be published on the company website.

Which design should a solutions architect implement?

Options:

A.

Store the uploaded images in Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS). Send application log information about each image to Amazon CloudWatch Logs Create a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that use CloudWatch Logs to determine which images need to be processed Place processed images in another directory in Amazon EFS. Enable Amazon CloudFront and configure the origin to be the one of the EC2 instances in the fleet

B.

Store the uploaded images in an Amazon S3 bucket and configure an S3 bucket event notification to send a message to Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) Create a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) to pull messages from Amazon SNS to process the images and place them in Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) Use Amazon CloudWatch metrics for the SNS message volume to scale out EC2 instances. E

C.

Store the uploaded images in an Amazon S3 bucket and configure an S3 bucket event notification to send a message to the Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue Create a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances to pull messages from the SQS queue to process the images and place them in another S3 bucket. Use Amazon CloudWatch metncs for queue depth to scale out EC2 instances Enable Amazon CloudFront and configure the origin to be the S3 bucket t

D.

Store the uploaded images on a shared Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume amounted to a fleet of Amazon EC2 Spot instances. Create an AmazonDynamoDB table that contains information about each uploaded image and whether it has been processed Use an Amazon EventBndge rule to scale out EC2 instances. Enable Amazon CloudFront and configure the origin to reference an Elastic Load Balancer in front of the fleet of EC2 instances.

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Questions 10

Question:

A company needs to migratesome Oracle databases to AWSwhile keeping otherson-premisesfor compliance. The on-prem databases containspatial dataand runcron jobs. The solution must allowquerying on-prem data as foreign tablesfrom AWS.

Options:

A.

Use DynamoDB, SCT, and Lambda. Move spatial data to S3 and query with Athena.

B.

Use RDS for SQL Server and AWS Glue crawlers for Oracle access.

C.

Use EC2-hosted Oracle with Application Migration Service. Use Step Functions for cron.

D.

Use RDS for PostgreSQL with DMS and SCT. Use PostgreSQL foreign data wrappers. Connectvia Direct Connect.

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Questions 11

A company runs a Python script on an Amazon EC2 instance to process data. The script runs every 10 minutes. The script ingests files from an Amazon S3 bucket and processes the files. On average, the script takes approximately 5 minutes to process each file The script will not reprocess a file that the script has already processed.

The company reviewed Amazon CloudWatch metrics and noticed that the EC2 instance is idle for approximately 40% of the time because of the file processing speed. The company wants to make the workload highly available and scalable. The company also wants to reduce long-term management overhead.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Migrate the data processing script to an AWS Lambda function. Use an S3 event notification to invoke the Lambda function to process the objects when the company uploads the objects.

B.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Configure Amazon S3 to send event notifications to the SQS queue. Create an EC2 Auto Scaling group with a minimum size of one instance. Update the data processing script to poll the SQS queue. Process the S3 objects that the SQS message identifies.

C.

Migrate the data processing script to a container image. Run the data processing container on an EC2 instance. Configure the container to poll the S3 bucket for new objects and to process the resulting objects.

D.

Migrate the data processing script to a container image that runs on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) on AWS Fargate. Create an AWS Lambda function that calls the Fargate RunTaskAPI operation when the container processes the file. Use an S3 event notification to invoke the Lambda function.

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Questions 12

A company hosts a game player-matching service on a public-facing, physical, on-premises instance that all users are able to access over the instance uses UDP. The company wants to migrate the service to AWS and provide a high level of security. A solutions architect needs to de matching service using AWS.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Use a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the player-matching instance. Use a friendly DNS entry in Amazon Route 53-point address.

B.

Use an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the player-matching instance. Use a friendly DNS entry in Amazon Route 53 p facing fully qualified domain name (FQDN).

C.

Define an AWS WAF rule to explicitly drop non-UDP traffic, and associate the rule with the load balancer.

D.

Configure a network ACL rule to block all non-UDP traffic. Associate the network ACL with the subnets that hold the load balance

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Questions 13

A company is building an application that will run on an AWS Lambda function. Hundreds of customers will use the application. The company wants to give each customer a quota of requests for a specific time period. The quotas must match customer usage patterns. Some customers must receive a higher quota for a shorter time period.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon API Gateway REST API with a proxy integration to invoke the Lambda function. For each customer, configure an API Gateway usage plan that includes an appropriate request quota. Create an API key from the usage plan for each user that the customer needs.

B.

Create an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API with a proxy integration to invoke the Lambda function. For each customer, configure an API Gateway usage plan that includes an appropriate request quota. Configure route-level throttling for each usage plan. Create an API key from the usage plan for each user that the customer needs.

C.

Create a Lambda function alias for each customer. Include a concurrency limit with an appropriate request quota. Create a Lambda function URL for each function alias. Share the Lambda function URL for each alias with therelevant customer.

D.

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a VPC. Configure the Lambda function as a target for the ALB. Configure an AWS WAF web ACL for the ALB. For each customer, configure a rate-based rule that includes an appropriate request quota.

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Questions 14

A company is hosting an image-processing service on AWS in a VPC. The VPC extends across two Availability Zones. Each Availability Zone contains one public subnet and one private subnet.

The service runs on Amazon EC2 instances in the private subnets. An Application Load Balancer in the public subnets is in front of the service. The service needs to communicate with the internet and does so through two NAT gateways. The service uses Amazon S3 for image storage. The EC2 instances retrieve approximately 1׀¢׀’ of data from an S3 bucket each day.

The company has promoted the service as highly secure. A solutions architect must reduce cloud expenditures as much as possible without compromising the service ' s security posture or increasing the time spent on ongoing operations.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Replace the NAT gateways with NAT instances. In the VPC route table, create a route from the private subnets to the NAT instances.

B.

Move the EC2 instances to the public subnets. Remove the NAT gateways.

C.

Set up an S3 gateway VPC endpoint in the VPC. Attach an endpoint policy to the endpoint to allow the required actions on the S3 bucket.

D.

Attach an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) volume to the EC2 instances. Host the image on the EFS volume.

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Questions 15

A company has an application that stores user-uploaded videos in an Amazon S3 bucket that uses S3 Standard storage. Users access the videos frequently in the first 180 days after the videos are uploaded. Access after 180 days is rare. Named users and anonymous users access the videos. Most of the videos are more than 100 MB in size. Users often have poor internet connectivity when they upload videos, resulting in failed uploads. The company uses multipart uploads for the videos. A solutions architect needs to optimize the S3 costs of the application. Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Configure the S3 bucket to be a Requester Pays bucket.

B.

Use S3 Transfer Acceleration to upload the videos to the S3 bucket.

C.

Create an S3 Lifecycle configuration to expire incomplete multipart uploads 7 days after initiation.

D.

Create an S3 Lifecycle configuration to transition objects to S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval after 1 day.

E.

Create an S3 Lifecycle configuration to transition objects to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 180 days.

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Questions 16

A company operates quick-service restaurants. The restaurants follow a predictable model with high sales traffic for 4 hours daily Sales traffic is lower outside of those peak hours.

The point of sale and management platform is deployed in the AWS Cloud and has a backend that is based on Amazon DynamoDB. The database table uses provisioned throughput mode with 100.000 RCUs and 80.000 WCUs to match known peak resource consumption.

The company wants to reduce its DynamoDB cost and minimize the operational overhead for the IT staff.

Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Reduce the provisioned RCUs and WCUs

B.

Change the DynamoDB table to use on-demand capacity.

C.

Enable Dynamo DB auto scaling tor the table

D.

Purchase 1-year reserved capacity that is sufficient to cover the peak load for 4 hours each day.

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Questions 17

A company runs an application on AWS. The application uses an Amazon Aurora MySQL database that is encrypted with the default AWS managed AWS KMS key.

The company must implement a solution to rotate the database encryption key every 180 days. The solution must provide a notification if the encryption key is noncompliant with this standard.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the rotation period for the existing AWS managed KMS key to be 180 days. Implement the cmk-backing-key-rotation-enabled AWS Config managed rule for the existing KMS key. Configure AWS Config to use Amazon SNS to notify the security team if key rotation is noncompliant.

B.

Create a new AWS managed KMS key with automatic rotation set for 180 days. Take a snapshot of the database. Restore the snapshot to a new Aurora cluster that uses the new KMS key. Create an AWS Config custom rule that uses an AWS Lambda function to validate the key rotation period. Configure AWS Config to use Amazon SES to notify the security team if key encryption is noncompliant.

C.

Create a new customer managed KMS key with automatic rotation set for 180 days. Take asnapshot of the database. Restore the snapshot to a new Aurora cluster that uses the new KMS key. Create an AWS Config custom rule that uses an AWS Lambda function to validate the key rotation period. Configure AWS Config to use Amazon SNS to notify the security team if key encryption is noncompliant.

D.

Create a new customer managed KMS key with automatic rotation set for 180 days. Update the database to use the new KMS key for encryption. Implement the cmk-backing-key-rotation-enabled AWS Config managed rule for the new KMS key. Configure AWS Config to use Amazon SES to notify the security team if key rotation is noncompliant.

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Questions 18

A company is developing and hosting several projects in the AWS Cloud. The projects are developed across multiple AWS accounts under the same organization in AWS Organizations. The company requires the cost lor cloud infrastructure to be allocated to the owning project. The team responsible for all of the AWS accounts has discovered that several Amazon EC2 instances are lacking the Project tag used for cost allocation.

Which actions should a solutions architect take to resolve the problem and prevent it from happening in the future? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Config rule in each account to find resources with missing tags.

B.

Create an SCP in the organization with a deny action for ec2:Runlnstances if the Project tag is missing.

C.

Use Amazon Inspector in the organization to find resources with missing tags.

D.

Create an IAM policy in each account with a deny action for ec2:RunInstances if the Project tag is missing.

E.

Create an AWS Config aggregator for the organization to collect a list of EC2 instances with the missing Project tag.

F.

Use AWS Security Hub to aggregate a list of EC2 instances with the missing Project tag.

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Questions 19

A company has a legacy monolithic application that is critical to the company ' s business. The company hosts the application on an Amazon EC2 instance that runs Amazon Linux 2. The company ' s application team receives a directive from the legal department to back up the data from the instance ' s encrypted Amazon

Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume to an Amazon S3 bucket. The application team does not have the administrative SSH key pair for the instance. The application must continue to serve the users.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Attach a role to the instance with permission to write to Amazon S3. Use the AWS Systems Manager Session Manager option to gain access to the instance and run commands to copy data into Amazon S3.

B.

Create an image of the instance with the reboot option turned on. Launch a new EC2 instance from the image. Attach a role to the new instance with permission to write to Amazon S3. Run a command to copy data into Amazon S3.

C.

Take a snapshot of the EBS volume by using Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager (Amazon DLM). Copy the data to Amazon S3.

D.

Create an image of the instance. Launch a new EC2 instance from the image. Attach a role to the new instance with permission to write to Amazon S3. Run a command to copy data into Amazon S3.

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Questions 20

A company ' s interactive web application uses an Amazon CloudFront distribution to serve images from an Amazon S3 bucket. Occasionally, third-party tools ingest corrupted images into the S3 bucket. This image corruption causes a poor user experience in the application later. The company has successfully implemented and tested Python logic to detect corrupt images.

A solutions architect must recommend a solution to integrate the detection logic with minimal latency between the ingestion and serving.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use a Lambda@Edge function that is invoked by a viewer-response event.

B.

Use a Lambda@Edge function that is invoked by an origin-response event.

C.

Use an S3 event notification that invokes an AWS Lambda function.

D.

Use an S3 event notification that invokes an AWS Step Functions state machine.

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Questions 21

A company is migrating a legacy application from an on-premises data center to AWS. The application consists of a single application server and a Microsoft SQL

Server database server. Each server is deployed on a VMware VM that consumes 500 TB of data across multiple attached volumes.

The company has established a 10 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection from the closest AWS Region to its on-premises data center. The Direct Connect connection is not currently in use by other services.

Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to migrate the application with the LEAST amount of downtime? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Use an AWS Server Migration Service (AWS SMS) replication job to migrate the database server VM to AWS.

B.

Use VM Import/Export to import the application server VM.

C.

Export the VM images to an AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized device.

D.

Use an AWS Server Migration Service (AWS SMS) replication job to migrate the application server VM to AWS.

E.

Use an AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) replication instance to migrate the database to an Amazon RDS DB instance.

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Questions 22

A company has developed APIs that use Amazon API Gateway with Regional endpoints. The APIs call AWS Lambda functions that use API Gateway authentication mechanisms. After a design review, a solutions architect identifies a set of APIs that do not require public access.

The solutions architect must design a solution to make the set of APIs accessible only from a VPC. All APIs need to be called with an authenticated user.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of effort?

Options:

A.

Create an internal Application Load Balancer (ALB). Create a target group. Select the Lambda function to call. Use the ALB DNS name to call the API from the VPC.

B.

Remove the DNS entry that is associated with the API in API Gateway. Create a hosted zone in Amazon Route 53. Create a CNAME record in the hosted zone. Update the API in API Gateway with the CNAME record. Use the CNAME record to call the API from the VPC.

C.

Update the API endpoint from Regional to private in API Gateway. Create an interface VPC endpoint in the VPC. Create a resource policy, and attach it to the API. Use the VPC endpoint to call the API from the VPC.

D.

Deploy the Lambda functions inside the VPC. Provision an EC2 instance, and install an Apache server. From the Apache server, call the Lambda functions. Use the internal CNAME record of the EC2 instance to call the API from the VPC.

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Questions 23

A company is hosting an application on AWS for a project that will run for the next 3 years. The application consists of 20 Amazon EC2 On-Demand Instances that are registered in a target group for a Network Load Balancer (NLB). The instances are spread across two Availability Zones. The application is stateless and runs 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

The company receives reports from users who are experiencing slow responses from the application. Performance metrics show that the instances are at 10% CPU utilization during normal application use. However, the CPU utilization increases to 100% at busy times, which typically last for a few hours.

The company needs a new architecture to resolve the problem of slow responses from the application.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create an Auto Scaling group. Attach the Auto Scaling group to the target group of the NLB. Set the minimum capacity to 20 and the desired capacity to 28. Purchase Reserved Instances for 20 instances.

B.

Create a Spot Fleet that has a request type of request. Set the TotalTargetCapacity parameter to 20. Set the DefaultTargetCapacityType parameter to On-Demand. Specify the NLB when creating the Spot Fleet.

C.

Create a Spot Fleet that has a request type of maintain. Set the TotalTargetCapacity parameter to 20. Set the DefaultTargetCapacityType parameter to Spot. Replace the NLB with an Application Load Balancer.

D.

Create an Auto Scaling group. Attach the Auto Scaling group to the target group of the NLB. Set the minimum capacity to 4 and the maximum capacity to 28. Purchase Reserved Instances for four instances.

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Questions 24

A company is deploying a third-party web application on AWS. The application is packaged as a Docker image. The company has deployed the Docker image as an AWS

Fargate service in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). An Application Load Balancer (ALB) directs traffic to the application.

The company needs to give only a specific list of users the ability to access the application from the internet. The company cannot change the application and cannot integrate the application with an identity provider. All users must be authenticated through multi-factor authentication (MFA).

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a user pool in Amazon Cognito. Configure the pool for the application. Populate the pool with the required users. Configure the pool to require MFA.Configure a listener rule on the ALB to require authentication through the Amazon Cognito hosted UI.

B.

Configure the users in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM). Attach a resource policy to the Fargate service to require users to use MFA. Configure alistener rule on the ALB to require authentication through IAM.

C.

Configure the users in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM). Enable AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On). Configure resource protection forthe ALB. Create a resource protection rule to require users to use MFA.

D.

Create a user pool in AWS Amplify. Configure the pool for the application. Populate the pool with the required users. Configure the pool to require MFA.Configure a listener rule on the ALB to require authentication through the Amplify hosted UI.

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Questions 25

Example Corp uses an organization in AWS Organizations with all features enabled to manage multiple AWS accounts. Example Corp acquires AnyCompany, which currently hosts its AWS environment in a single AWS account. Example Corp wants to add AnyCompany’s AWS account to Example Corp’s existing organization.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

From AnyCompany’s AWS account, invite Example Corp’s existing AWS management account to start the join process. Ensure that Organizations creates the OrganizationAccountAccessRole IAM role with the required permissions.

B.

From Example Corp’s management AWS account, send an AWS Support request to AWS to add AnyCompany’s AWS account to the existing organization. Ensure that Organizations creates the OrganizationAccountAccessRole IAM role with the required permissions.

C.

From Example Corp’s management AWS account, send an invitation to AnyCompany’s AWS account. Accept the invitation in AnyCompany’s account. Create an OrganizationAccountAccessRole IAM role with the appropriate managed IAM policy.

D.

From AnyCompany’s AWS account, create an OrganizationAccountAccessRole IAM role with the appropriate managed IAM policy. Configure AnyCompany’s AWS account to be a member of Example Corp’s organization.

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Questions 26

A mobile gaming company is expanding into the global market. The company ' s game servers run in the us-east-1 Region. The game ' s client application uses UDP to communicate with the game servers and needs to be able to connect to a set of static IP addresses.

The company wants its game to be accessible on multiple continents. The company also wants the game to maintain its network performance and global availability.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Provision an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the game servers. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has no geographical restrictions. Set the ALB as the origin. Perform DNS lookups for the cloudfront.net domain name. Use the resulting IP addresses in the game ' s client application.

B.

Provision game servers in each AWS Region. Provision an Application Load Balancer in front of the game servers. Create an Amazon Route 53 latency-based routing policy for the game ' s client application to use with DNS lookups.

C.

Provision game servers in each AWS Region. Provision a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the game servers. Create an accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator, and configure endpoint groups in each Region. Associate the NLBs with the corresponding Regional endpoint groups. Point the game client ' s application to the Global Accelerator endpoints.

D.

Provision game servers in each AWS Region. Provision a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the game servers. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has no geographical restrictions. Set the NLB as the origin. Perform DNS lookups for the cloudfront.net domain name. Use the resulting IP addresses in the game ' s client application.

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Questions 27

A company is planning to migrate an Amazon RDS for Oracle database to an RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance in another AWS account. A solutions architect needs to design a migration strategy that will require no downtime and that will minimize the amount of time necessary to complete the migration. The migration strategy must replicate all existing data and any new data that is created during the migration The target database must be identical to the source database at completion of the migration process

All applications currently use an Amazon Route 53 CNAME record as their endpoint for communication with the RDS for Oracle DB instance The RDS for Oracle DB instance is in a private subnet.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select THREE)

Options:

A.

Create a new RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance in the target account Use the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to migrate the database schema from the source database to the target database

B.

Use the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to create a new RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance in the target account with the schema and initial data from thesource database

C.

Configure VPC peering between the VPCs in the two AWS accounts to provide connectivity to both DB instances from the target account. Configure the security groups that are attached to each DB instance to allow traffic on the database port from the VPC in the target account.

D.

Temporarily allow the source DB instance to be publicly accessible to provide connectivity from the VPC in the target account Configure the security groups that are attached to each DB instance to allow traffic on the database port from the VPC in the target account.

E.

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) in the target account to perform a full load plus change data capture (CDC) migration from the source database to the target database When the migration is complete, change the CNAME record to point to the target DB instance endpoint

F.

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) in the target account to perform a change data capture (CDC) migration from the source database to the target database When the migration is complete change the CNAME record to pointto the target DB instance endpoint.

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Questions 28

Question:

A company is deploying a newbig data analytics clusteracross multiple Availability Zones. All nodes must haveread/write access to shared file storagethat ishighly available,POSIX-compatible, andhigh-throughput.

Options:

A.

Use AWS Storage Gateway (file gateway) backed by Amazon S3

B.

Use Amazon EFS in General Purpose performance mode

C.

Use Amazon EBS with Multi-Attach

D.

Use Amazon EFS with Max I/O performance mode

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Questions 29

A company wants to migrate virtual Microsoft workloads from an on-premises data center to AWS The company has successfully tested a few sample workloads on AWS. The company also has created an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection to a VPC A solutions architect needs to generate a total cost of ownership (TCO) report for the migration of all the workloads from the data center

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) has been enabled on each VM in the data center The company cannot add more VMs m the data center and cannot install additional software on the VMs The discovery data must be automatically imported into AWS Migration Hub

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use the AWS Application Migration Service agentless service and the AWS Migration Hub Strategy Recommendations to generate the TCO report

B.

Launch a Windows Amazon EC2 instance Install the Migration Evaluator agentless collector on the EC2 instance Configure Migration Evaluator to generate the TCO report

C.

Launch a Windows Amazon EC2 instance. Install the Migration Evaluator agentless collector on the EC2 instance. Configure Migration Hub to generate the TCO report

D.

Use the AWS Migration Readiness Assessment tool inside the VPC Configure Migration Evaluator to generate the TCO report

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Questions 30

A company is running a critical application that uses an Amazon RDS for MySQL database to store data. The RDS DB instance is deployed in Multi-AZ mode.

A recent RDS database failover test caused a 40-second outage to the application A solutions architect needs to design a solution to reduce the outage time to less than 20 seconds.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Use Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached in front of the database

B.

Use Amazon ElastiCache for Redis in front of the database.

C.

Use RDS Proxy in front of the database

D.

Migrate the database to Amazon Aurora MySQL

E.

Create an Amazon Aurora Replica

F.

Create an RDS for MySQL read replica

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Questions 31

Question:

A company runs workloads on EC2 inmultiple VPCsin a single Region. They also have anon-premises DNS server(via Direct Connect). All EC2 instances must resolve internal.company.com usingprivate communication.

What should a solutions architect do? (Select THREE.)

Options:

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Route 53inbound endpointin all workload VPCs.

B.

Create a Route 53outbound endpointin one VPC.

C.

Create a Route 53forwarding ruleto forward internal.company.com to the on-prem DNS.

D.

Create a Route 53 rule with theSystemtype.

E.

Associate the rule with all VPCs.

F.

Associate the rule only with the VPC that has the outbound endpoint.

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Questions 32

A company runs an application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that are in private subnets behind an internet-facing Application Load Balancer (ALB). The ALB is the origin for an Amazon CloudFront distribution. An AWS WAF web ACL that contains various AWS managed rules is associated with the CloudFront distribution.

The company needs a solution that will prevent internet traffic from directly accessing the ALB.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create a new web ACL that contains the same rules that the existing web ACL contains. Associate the new web ACL with the ALB.

B.

Associate the existing web ACL with the ALB.

C.

Add a security group rule to the ALB to allow traffic from the AWS managed prefix list for CloudFront only.

D.

Add a security group rule to the ALB to allow only the various CloudFront IP address ranges.

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Questions 33

A company has a web application that securely uploads pictures and videos to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company requires that only authenticated users are allowed to post content. The application generates a presigned URL that is used to upload objects through a browser interface. Most users are reporting slow upload times for objects larger than 100 MB.

What can a Solutions Architect do to improve the performance of these uploads while ensuring only authenticated users are allowed to post content?

Options:

A.

Set up an Amazon API Gateway with an edge-optimized API endpoint that has a resource as an S3 service proxy. Configure the PUT method for this resource to expose the S3 PutObject operation. Secure the API Gateway using a COGNITO_USER_POOLS authorizer. Have the browser interface use API Gateway instead of the presigned URL to upload objects.

B.

Set up an Amazon API Gateway with a regional API endpoint that has a resource as an S3 service proxy. Configure the PUT method for this resource to expose the S3 PutObject operation. Secure the API Gateway using an AWS Lambda authorizer. Have the browser interface use API Gateway instead of the presigned URL to upload API objects.

C.

Enable an S3 Transfer Acceleration endpoint on the S3 bucket. Use the endpoint when generating the presigned URL. Have the browser interface upload the objects to this URL using the S3 multipart upload API.

D.

Configure an Amazon CloudFront distribution for the destination S3 bucket. Enable PUT and POST methods for the CloudFront cache behavior. Update the CloudFront origin to use an origin access identity (OAI). Give the OAI user s3:PutObject permissions in the bucket policy. Have the browser interface upload objects using the CloudFront distribution

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Questions 34

A company runs an application in an on-premises data center. The application gives users the ability to upload media files. The files persist in a file server. The web application has many users. The application server is overutilized, which causes data uploads to fail occasionally. The company frequently adds new storage to the file server. The company wants to resolve these challenges by migrating the application to AWS.

Users from across the United States and Canada access the application. Only authenticated usersshould have the ability to access the application to upload files. The company will consider a solution that refactors the application, and the company needs to accelerate application development.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Application Migration Service to migrate the application server to Amazon EC2 instances. Create an Auto Scaling group for the EC2 instances. Use an Application Load Balancer to distribute the requests. Modify the application to use Amazon S3 to persist the files. Use Amazon Cognito to authenticate users.

B.

Use AWS Application Migration Service to migrate the application server to Amazon EC2 instances. Create an Auto Scaling group for the EC2 instances. Use an Application Load Balancer to distribute the requests. Set up AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) to give users the ability to sign in to the application. Modify the application to use Amazon S3 to persist the files.

C.

Create a static website for uploads of media files. Store the static assets in Amazon S3. Use AWS AppSync to create an API. Use AWS Lambda resolvers to upload the media files to Amazon S3. Use Amazon Cognito to authenticate users.

D.

Use AWS Amplify to create a static website for uploads of media files. Use Amplify Hosting to serve the website through Amazon CloudFront. Use Amazon S3 to store the uploaded media files. Use Amazon Cognito to authenticate users.

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Questions 35

A company has deployed an application on AWS Elastic Beanstalk. The application uses Amazon Aurora for the database layer. An Amazon CloudFront distribution serves web requests and includes the Elastic Beanstalk domain name as the origin server. The distribution is configured with an alternate domain name that visitors use when they access the application.

Each week, the company takes the application out of service for routine maintenance. During the time that the application is unavailable, the company wants visitors to receive an informational message instead of a CloudFront error message.

A solutions architect creates an Amazon S3 bucket as the first step in the process.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take next to meet the requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Upload static informational content to the S3 bucket.

B.

Create a new CloudFront distribution. Set the S3 bucket as the origin.

C.

Set the S3 bucket as a second origin in the original CloudFront distribution. Configure the distribution and the S3 bucket to use an origin access identity (OAI).

D.

During the weekly maintenance, edit the default cache behavior to use the S3 origin. Revert the change when the maintenance is complete.

E.

During the weekly maintenance, create a cache behavior for the S3 origin on the new distribution. Set the path pattern to \ Set the precedence to 0. Delete the cache behavior when the maintenance is complete.

F.

During the weekly maintenance, configure Elastic Beanstalk to serve traffic from the S3 bucket.

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Questions 36

A company has a sales system that stores transactions as .csv files in an Amazon S3 bucket. The S3 bucket is configured to use S3 Intelligent-Tiering. Most of the .csv files are between 64 KB and 100 KB in size. All rows and columns of the .csv files must be read when the data is processed. The company must keep the data for 5 years.

The company stores several million xsv files every day. The company must minimize the cost of storing and querying the xsv files.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Glue job to convert the .csv files into Apache Parquet format. Use Amazon S3 to invoke the AWS Glue job every time a .csv file arrives.

B.

Create an AWS Glue job to compress the .csv files. Schedule the AWS Glue job every hour to compress the files for the previous hour into one .csv file.

C.

Create an AWS Lambda function to convert the .csv files into Apache Parquet format. Use Amazon S3 to invoke the Lambda function every time a .csv file arrives.

D.

Create an AWS Lambda function to compress the .csv files. Use Amazon S3 to invoke the Lambda function every time a .csv file arrives.

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Questions 37

A company recently completed the migration from an on-premises data center to the AWS Cloud by using a replatforming strategy. One of the migrated servers is running a legacy Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) service that a critical application relies upon. The application sends outbound email messages to the company’s customers. The legacy SMTP server does not support TLS encryption and uses TCP port 25. The application can use SMTP only.

The company decides to use Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) and to decommission the legacy SMTP server. The company has created and validated the SES domain. The company has lifted the SES limits.

What should the company do to modify the application to send email messages from Amazon SES?

Options:

A.

Configure the application to connect to Amazon SES by using TLS Wrapper. Create an IAM role that has ses:SendEmail and ses:SendRawEmail permissions. Attach the IAM role to an Amazon EC2 instance.

B.

Configure the application to connect to Amazon SES by using STARTTLS. Obtain Amazon SES SMTP credentials. Use the credentials to authenticate with Amazon SES.

C.

Configure the application to use the SES API to send email messages. Create an IAM role that has ses:SendEmail and ses:SendRawEmail permissions. Use the IAM role as a service role for Amazon SES.

D.

Configure the application to use AWS SDKs to send email messages. Create an IAM user for Amazon SES. Generate API access keys. Use the access keys to authenticate with Amazon SES.

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Questions 38

A company runs a serverless ecommerce application on AWS. The application uses API Gateway to invoke Java Lambda functions that connect to an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. During a sale event, traffic spikes caused slow performance and DB connection failures.

Which solution will improve performance with the LEAST application change?

Options:

A.

Move DB connection outside Lambda handler and increase provisioned concurrency.

B.

Use RDS Proxy. Store DB credentials in Secrets Manager. Update Lambda to use RDS Proxy. Increase provisioned concurrency.

C.

Increase max_connections parameter in a custom DB parameter group and reboot. Increase reserved concurrency.

D.

Use RDS Proxy and Secrets Manager. Increase reserved concurrency.

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Questions 39

A company has Linux-based Amazon EC2 instances. Users must access the instances by using SSH with EC2 SSH Key pairs. Each machine requires a unique EC2 Key pair.

The company wants to implement a key rotation policy that will, upon request, automatically rotate all the EC2 key pairs and keep the key in a securely encrypted place. The company will accept less than 1 minute of downtime during key rotation.

Which solution will meet these requirement?

Options:

A.

Store all the keys in AWS Secrets Manager. Define a Secrets Manager rotation schedule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to generate new key pairs. Replace public Keys on EC2 instances. Update the private keys in Secrets Manager.

B.

Store all the keys in Parameter. Store, a capability of AWS Systems Manager, as a string. Define a Systems Manager maintenance window to invoke an AWS Lambda function to generate new key pairs. Replace public keys on EC2 instance. Update the private keys in parameter.

C.

Import the EC2 key pairs into AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). Configure automatic key rotation for these key pairs. Create an Amazon EventlBridge scheduled rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to initiate the key rotation AWS KMS.

D.

Add all the EC2 instances to Feet Manager, a capability of AWS Systems Manager. Define a Systems Manager maintenance window to issue a Systems Manager Run Command document to generate new Key pairs and to rotate public keys to all the instances in Feet Manager.

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Questions 40

A company wants to optimize AWS data-transfer costs and compute costs across developer accounts within the company ' s organization in AWS Organizations Developers can configure VPCs and launch Amazon EC2 instances in a single AWS Region The EC2 instances retrieve approximately 1 TB of data each day from Amazon S3

The developer activity leads to excessive monthly data-transfer charges and NAT gateway processing charges between EC2 instances and S3 buckets, along with high compute costs The company wants to proactively enforce approved architectural patterns for any EC2 instance and VPC infrastructure that developers deploy within the AWS accounts The company does not wantthis enforcement to negatively affect the speed at which the developers can perform their tasks

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create SCPs to prevent developers from launching unapproved EC2 instance types Provide the developers with an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy an approved VPC configuration with S3 interface endpoints Scope the developers* IAM permissions so that the developers can launch VPC resources only with CloudFormation

B.

Create a daily forecasted budget with AWS Budgets to monitor EC2 compute costs and S3 data-transfer costs across the developer accounts When the forecasted cost is 75% of the actual budget cost, send an alert to the developer teams If the actual budget cost is 100%. create a budget action to terminate the developers ' EC2 instances and VPC infrastructure

C.

Create an AWS Service Catalog portfolio that users can use to create an approved VPC configuration with S3 gateway endpoints and approved EC2 instances Share the portfolio with the developer accounts Configure an AWS Service Catalog launch constraint to use an approved IAM role Scope the developers ' IAM permissions to allow access only to AWS Service Catalog

D.

Create and deploy AWS Config rules to monitor the compliance of EC2 and VPC resources in the developer AWS accounts If developers launch unapproved EC2 instances or if developers create VPCs without S3 gateway endpoints perform a remediation action to terminate the unapproved resources

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Questions 41

A company is migrating an application to the AWS Cloud. The application runs in an on-premises data center and writes thousands of images into a mounted NFS file system each night. After the company migrates the application, the company will host the application on an Amazon EC2 instance with a mounted Amazon

Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system.

The company has established an AWS Direct Connect connection to AWS. Before the migration cutover, a solutions architect must build a process that will replicate the newly created on-premises images to the EFS file system.

What is the MOST operationally efficient way to replicate the images?

Options:

A.

Configure a periodic process to run the aws s3 sync command from the on-premises file system to Amazon S3. Configure an AWS Lambda function to process event notifications from Amazon S3 and copy the images from Amazon S3 to the EFS file system.

B.

Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway with an NFS mount point. Mount the file gateway file system on the on-premises server. Configure a process to periodically copy the images to the mount point.

C.

Deploy an AWS DataSync agent to an on-premises server that has access to the NFS file system. Send data over the Direct Connect connection to an S3 bucket by using public VIF. Configure an AWS Lambda function to process event notifications from Amazon S3 and copy the images from Amazon S3 to the EFS file system.

D.

Deploy an AWS DataSync agent to an on-premises server that has access to the NFS file system. Send data over the Direct Connect connection to an AWS PrivateLink int

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Questions 42

A company needs to implement disaster recovery for a critical application that runs in a single AWS Region. The application ' s users interact with a web frontend that is hosted on Amazon EC2 Instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application writes to an Amazon RD5 tor MySQL DB instance. The application also outputs processed documents that are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket

The company ' s finance team directly queries the database to run reports. During busy periods, these queries consume resources and negatively affect application performance.

A solutions architect must design a solution that will provide resiliency during a disaster. The solution must minimize data loss and must resolve the performance problems that result from the finance team ' s queries.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB and use DynamoDB global tables. Instruct the finance team to query a global table in a separate Region. Create an AWS Lambda function to periodically synchronize the contents of the original S3 bucket to a new S3 bucket in the separate Region. Launch EC2 instances and create an ALB in the separate Region. Configure the application to point to the new S3 bucket.

B.

Launch additional EC2 instances that host the application in a separate Region. Add theadditional instances to the existing ALB. In the separate Region, create a read replica of the RDS DB instance. Instruct the finance team to run queries ageist the read replica. Use S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) from the original S3 bucket to a new S3 Docket in the separate Region. During a disaster, promote the read replace to a standalone DB instanc

C.

Create a read replica of the RDS DB instance in a separate Region. Instruct the finance team to run queries against the read replica. Create AMIs of the EC2 instances mat host the application frontend- Copy the AMIs to the separate Region. Use S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) from the original S3 bucket to a new S3 bucket in the separate Region. During a disaster, promote the read replica to a standalone DB instance. Launch EC2 instances f

D.

Create hourly snapshots of the RDS DB instance. Copy the snapshots to a separate Region. Add an Amazon Elastic ache cluster m front of the existing RDS database. Create AMIs of the EC2 instances that host the application frontend Copy the AMIs to the separate Region. Use S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) from the original S3 bucket to a new S3 bucket in the separate Region. During a disaster, restore The database from the latest RDS snapsho

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Questions 43

A company is running an application in the AWS Cloud. The application uses AWS Lambda functions and Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) containers that run with AWS Fargate technology as its primary compute. The load on the application is irregular. The application experiences long periods of no usage, followed by sudden and significant increases and decreases in traffic. The application is write-heavy and stores data in an Amazon Aurora MySQL database. The database runs on an Amazon RDS memory optimized DB instance that is not able to handle the load.

What is the MOST cost-effective way for the company to handle the sudden and significant changes in traffic?

Options:

A.

Add additional read replicas to the database. Purchase Instance Savings Plans and RDS Reserved Instances.

B.

Migrate the database to an Aurora multi-master DB cluster. Purchase Instance Savings Plans.

C.

Migrate the database to an Aurora global database. Purchase Compute Savings Plans and RDS Reserved Instances.

D.

Migrate the database to Aurora Serverless v1. Purchase Compute Savings Plans.

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Questions 44

A company has built a high performance computing (HPC) cluster in AWS tor a tightly coupled workload that generates a large number of shared files stored in Amazon EFS. The cluster was performing well when the number of Amazon EC2 instances in the cluster was 100. However, when the company increased the cluster size to 1,000 EC2 instances, overall performance was well below expectations.

Which collection of design choices should a solutions architect make to achieve the maximum performance from the HPC cluster? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Ensure the HPC cluster Is launched within a single Availability Zone.

B.

Launch the EC2 instances and attach elastic network interfaces in multiples of four.

C.

Select EC2 Instance types with an Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA) enabled.

D.

Ensure the cluster Is launched across multiple Availability Zones.

E.

Replace Amazon EFS with multiple Amazon EBS volumes in a RAID array.

F.

Replace Amazon EFS with Amazon FSx for Lustre.

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Questions 45

A company is deploying a distributed in-memory database on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The fleet consists of a primary node and eight worker nodes. The primary node is responsible for monitoring cluster health, accepting user requests, distributing user requests to worker nodes, and sending an aggregate response back to a client. Worker nodes communicate with each other to replicate data partitions.

The company requires the lowest possible networking latency to achieve maximum performance.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Launch memory optimized EC2 instances in a partition placement group.

B.

Launch compute optimized EC2 instances in a partition placement group.

C.

Launch memory optimized EC2 instances in a cluster placement group

D.

Launch compute optimized EC2 instances in a spread placement group.

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Questions 46

A company has a multi-tier web application that runs on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The instances are in an Auto Scaling group. The ALB and the Auto Scaling group are replicated in a backup AWS Region. The minimum value and the maximum value for the Auto Scaling group are set to zero. An Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance stores the application’s data. The DB instance has a read replica in the backup Region. The application presents an endpoint to end users by using an Amazon Route 53 record.

The company needs to reduce its RTO to less than 15 minutes by giving the application the ability to automatically fail over to the backup Region. The company does not have a large enough budget for an active-active strategy.

What should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Reconfigure the application’s Route 53 record with a latency-based routing policy that load balances traffic between the two ALBs. Create an AWS Lambda function in the backup Region to promote the read replica and modify the Auto Scaling group values. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that is based on the HTTPCode_Target_5XX_Count metric for the ALB in the primary Region. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to invoke the Lambda function.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function in the backup Region to promote the read replica and modify the Auto Scaling group values. Configure Route 53 with a health check that monitors the web application and sends an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) notification to the Lambda function when the health check status is unhealthy. Update the application’s Route 53 record with a failover policy that routes traffic to the ALB in the backup R

C.

Configure the Auto Scaling group in the backup Region to have the same values as the Auto Scaling group in the primary Region. Reconfigure the application’s Route 53 record with a latency-based routing policy that load balances traffic between the two ALBs. Remove the read replica. Replace the read replica with a standalone RDS DB instance. Configure Cross-Region Replicationbetween the RDS DB instances by using snapshots and Amazon S3.

D.

Configure an endpoint in AWS Global Accelerator with the two ALBs as equal weighted targets. Create an AWS Lambda function in the backup Region to promote the read replica and modify the Auto Scaling group values. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that is based on the HTTPCode_Target_5XX_Count metric for the ALB in the primary Region. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to invoke the Lambda function.

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Questions 47

A software company has deployed an application that consumes a REST API by using Amazon API Gateway. AWS Lambda functions, and an Amazon DynamoDB table. The application is showing an increase in the number of errors during PUT requests. Most of the PUT calls come from a small number of clients that are authenticated with specific API keys.

A solutions architect has identified that a large number of the PUT requests originate from one client. The API is noncritical, and clients can tolerate retries of unsuccessful calls. However, the errors are displayed to customers and are causing damage to the API ' s reputation.

What should the solutions architect recommend to improve the customer experience?

Options:

A.

Implement retry logic with exponential backoff and irregular variation in the client application. Ensure that the errors are caught and handled with descriptive error messages.

B.

Implement API throttling through a usage plan at the API Gateway level. Ensure that the client application handles code 429 replies without error.

C.

Turn on API caching to enhance responsiveness for the production stage. Run 10-minute load tests. Verify that the cache capacity is appropriate for the workload.

D.

Implement reserved concurrency at the Lambda function level to provide the resources that are needed during sudden increases in traffic.

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Questions 48

An e-commerce company is revamping its IT infrastructure and is planning to use AWS services. The company ' s CIO has asked a solutions architect to design a simple, highly available, and loosely coupled order processing application. The application is responsible for receiving and processing orders before storing them in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The application has a sporadic traffic pattern and should be able to scale during marketing campaigns to process the orders with minimal delays.

Which of the following is the MOST reliable approach to meet the requirements?

Options:

A.

Receive the orders in an Amazon EC2-hosted database and use EC2 instances to process them.

B.

Receive the orders in an Amazon SQS queue and invoke an AWS Lambda function to processthem.

C.

Receive the orders using the AWS Step Functions program and launch an Amazon ECS container to process them.

D.

Receive the orders in Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and use Amazon EC2 instances to process them.

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Questions 49

A company uses multiple software as a service SaaS applications for messaging, email, and file sharing. The SaaS applications are compatible with AWS AppFabric. The company’s web application runs in a VPC on an Amazon EKS cluster and uses Amazon S3 to store data.

The company wants to detect security incidents across the SaaS applications and the web application that could compromise company data. The company needs a centralized solution that provides a dashboard. The dashboard must show the IP addresses, email addresses, and access frequencies of unique users across its SaaS applications and the web application.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? Select THREE.

Options:

A.

Ingest audit log data from each SaaS application into AWS AppFabric. Convert the audit log data into Open Cybersecurity Schema Framework OCSF normalized Apache Parquet format. Send the logs to Amazon Data Firehose to be delivered to an Amazon Security Lake S3 bucket.

B.

Ingest networking and usage log data from each SaaS application into AWS AppFabric. Convert the networking and usage log data into JSON format. Send the logs to Amazon Data Firehose to be delivered to Amazon OpenSearch Service.

C.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket to receive logs in JSON format through Amazon Data Firehose. Create a dashboard in Amazon CloudWatch. Configure the dashboard to visualize the location of the IP addresses, email addresses, and access frequencies of unique users by using data from the S3 bucket.

D.

Configure the logs associated with AWS CloudTrail management events, AWS CloudTrail data events for Amazon S3, Amazon EKS audit logs, and VPC Flow Logs as sources in Amazon Security Lake. Add AWS AppFabric as a custom source in Security Lake.

E.

Configure Amazon Security Lake to send security data from different sources to Amazon Redshift. Use Amazon QuickSight to create a visualization of the security data.

F.

Configure Amazon Security Lake to send security data from different sources to Amazon OpenSearch Service by using OpenSearch Ingestion. Use the OpenSearch Service dashboard to create a visualization of the security data.

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Questions 50

A company is running a two-tier web-based application in an on-premises data center. The application layer consists of a single server running a stateful application. The application connects to a PostgreSQL database running on a separate server. The application’s user base is expected to grow significantly, so the company is migrating the application and database to AWS. The solution will use Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling, and Elastic Load Balancing.

Which solution will provide a consistent user experience that will allow the application and database tiers to scale?

Options:

A.

Enable Aurora Auto Scaling for Aurora Replicas. Use a Network Load Balancer with the least outstanding requests routing algorithm and sticky sessions enabled.

B.

Enable Aurora Auto Scaling for Aurora writers. Use an Application Load Balancer with the round robin routing algorithm and sticky sessions enabled.

C.

Enable Aurora Auto Scaling for Aurora Replicas. Use an Application Load Balancer with the round robin routing and sticky sessions enabled.

D.

Enable Aurora Scaling for Aurora writers. Use a Network Load Balancer with the least outstanding requests routing algorithm and sticky sessions enabled.

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Questions 51

A company hosts a web application on AWS in the us-east-1 Region The application servers are distributed across three Availability Zones behind an Application Load Balancer. The database is hosted in a MySQL database on an Amazon EC2 instance A solutions architect needs to design a Cross-Region data recovery solution using AWS services with an RTO of less than 5 minutes and an RPO of less than 1 minute. The solutions architect is deploying application servers in us-west-2, and has configured Amazon Route 53 hearth checks and DNS failover to us-west-2

Which additional step should the solutions architect take?

Options:

A.

Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS tor MySQL instance with a cross-Region read replica in us-west-2

B.

Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora global database with the primary in us-east-1 and the secondary in us-west-2

C.

Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance with a Multi-AZ deployment.

D.

Create a MySQL standby database on an Amazon EC2 instance in us-west-2

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Questions 52

A company is using AWS CloudFormation as its deployment tool for all applications. It stages all application binaries and templates within Amazon S3 buckets with versioning enabled. Developers use an Amazon EC2 instance with IDE access to modify and test applications. The developers want to implement CI/CD with AWS CodePipeline with the following requirements:

Use AWS CodeCommit for source control.

Automate unit testing and security scanning.

Alert developers when unit tests fail.

Toggle application features and allow lead developer approval before deployment.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS CodeBuild for testing and scanning. Use EventBridge and SNS for alerts. Use AWS CDK with a manifest to toggle features. Use a manual approval stage.

B.

Use Lambda for testing and alerts. Use AWS Amplify plugins for feature toggles. Use SES for manual approval.

C.

Use Jenkins and SES for alerts. Use nested CloudFormation stacks for features. Use Lambda for approvals.

D.

Use CodeDeploy for testing and scanning. Use CloudWatch alarms and SNS. Use Docker images for features and AWS CLI for toggles.

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Questions 53

A scientific company needs to process text and image data from an Amazon S3 bucket. The data is collected from several radar stations during a live, time-critical phase of a deep space mission. The radar stations upload the data to the source S3 bucket. The data is prefixed by radar station identification number.

The company created a destination S3 bucket in a second account. Data must be copied from the source S3 bucket to the destination S3 bucket to meet a compliance objective. The replication occurs through the use of an S3 replication rule to cover all objects in the source S3 bucket.

One specific radar station is identified as having the most accurate data. Data replication at this radar station must be monitored for completion within 30 minutes after the radar station uploads the objects to the source S3 bucket.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Set up an AWS DataSync agent to replicate the prefixed data from the source S3 bucket to the destination S3 bucket. Select to use all available bandwidth on the task, and monitor the task to ensure that it is in the TRANSFERRING status. Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to trigger an alert if this status changes.

B.

In the second account, create another S3 bucket to receive data from the radar station with the most accurate data. Set up a new replication rule for this new S3 bucket to separate the replication from the other radar stations. Monitor the maximum replication time to the destination. Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to trigger an alert when the time exceeds the desired threshold.

C.

Enable Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration on the source S3 bucket, and configure the radar station with the most accurate data to use the new endpoint. Monitor the S3 destination bucket ' s TotalRequestLatency metric. Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to trigger an alert if this status changes.

D.

Create a new S3 replication rule on the source S3 bucket that filters for the keys that use the prefix of the radar station with the most accurate data. Enable S3 Replication Time Control (S3 RTC). Monitor the maximum replication time to the destination. Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to trigger an alert when the time exceeds the desired threshold.

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Questions 54

A company has a website that serves many visitors. The company deploys a backend service for the website in a primary AWS Region and a disaster recovery (DR) Region.

A single Amazon CloudFront distribution is deployed for the website. The company creates an Amazon Route 53 record set with health checks and a failover routing policy for the primary Region ' s backend service. The company configures the Route 53 record set as an origin for the CloudFront distribution. The company configures another record set that points to the backend service ' s endpoint in the DR Region as a secondary failover record type. The TTL for both record sets is 60 seconds.

Currently, failover takes more than 1 minute. A solutions architect must design a solution that will provide the fastest failover time.

Which solution will achieve this goal?

Options:

A.

Deploy an additional CloudFront distribution. Create a new Route 53 failover record set with health checks for both CloudFront distributions.

B.

Set the TTL to 1 second for the existing Route 53 record sets that are used for the backend service in each Region.

C.

Create new record sets for the backend services by using a latency routing policy. Use the record sets as an origin in the CloudFront distribution.

D.

Create a CloudFront origin group that includes two origins, one for each backend service Region. Configure origin failover as a cache behavior for the CloudFront distribution.

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Questions 55

A company is planning to host a web application on AWS and works to load balance the traffic across a group of Amazon EC2 instances. One of the security requirements is to enable end-to-end encryption in transit between the client and the web server.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Place the EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) Provision an SSL certificate using AWS Certificate Manager (ACM), and associate the SSL certificate with the ALB. Export the SSL certificate and install it on each EC2 instance. Configure the ALB to listen on port443 and to forward traffic to port 443 on the instances.

B.

Associate the EC2 instances with a target group. Provision an SSL certificate using AWS Certificate Manager (ACM). Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution and configure It to use the SSL certificate. Set CloudFront to use the target group as the origin server

C.

Place the EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Provision an SSL certificate using AWS Certificate Manager (ACM), and associate the SSL certificate with the ALB. Provision a third-party SSL certificate and install it on each EC2 instance. Configure the ALB to listen on port 443 and to forward traffic to port 443 on the instances.

D.

Place the EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Provision a third-party SSL certificate and install it on the NLB and on each EC2 instance. Configure the NLB to listen on port 443 and to forward traffic to port 443 on the instances.

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Questions 56

An online magazine will launch its latest edition this month. This edition will be the first to be distributed globally. The magazine ' s dynamic website currently uses an Application Load Balancer in front of the web tier, a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances for web and application servers, and Amazon Aurora MySQL. Portions of the website include static content and almost all traffic is read-only.

The magazine is expecting a significant spike in internet traffic when the new edition is launched. Optimal performance is a top priority for the week following the launch.

Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to reduce system response times for a global audience? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Use logical cross-Region replication to replicate the Aurora MySQL database to a secondary Region. Replace the web servers with Amazon S3. Deploy S3 buckets in cross-Region replication mode.

B.

Ensure the web and application tiers are each in Auto Scaling groups. Introduce an AWS Direct Connect connection. Deploy the web and application tiers in Regions across the world.

C.

Migrate the database from Amazon Aurora to Amazon RDS for MySQL. Ensure all three of the application tiersג€ " web, application, and databaseג€ " are in private subnets.

D.

Use an Aurora global database for physical cross-Region replication. Use Amazon S3 with cross-Region replication for static content and resources. Deploy the web and application tiers in Regions across the world.

E.

Introduce Amazon Route 53 with latency-based routing and Amazon CloudFront distributions. Ensure the web and application tiers are each in Auto Scaling groups.

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Questions 57

A retail company needs to provide a series of data files to another company, which is its business partner These files are saved in an Amazon S3 bucket under Account A. which belongs to the retail company. The business partner company wants one of its 1AM users. User_DataProcessor. to access the files from its own AWS account (Account B).

Which combination of steps must the companies take so that User_DataProcessor can access the S3 bucket successfully? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Turn on the cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) feature for the S3 bucket in Account

B.

In Account A. set the S3 bucket policy to the following:

C.

C. In Account A. set the S3 bucket policy to the following:

D.

D. In Account B. set the permissions of User_DataProcessor to the following:

E.

E. In Account Bt set the permissions of User_DataProcessor to the following:

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Questions 58

A company is running an event ticketing platform on AWS and wants to optimize the platform ' s cost-effectiveness. The platform is deployed on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) with Amazon EC2 and is backed by an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. The company is developing new application features to run on Amazon EKS with AWS Fargate.

The platform experiences infrequent high peaks in demand. The surges in demand depend on event dates.

Which solution will provide the MOST cost-effective setup for the platform?

Options:

A.

Purchase Standard Reserved Instances for the EC2 instances that the EKS cluster uses in its baseline load. Scale the cluster with Spot Instances to handle peaks. Purchase 1-year All Upfront Reserved Instances for the database to meet predicted peak load for the year.

B.

Purchase Compute Savings Plans for the predicted medium load of the EKS cluster. Scale the cluster with On-Demand Capacity Reservations based on event dates for peaks. Purchase 1-year No Upfront Reserved Instances for the database to meet the predicted base load. Temporarily scale out database read replicas during peaks.

C.

Purchase EC2 Instance Savings Plans for the predicted base load of the EKS cluster. Scale the cluster with Spot Instances to handle peaks. Purchase 1-year All Upfront Reserved Instances for the database to meet the predicted base load. Temporarily scale up the DB instance manually during peaks.

D.

Purchase Compute Savings Plans for the predicted base load of the EKS cluster. Scale the cluster with Spot Instances to handle peaks. Purchase 1-year All Upfront Reserved Instances for the database to meet the predicted base load. Temporarily scale up the DB instance manually during peaks.

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Questions 59

An online retail company hosts its stateful web-based application and MySQL database in an on-premises data center on a single server. The company wants to increase its customer base by conducting more marketing campaigns and promotions. In preparation, the company wants to migrate its application and database to AWS to increase the reliability of its architecture.

Which solution should provide the HIGHEST level of reliability?

Options:

A.

Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance. Deploy the application in an Auto Scaling group on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Store sessions in Amazon Neptune.

B.

Migrate the database to Amazon Aurora MySQL. Deploy the application in an Auto Scaling group on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Store sessions in an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis replication group.

C.

Migrate the database to Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility). Deploy the application in an Auto Scaling group on Amazon EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer. Store sessions in Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose.

D.

Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS MariaDB Multi-AZ DB instance. Deploy the application in an Auto Scaling group on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Store sessions in Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached.

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Questions 60

A company is running a three-tier web application in an on-premises data center. The frontend is a PHP application that is served by an Apache web server. The middle tier is a monolithic Java SE application. The storage tier is a 60 TB PostgreSQL database.

The three-tier web application recently crashed and became unresponsive. The database also reached capacity because of read operations. The company wants to migrate to AWS to resolve these issues and improve scalability,

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Configure an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer to host the web server. Use Amazon EFS for the frontend static assets.

B.

Host the static single-page application on Amazon S3. Use an Amazon CloudFront distribution to serve the application.

C.

Create a Docker container to run the Java SE application. Use AWS Fargate to host the container.

D.

Create an AWS Elastic Beanstalk environment for Java to host the Java SE application.

E.

Migrate the PostgreSQL database to an Amazon EC2 instance that is larger than the on-premisesPostgreSQL database.

F.

Use AWS DMS to replatform the PostgreSQL database to an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database. Use Aurora Auto Scaling for read replicas.

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Questions 61

A company wants to design a disaster recovery (DR) solution for an application that runs in the company ' s data center. The application writes to an SMB file share and creates a copy on a second file share. Both file shares are in the data center. The application uses two types of files: metadata files and image files.

The company wants to store the copy on AWS. The company needs the ability to use SMB to access the data from either the data center or AWS if a disaster occurs. The copy of the data is rarely accessed but must be available within 5 minutes.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Deploy AWS Outposts with Amazon S3 storage. Configure a Windows Amazon EC2 instance on Outposts as a file server.

B.

Deploy an Amazon FSx File Gateway. Configure an Amazon FSx for Windows File Server Multi-AZ file system that uses SSD storage.

C.

Deploy an Amazon S3 File Gateway. Configure the S3 File Gateway to use Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) for the metadata files and to use S3 Glacier Deep Archive for the image files.

D.

Deploy an Amazon S3 File Gateway. Configure the S3 File Gateway to use Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) for the metadata files and image files.

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Questions 62

A video processing company wants to build a machine learning (ML) model by using 600 TB of compressed data that is stored as thousands of files in the company ' s on-premises network attached storage system. The company does not have the necessary compute resources on premises for ML experiments and wants to use AWS.

The company needs to complete the data transfer to AWS within 3 weeks. The data transfer will be a one-time transfer. The data must be encrypted in transit. The measured upload speed of the company ' s internet connection is 100 Mbps, and multiple departments share the connection.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Order several AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized devices by using the AWS ManagementConsole. Configure the devices with a destination S3 bucket. Copy the data to the devices. Ship the devices back to AWS.

B.

Set up a 10 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection between the company location and the nearest AWS Region. Transfer the data over a VPN connection into the Region to store the data in Amazon S3.

C.

Create a VPN connection between the on-premises network storage and the nearest AWS Region. Transfer the data over the VPN connection.

D.

Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway on premises. Configure the file gateway with a destination S3 bucket. Copy the data to the file gateway.

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Questions 63

A company needs to aggregate Amazon CloudWatch logs from its AWS accounts into one central logging account. The collected logs must remain in the AWS Region of creation. The central logging account will then process the logs, normalize the logs into standard output format, and stream the output logs to a security tool for more processing.

A solutions architect must design a solution that can handle a large volume of logging data that needs to be ingested. Less logging will occur outside normal business hours than during normal business hours. The logging solution must scale with the anticipated load. The solutions architect has decided to use an AWS Control Tower design to handle the multi-account logging process.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet the requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create a destination Amazon Kinesis data stream in the central logging account.

B.

Create a destination Amazon SQS queue in the central logging account.

C.

Create an IAM role that grants Amazon CloudWatch Logs the permission to add data to the Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create a trust policy. Specify the trust policy in the IAM role. In each member account, create a subscription filter for each log group to send data to the Kinesis data stream.

D.

Create an IAM role that grants Amazon CloudWatch Logs the permission to add data to the Amazon SQS queue. Create a trust policy. Specify the trust policy in the IAM role. In each member account, create a single subscription filter for all log groups to send data to the SQS queue.

E.

Create an AWS Lambda function. Program the Lambda function to normalize the logs in the central logging account and to write the logs to the security tool.

F.

Create an AWS Lambda function. Program the Lambda function to normalize the logs in the member accounts and to write the logs to the security tool.

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Questions 64

A company is using AWS CloudFormation to deploy its infrastructure. The company is concerned that, if a production CloudFormation stack is deleted, important data stored in Amazon RDS databases or Amazon EBS volumes might also be deleted.

How can the company prevent users from accidentally deleting data in this way?

Options:

A.

Modify the CloudFormation templates to add a DeletionPolicy attribute to RDS and EBS resources.

B.

Configure a stack policy that disallows the deletion of RDS and EBS resources.

C.

Modify 1AM policies to deny deleting RDS and EBS resources that are tagged with an " awsrcloudformation: stack-name " tag.

D.

Use AWS Config rules to prevent deleting RDS and EBS resources.

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Questions 65

A company is using AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. For security purposes, the company requires the creation of an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that enables integration with a third-party alerting system in all the Organizations member accounts.

A solutions architect used an AWS CloudFormation template to create the SNS topic and stack sets to automate the deployment of Cloud Formation stacks. Trustedaccess has been enabled in Organizations.

What should the solutions architect do to deploy the CloudFormation StackSets in all AWS accounts?

Options:

A.

Create a stack set in the Organizations member accounts. Use service-managed permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to an organization. Use CloudFormation StackSets drift detection.

B.

Create stacks in the Organizations member accounts. Use self-service permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to an organization. Enable the CloudFormation StackSets automatic deployment.

C.

Create a stack set in the Organizations management account. Use service-managed permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to the organization. Enable CloudFormation StackSets automatic deployment.

D.

Create stacks in the Organizations management account. Use service-managed permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to the organization. Enable CloudFormation StackSets drift detection.

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Questions 66

A company needs to use an AWS Transfer Family SFTP-enabled server with an Amazon S3 bucket to receive updates from a third-party data supplier. The data is encrypted with Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) encryption The company needs a solution that will automatically decrypt the data after the company receives the data

A solutions architect will use a Transfer Family managed workflow The company has created an 1AM service role by using an 1AM policy that allows access to AWS Secrets Manager and the S3 bucket The role ' s trust relationship allows the transfer amazonaws com service to assume the rote

What should the solutions architect do next to complete the solution for automatic decryption ' ?

Options:

A.

Store the PGP public key in Secrets Manager Add a nominal step in the Transfer Family managed workflow to decrypt files Configure PGP encryption parameters in the nominal step Associate the workflow with the Transfer Family server

B.

Store the PGP private key in Secrets Manager Add an exception-handling step in the Transfer Family managed workflow to decrypt files Configure PGP encryption parameters in the exception handler Associate the workflow with the SFTP user

C.

Store the PGP private key in Secrets Manager Add a nominal step in the Transfer Family managed workflow to decrypt files. Configure PGP decryption parameters in the nominal step Associate the workflow with the Transfer Family server

D.

Store the PGP public key in Secrets Manager Add an exception-handling step in the TransferFamily managed workflow to decrypt files Configure PGP decryption parameters in the exception handler Associate the workflow with the SFTP user

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Questions 67

Question:

A company uses IAM Identity Center for data scientist access. Each user should be able to accessonly their own datain an S3 bucket. The company also needs to generatemonthly access reportsper user.

Options:

Options:

A.

Use IAM Identity Center permission sets to allow S3 access scoped to userName tag.

B.

Use a shared IAM Identity Center role for all users and bucket policy.

C.

Use AWS CloudTrail to log S3 data events, query via Athena.

D.

Use CloudTrail management events to CloudWatch, then use Athena.

E.

Use S3 access logs and S3 Select for reporting.

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Questions 68

A company is running an application on premises. The application uses a set of web servers that host a static React-based single-page application (SPA), a Node.js API, and a MYSQL database server. The database is read intensive. The company will need to expand the database ' s storage at an unpredictable rate.

The company must migrate the application to AWS. The company also must modernize the architecture to reduce infrastructure management and increase scalability.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to migrate the database to Amazon RDS for MySQL. Use AWS Application Migration Service to migrate theweb application to a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) load balancer. Use a Spot Fleet with a request type of request to host the API.

B.

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to migrate the database to Amazon Aurora MySQL. Copy the web files to an Amazon S3 bucket and set upweb hosting. Copy the API code to AWS Lambda functions. Configure Amazon API Gateway to point to the Lambda functions.

C.

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to migrate the database to a MySQL database that runs on Amazon EC2 instances. Use AWS DataSync tomigrate the web files and API files to an Amazon FSx for Windows File Server file system. Set up a fleet of EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group as web servers. Mount the FSx for Windows File Server file system.

D.

Use AWS Application Migration Service to migrate the database to Amazon EC2 instances. Copy the web files to containers that run on Amazon ElasticKubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). Set up an Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) load balancer for the EC2 instances and EKS containers. Copy the API code to AWS Lambda functions. Configure Amazon API Gateway to point to the Lambda functions.

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Questions 69

A company is running multiple workloads in the AWS Cloud. The company has separate units for software development. The company uses AWS Organizations and federation with SAML to give permissions to developers to manage resources in their AWS accounts. The development units each deploy their production workloads into a common production account.

Recently, an incident occurred in the production account in which members of a development unitterminated an EC2 instance that belonged to a different development unit. A solutions architect must create a solution that prevents a similar incident from happening in the future. The solution also must allow developers the possibility to manage the instances used for their workloads.

Which strategy will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create separate OUs in AWS Organizations for each development unit. Assign the created OUs to the company AWS accounts. Create separate SCPs with a deny action and a StringNotEquals condition for the DevelopmentUnit resource tag that matches the development unit name. Assign the SCP to the corresponding OU.

B.

Pass an attribute for DevelopmentUnit as an AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) session tag during SAML federation. Update the IAM policy for the developers ' assumed IAM role with a deny action and a StringNotEquals condition for the DevelopmentUnit resource tag and aws:PrincipalTag/ DevelopmentUnit.

C.

Pass an attribute for DevelopmentUnit as an AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) session tag during SAML federation. Create an SCP with an allow action and a StringEquals condition for the DevelopmentUnit resource tag and aws:PrincipalTag/DevelopmentUnit. Assign the SCP to the root OU.

D.

Create separate IAM policies for each development unit. For every IAM policy, add an allow action and a StringEquals condition for the DevelopmentUnit resource tag and the development unit name. During SAML federation, use AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) to assign the IAM policy and match the development unit name to the assumed IAM role.

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Questions 70

A solutions architect is reviewing a company ' s process for taking snapshots of Amazon RDS DB instances. The company takes automatic snapshots every day and retains the snapshots for 7 days.

The solutions architect needs to recommend a solution that takes snapshots every 6 hours and retains the snapshots for 30 days. The company uses AWS Organizations to manage all of its AWS accounts. The company needs a consolidated view of the health of the RDS snapshots.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Turn on the cross-account management feature in AWS Backup. Create a backup plan that specifies the frequency and retention requirements. Add a tag to the DB instances. Apply the backup plan by using tags. Use AWS Backup to monitor the status of the backups.

B.

Turn on the cross-account management feature in Amazon RDS. Create a snapshot global policy that specifies the frequency and retention requirements. Use the RDS console in the management account to monitor the status of the backups.

C.

Turn on the cross-account management feature in AWS CloudFormation. From the management account, deploy a CloudFormation stack set that contains a backup plan from AWS Backup that specifies the frequency and retention requirements. Create an AWS Lambda function in the management account tomonitor the status of the backups. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule in each account to run the Lambda function on a schedule.

D.

Configure AWS Backup in each account. Create an Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager lifecycle policy that specifies the frequency and retention requirements. Specify the DB instances as the target resource. Use the Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager console in each member account to monitor the status of the backups.

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Questions 71

A company is in the process of implementing AWS Organizations to constrain its developers to use only Amazon EC2. Amazon S3 and Amazon DynamoDB. The developers account resides In a dedicated organizational unit (OU). The solutions architect has implemented the following SCP on the developers account:

When this policy is deployed, IAM users in the developers account are still able to use AWS services that are not listed in the policy. What should the solutions architect do to eliminate the developers ' ability to use services outside the scope of this policy?

Options:

A.

Create an explicit deny statement for each AWS service that should be constrained

B.

Remove the Full AWS Access SCP from the developer account ' s OU

C.

Modify the Full AWS Access SCP to explicitly deny all services

D.

Add an explicit deny statement using a wildcard to the end of the SCP

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Questions 72

An international delivery company hosts a delivery management system on AWS. Drivers use the system to upload confirmation of delivery. Confirmation includes the recipient ' s signature or a photo of the package with the recipient. The driver ' s handheld device uploads signatures and photos through FTP to a single Amazon EC2 instance. Each handheld device saves a file in a directory based on the signed-in user, and the file name matches the delivery number. The EC2 instance then adds metadata to the file after querying a central database to pull delivery information. The file is then placed in Amazon S3 for archiving.

As the company expands, drivers report that the system is rejecting connections. The FTP server is having problems because of dropped connections and memory issues. In response to these problems, a system engineer schedules a cron task to reboot the EC2 instance every 30 minutes. The billing team reports that files are not always in the archive and that the central system is not always updated.

A solutions architect needs to design a solution that maximizes scalability to ensure that the archive always receives the files and that systems are always updated. The handheld devices cannot be modified, so the company cannot deploy a new application.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AMI of the existing EC2 instance. Create an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Configure the Auto Scaling group to have a minimum of three instances.

B.

Use AWS Transfer Family to create an FTP server that places the files in Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS). Mount the EFS volume to the existing EC2 instance. Point the EC2 instance to the new path for file processing.

C.

Use AWS Transfer Family to create an FTP server that places the files in Amazon S3. Use an S3 event notification through Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to invoke an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to add the metadata and update the delivery system.

D.

Update the handheld devices to place the files directly in Amazon S3. Use an S3 eventnotification through Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) to invoke an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to add the metadata and update the delivery system.

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Questions 73

A company ' s compliance audit reveals that some Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes that were created in an AWS account were not encrypted. A solutions architect must Implement a solution to encrypt all new EBS volumes at rest

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST effort?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to detect the creation of unencrypted EBS volumes. Invoke an AWS Lambda function to delete noncompliant volumes.

B.

Use AWS Audit Manager with data encryption.

C.

Create an AWS Config rule to detect the creation of a new EBS volume. Encrypt the volume by using AWS Systems Manager Automation.

D.

Turn in EBS encryption by default in all AWS Regions.

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Questions 74

A company uses AWS Cloud Formation to deploy its infrastructure. The company is concerned that data stored in Amazon RDS databases or Amazon EBS volumes might be deleted if a production Cloud Formation stack is deleted.

How can the company prevent users from accidentally deleting data in this way?

Options:

A.

Modify the Cloud Formation templates to add a DeletionPolicy attribute with a Retain deletion policy to RDS resources and EBS resources.

B.

Configure a stack policy that disallows the deletion of RDS resources and EBS resources.

C.

Modify 1AM policies to deny the deletion of RDS resources and EBS resources that are tagged with an aws:cloudformation:stack-name tag.

D.

Use AWS Config rules to prevent the deletion of RDS resources and EBS resources.

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Questions 75

An enterprise company wants to allow its developers to purchase third-party software through AWS Marketplace. The company uses an AWS Organizations account structure with full features enabled, and has a shared services account in each organizational unit (OU) that will be used by procurement managers. The procurement team ' s policy indicates that developers should be able to obtain third-party software from an approved list only and use Private Marketplace in AWS Marketplace to achieve this requirement . The procurement team wants administration of Private Marketplace to be restricted to a role named procurement-manager-role, which could be assumed by procurement managers Other IAM users groups, roles, and account administrators in the company should be denied Private Marketplace administrative access

What is the MOST efficient way to design an architecture to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all AWS accounts in the organization Add the PowerUserAccess managed policy to the role Apply an inline policy to all IAM users and roles in every AWS account to deny permissions on the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy.

B.

Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all AWS accounts in the organization Add the AdministratorAccess managed policy to the role Define a permissions boundary with the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy and attach it to all the developer roles.

C.

Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all the shared services accounts in the organization Add the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy to the role Create an organization root-level SCP to deny permissions to administer Private Marketplace to everyone except the role named procurement-manager-role Create another organization root-level SCP to deny permissions to create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role

D.

Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all AWS accounts that will be used by developers. Add the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy to the role. Create an SCP inOrganizations to deny permissions to administer Private Marketplace to everyone except the role named procurement-manager-role. Apply the SCP to all the shared services accounts in the organization.

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Questions 76

A company is designing an AWS environment tor a manufacturing application. The application has been successful with customers, and the application ' s user base has increased. The company has connected the AWS environment to the company ' s on-premises data center through a 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection. The company has configured BGP for the connection.

The company must update the existing network connectivity solution to ensure that the solution is highly available, fault tolerant, and secure.

Which solution win meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Add a dynamic private IP AWS Site-to-Site VPN as a secondary path to secure data in transit and provide resilience for the Direct Conned connection. Configure MACsec to encrypt traffic inside the Direct Connect connection.

B.

Provision another Direct Conned connection between the company ' s on-premises data center and AWS to increase the transfer speed and provide resilience. Configure MACsec to encrypt traffic inside the Dried Conned connection.

C.

Configure multiple private VIFs. Load balance data across the VIFs between the on-premises data center and AWS to provide resilience.

D.

Add a static AWS Site-to-Site VPN as a secondary path to secure data in transit and to provide resilience for the Direct Connect connection.

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Questions 77

A company has a payment gateway that processes millions of daily transactions on AWS. The solution uses Amazon ECS with a single Amazon EC2 instance that is not configured for auto scaling and an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database. All the solution ' s resources are deployed in the same Availability Zone. The company uses Amazon Route 53 to manage its domain name resolution.

The company needs to implement a new strategy to make the application more highly available.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Set up an Amazon RDS Proxy in front of the Aurora database. Modify the Aurora database to a Multi-AZ DB cluster by adding a read replica in a second Availability Zone.

B.

Configure Amazon ECS services to distribute tasks across multiple Availability Zones. Create a cross-Region read replica of the Aurora database in a second AWS Region. Create a script to perform a manual failover process.

C.

Configure Amazon ECS services on AWS Fargate to distribute tasks across multiple Availability Zones. Modify the Aurora database to a Multi-AZ DB cluster by adding a read replica in a second Availability Zone.

D.

Deploy the gateway application into a second AWS Region. Migrate the Aurora database to an Aurora global database. Configure Route 53 for active-active gateway request routing.

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Questions 78

A company is building an application on Amazon EMR to analyze data. The following user groups need to perform different actions:

• Administrator: Provision EMR clusters from different configurations.

• Data engineer: Create an EMR cluster from a small set of available configurations. Run ETL scripts to process data.

• Data analyst: Create an EMR cluster with a specific configuration. Run SQL queries and Apache Hive queries on the data.

A solutions architect must design a solution that gives each group the ability to launch only its authorized EMR configurations. The solution must provide the groups with least privilege access to only the resources that they need. The solution also must provide tagging for all resources that the groups create.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Service Catalog to control the Amazon EMR versions available for deployment, the cluster configurations, and the permissions for each user group.

B.

Configure Kerberos-based authentication for EMR clusters when the EMR clusters launch. Specify a Kerberos security configuration and cluster-specific Kerberos options.

C.

Create IAM roles for each user group. Attach policies to the roles to define allowed actions for users. Create an AWS Config rule to check for noncompliant resources. Configure the rule to notify the company to address noncompliant resources.

D.

Use AWS CloudFormation to launch EMR clusters with attached resource policies. Create an AWS Config rule to check for noncompliant resources. Configure the rule to notify the company to address noncompliant resources.

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Questions 79

A company has application services that have been containerized and deployed on multiple Amazon EC2 instances with public IPs. An Apache Kafka cluster has been deployed to the EC2 instances. A PostgreSQL database has been migrated to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The company expects a significant increase of orders on its platform when a new version of its flagship product is released.

What changes to the current architecture will reduce operational overhead and support the product release?

Options:

A.

Create an EC2 Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. Create additional read replicas for the DB instance. Create Amazon Kinesis data streams and configure the application services to use the data streams. Store and serve static content directly from Amazon S3.

B.

Create an EC2 Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer. Deploy theDB instance in Multi-AZ mode and enable storage auto scaling. Create Amazon Kinesis data streams and configure the application services to use the data streams. Store and serve static content directly from Amazon S3.

C.

Deploy the application on a Kubernetes cluster created on the EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Deploy the DB instance in Multi-AZ mode and enable storage auto scaling. Create an Amazon Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka cluster and configure the application services to use the cluster. Store static content in Amazon S3 behind an Amazon CloudFront distribution.

D.

Deploy the application on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) with AWS Fargate and enable auto scaling behind an Application Load Balancer. Create additional read replicas for the DB instance. Create an Amazon Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka cluster and configure the application services to use the cluster. Store static content in Amazon S3 behind an Amazon CloudFront distribution.

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Questions 80

A company ' s public API runs as tasks on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The tasks run on AWS Fargate behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and are configured with Service Auto Scaling for the tasks based on CPU utilization. This service has been running well for several months.

Recently, API performance slowed down and made the application unusable. The company discovered that a significant number of SQL injection attacks had occurred against the API and that the API service had scaled to its maximum amount.

A solutions architect needs to implement a solution that prevents SQL injection attacks from reaching the ECS API service. The solution must allow legitimate traffic through and must maximize operational efficiency.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a new AWS WAF web ACL to monitor the HTTP requests and HTTPS requests that are forwarded to the ALB in front of the ECS tasks.

B.

Create a new AWS WAF Bot Control implementation. Add a rule in the AWS WAF Bot Control managed rule group to monitor traffic and allow only legitimate traffic to the ALB in front of the ECS tasks.

C.

Create a new AWS WAF web ACL. Add a new rule that blocks requests that match the SQL database rule group. Set the web ACL to allow all other traffic that does not match those rules. Attach the web ACL to the ALB in front of the ECS tasks.

D.

Create a new AWS WAF web ACL. Create a new empty IP set in AWS WAF. Add a new rule to the web ACL to block requests that originate from IP addresses in the new IP set. Create an AWS Lambda function that scrapes the API logs for IP addresses that send SQL injection attacks, and add those IP addresses to the IP set. Attach the web ACL to the ALB in front of the ECS tasks.

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Questions 81

A company is building a serverless application that runs on an AWS Lambda function that is attached to a VPC. The company needs to integrate the application with a new service from an external provider. The external provider supports only requests that come from public IPv4 addresses that are in an allow list.

The company must provide a single public IP address to the external provider before the application can start using the new service.

Which solution will give the application the ability to access the new service?

Options:

A.

Deploy a NAT gateway. Associate an Elastic IP address with the NAT gateway. Configure the VPC to use the NAT gateway.

B.

Deploy an egress-only internet gateway. Associate an Elastic IP address with the egress-only internet gateway. Configure the elastic network interface on the Lambda function to use the egress-only internet gateway.

C.

Deploy an internet gateway. Associate an Elastic IP address with the internet gateway. Configure the Lambda function to use the internet gateway.

D.

Deploy an internet gateway. Associate an Elastic IP address with the internet gateway. Configure the default route in the public VPC route table to use the internet gateway.

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Questions 82

A company runs a latency-sensitive application that consumes messages from an Amazon Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka (Amazon MSK) cluster. The MSK cluster runs across three Availability Zones.

The current MSK cluster uses Standard brokers with two standard large instances in each Availability Zone. The company wants to minimize latency between Apache Kafka clients that are deployed in the same Availability Zones as the brokers. The company wants to increase available bandwidth and to increase the scaling speed of the cluster. Clients currently use default settings. Some downtime is acceptable while the company implements a solution.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure a predictive scaling policy and set the MSK cluster as the target. Set the target value to 80 and set the scheduling buffer size to 0. Configure a placement group for the Kafka clients and associate the MSK hosts with the placement group.

B.

Configure Cruise Control on the MSK cluster and enable bandwidth control bandwidth and rebalancing. Deploy an Amazon MSK Connect proxy layer that uses latency-based routing. Reconfigure the Kafka clients to use the proxy endpoint.

C.

Replace the Standard brokers with Express brokers that use express large instances. Set the client.rack property for the Kafka clients to az_id.

D.

Resize the brokers to standard xlarge instances. Create MSK PrivateLink endpoints in each Availability Zone. Reconfigure each Kafka client to use the endpoint that is in the same Availability Zone as the client.

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Questions 83

A solutions architect at a large company needs to set up network security tor outbound traffic to the internet from all AWS accounts within an organization in AWS Organizations. The organization has more than 100 AWS accounts, and the accounts route to each other by using a centralized AWS Transit Gateway. Each account has both an internet gateway and a NAT gateway tor outbound traffic to the internet The company deploys resources only into a single AWS Region.

The company needs the ability to add centrally managed rule-based filtering on all outbound traffic to the internet for all AWS accounts in the organization. The peak load of outbound traffic will not exceed 25 Gbps in each Availability Zone.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a new VPC for outbound traffic to the internet. Connect the existing transit gateway to the new VPC. Configure a new NAT gateway. Create an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances that run an open-source internet proxy for rule-based filtering across all Availability Zones in the Region. Modify all default routes to point to the proxy ' s Auto Scaling group.

B.

Create a new VPC for outbound traffic to the internet. Connect the existing transit gateway to the new VPC. Configure a new NAT gateway. Use an AWSNetwork Firewall firewall for rule-based filtering. Create Network Firewall endpoints in each Availability Zone. Modify all default routes to point to the Network Firewall endpoints.

C.

Create an AWS Network Firewall firewall for rule-based filtering in each AWS account. Modify all default routes to point to the Network Firewall firewalls in each account.

D.

In each AWS account, create an Auto Scaling group of network-optimized Amazon EC2 instances that run an open-source internet proxy for rule-based filtering. Modify all default routes to point to the proxy ' s Auto Scaling group.

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Questions 84

To abide by industry regulations, a solutions architect must design a solution that will store a company ' s critical data in multiple public AWS Regions, including in the United States, where the company ' s headquarters is located The solutions architect is required to provide access to the data stored in AWS to the company ' s global WAN network The security team mandates that no traffic accessing this data should traverse the public internet

How should the solutions architect design a highly available solution that meets the requirements and is cost-effective ' ?

Options:

A.

Establish AWS Direct Connect connections from the company headquarters to all AWS Regions in use the company WAN to send traffic over to the headquarters and then to the respective DX connection to access the data

B.

Establish two AWS Direct Connect connections from the company headquarters to an AWS Region Use the company WAN to send traffic over a DX connection Use inter-region VPC peering to access the data in other AWS Regions

C.

Establish two AWS Direct Connect connections from the company headquarters to an AWS Region Use the company WAN to send traffic over a DX connection Use an AWS transit VPC solution to access data in other AWS Regions

D.

Establish two AWS Direct Connect connections from the company headquarters to an AWS Region Use the company WAN to send traffic over a DX connection Use Direct Connect Gateway to access data in other AWS Regions.

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Questions 85

A company is migrating its on-premises IoT platform to AWS. The platform consists of the following components:

A MongoDB cluster as a data store for all collected and processed IoT data.

An application that uses MQTT to connect to IoT devices every 5 minutes to collect data.

An application that runs jobs periodically to generate reports from the IoT data. The jobs take 120–600 seconds to finish running.

A web application that runs on a web server. End users use the web application to generate reports that are accessible to the general public.

The company needs to migrate the platform to AWS to reduce operational overhead while maintaining performance.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? Select THREE.

Options:

A.

Create AWS Step Functions state machines with AWS Lambda tasks to prepare the reports and to write the reports to Amazon S3. Configure an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has an S3 origin to serve the reports.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function. Program the Lambda function to connect to the IoT devices, process the data, and write the data to the data store. Configure a Lambda layer to temporarily store messages for processing.

C.

Configure an Amazon EKS cluster with Amazon EC2 instances to prepare the reports. Create an ingress controller on the EKS cluster to serve the reports.

D.

Connect the IoT devices to AWS IoT Core to publish messages. Create an AWS IoT rule that runs when a message is received. Configure the rule to call an AWS Lambda function. Program the Lambda function to parse, transform, and store device message data to the data store.

E.

Migrate the MongoDB cluster to Amazon DocumentDB.

F.

Migrate the MongoDB cluster to Amazon EC2 instances.

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Questions 86

A company creates an AWS Control Tower landing zone to manage and govern a multi-account AWS environment. The company ' s security team will deploy preventive controls and detective controls to monitor AWS services across all the accounts. The security team needs a centralized view of the security state of all the accounts.

Which solution will meet these requirements ' ?

Options:

A.

From the AWS Control Tower management account, use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to deploy an AWS Config conformance pack to all accounts in the organization

B.

Enable Amazon Detective for the organization in AWS Organizations Designate one AWS account as the delegated administrator for Detective

C.

From the AWS Control Tower management account, deploy an AWS CloudFormation stack set that uses the automatic deployment option to enable Amazon Detective for the organization

D.

Enable AWS Security Hub for the organization in AWS Organizations Designate one AWS account as the delegated administrator for Security Hub

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Questions 87

A company has many separate AWS accounts and uses no central billing or management. Each AWS account hosts services for different departments in the company. The company has a Microsoft Azure Active Directory that is deployed.

A solution architect needs to centralize billing and management of the company’s AWS accounts. The company wants to start using identify federation instead of manual user management. The company also wants to use temporary credentials instead of long-lived access keys.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE)

Options:

A.

Create a new AWS account to serve as a management account. Deploy an organization in AWS Organizations. Invite each existing AWS account to join the organization. Ensure that each account accepts the invitation.

B.

Configure each AWS Account’s email address to be aws+ < account id > @example.com so that account management email messages and invoices are sent to the same place.

C.

Deploy AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) in the management account. Connect IAM Identity Center to the Azure Active Directory. Configure IAM Identity Center for automatic synchronization of users and groups.

D.

Deploy an AWS Managed Microsoft AD directory in the management account. Share the directory with all other accounts in the organization by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM).

E.

Create AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) permission sets. Attach the permission sets to the appropriate IAM Identity Center groups and AWS accounts.

F.

Configure AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) in each AWS account to use AWS Managed Microsoft AD for authentication and authorization.

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Questions 88

Question:

A company needs to copy backups of 40 RDS for MySQL databases from a production account to a central backup account within AWS Organizations. The databases usedefault AWS-managed KMS encryption keys. The backups must be stored in aWORM (Write Once Read Many)backup account.

What is the correct approach to enable cross-account backup?

Options:

A.

Restore the databases with customer-managed KMS keys and use AWS Backup with cross-account vault sharing.

B.

Share the default KMS keys with the central account and create backup vaults in the central account.

C.

Use a Lambda function to decrypt and copy the snapshots to the central account.

D.

Use a Lambda function to share and re-encrypt snapshots across accounts using the default KMS key.

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Questions 89

A company has deployed its database on an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance in the us-east-1 Region. The company needs to make its data available to customers in Europe. The customers in Europe must have access to the same data as customers in the United States (US) and will not tolerate high application latency or stale data. The customers in Europe and the customers in the USneed to write to the database. Both groups of customers need to see updates from the other group in real time.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Aurora MySQL replica of the RDS for MySQL DB instance. Pause application writes to the RDS DB instance. Promote the Aurora Replica to a standalone DB cluster. Reconfigure the application to use the Aurora database and resume writes. Add eu-west-1 as a secondary Region to the 06 cluster. Enable write forwarding on the DB cluster. Deploy the application in eu-west-1. Configure the application to use the Aurora MySQL endpoint

B.

Add a cross-Region replica in eu-west-1 for the RDS for MySQL DB instance. Configure the replica to replicate write queries back to the primary DB instance. Deploy the application in eu-west-1. Configure the application to use the RDS for MySQL endpoint in eu-west-1.

C.

Copy the most recent snapshot from the RDS for MySQL DB instance to eu-west-1. Create a new RDS for MySQL DB instance in eu-west-1 from the snapshot. Configure MySQL logical replication from us-east-1 to eu-west-1. Enable write forwarding on the DB cluster. Deploy the application in eu-west-1. Configure the application to use the RDS for MySQL endpoint in eu-west-1.

D.

Convert the RDS for MySQL DB instance to an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster. Add eu-west-1 as a secondary Region to the DB cluster. Enable write forwarding on the DB cluster. Deploy the application in eu-west-1. Configure the application to use the Aurora MySQL endpoint in eu-west-1.

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Questions 90

A solutions architect has developed a web application that uses an Amazon API Gateway Regional endpoint and an AWS Lambda function. The consumers of the web application are all close to the AWS Region where the application will be deployed. The Lambda function only queries an Amazon Aurora MySQL database. The solutions architect has configured the database to have three read replicas.

During testing, the application does not meet performance requirements. Under high load, the application opens a large number of database connections. The solutions architect must improve the application ' s performance.

Which actions should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Use the cluster endpoint of the Aurora database.

B.

Use RDS Proxy to set up a connection pool to the reader endpoint of the Aurora database.

C.

Use the Lambda Provisioned Concurrency feature.

D.

Move the code for opening the database connection in the Lambda function outside of the event handler.

E.

Change the API Gateway endpoint to an edge-optimized endpoint.

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Questions 91

A company runs a new application as a static website in Amazon S3. The company has deployed the application to a production AWS account and uses Amazon CloudFront to deliver the website. The website calls an Amazon API Gateway REST API. An AWS Lambda function backs each API method.

The company wants to create a CSV report every 2 weeks to show each API Lambda function’s recommended configured memory, recommended cost, and the price difference between current configurations and the recommendations. The company will store the reports in an S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development time?

Options:

A.

Create a Lambda function that extracts metrics data for each API Lambda function from Amazon CloudWatch Logs for the 2-week penod_ Collate the data into tabular format. Store the data as a _csvfile in an S3 bucket. Create an Amazon Eventaridge rule to schedulethe Lambda function to run every 2 weeks.

B.

Opt in to AWS Compute Optimizer. Create a Lambda function that calls the ExportLambdaFunctionRecommendatlons operation. Export the _csv file to an S3 bucket. Create an Amazon Eventaridge rule to schedule the Lambda function to run every 2 weeks.

C.

Opt in to AWS Compute Optimizer. Set up enhanced infrastructure metrics. Within the Compute Optimizer console, schedule a job to export the Lambda recommendations to a _csvfile_ Store the file in an S3 bucket every 2 weeks.

D.

Purchase the AWS Business Support plan for the production account. Opt in to AWS Compute Optimizer for AWS Trusted Advisor checks. In the Trusted Advisor console, schedule a job to export the cost optimization checks to a _csvfile_ Store the file in an S3 bucket every 2 weeks.

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Questions 92

A company needs to implement a patching process for its servers. The on-premises servers and Amazon EC2 instances use a variety of tools to perform patching. Management requires a single report showing the patch status of all the servers and instances.

Which set of actions should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager to manage patches on the on-premises servers and EC2 instances. Use Systems Manager to generate patch compliance reports.

B.

Use AWS OpsWorks to manage patches on the on-premises servers and EC2 instances. Use Amazon OuickSight integration with OpsWorks to generate patch compliance reports.

C.

Use an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to apply patches by scheduling an AWS Systems Manager patch remediation job. Use Amazon Inspector to generate patch compliance reports.

D.

Use AWS OpsWorks to manage patches on the on-premises servers and EC2 instances. Use AWS X-Ray to post the patch status to AWS Systems Manager OpsCenter to generate patch compliance reports.

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Questions 93

A company is using an on-premises Active Directory service for user authentication. The company wants to use the same authentication service to sign in to the company ' s AWS accounts, which are using AWS Organizations. AWS Site-to-Site VPN connectivity already exists between the on-premises environment and all the company ' s AWS accounts.

The company ' s security policy requires conditional access to the accounts based on user groups and roles. User identities must be managed in a single location.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Single Sign-On (AWS SSO) to connect to Active Directory by using SAML 2.0. Enable automatic provisioning by using the System for Cross- domain Identity Management (SCIM) v2.0 protocol. Grant access to the AWS accounts by using attribute-based access controls (ABACs).

B.

Configure AWS Single Sign-On (AWS SSO) by using AWS SSO as an identity source. Enable automatic provisioning by using the System for Cross-domain Identity Management (SCIM) v2.0 protocol. Grant access to the AWS accounts by using AWS SSO permission sets.

C.

In one of the company ' s AWS accounts, configure AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to use a SAML 2.0 identity provider. Provision IAM users that are mapped to the federated users. Grant access that corresponds to appropriate groups in Active Directory. Grant access to the required AWS accounts by using cross-account IAM users.

D.

In one of the company ' s AWS accounts, configure AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to use an OpenID Connect (OIDC) identity provider. Provision IAM roles that grant access to the AWS account for the federated users that correspond to appropriate groups in Active Directory. Grant access to the required AWS accounts by using cross-account IAM roles.

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Questions 94

A software as a service (SaaS) company uses AWS to host a service that is powered by AWS PrivateLink. The service consists of proprietary software that runs on three Amazon EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NL B). The instances are in private subnets in multiple Availability Zones in the eu-west-2 Region. All the company ' s customers are in eu-west-2.

However, the company now acquires a new customer in the us-east-I Region. The company creates a new VPC and new subnets in us-east-I. The company establishes

inter-Region VPC peering between the VPCs in the two Regions.

The company wants to give the new customer access to the SaaS service, but the company does not want to immediately deploy new EC2 resources in us-east-I

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure a PrivateLink endpoint service in us-east-I to use the existing NL B that is in eu-west-2. Grant specific AWS accounts access to connect to theSaaS service.

B.

Create an NL B in us-east-I . Create an IP target group that uses the IP addresses of the company ' s instances in eu-west-2 that host the SaaS service.Configure a PrivateLink endpoint service that uses the NLB that is in us-east-I . Grant specific AWS accounts access to connect to the SaaS service.

C.

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the EC2 instances in eu-west-2. Create an NLB in us-east-I . Associate the NLB that is in us-east-Iwith an ALB target group that uses the ALB that is in eu-west-2. Configure a PrivateLink endpoint service that uses the NLB that is in us-east-I . Grantspecific AWS accounts access to connect to the SaaS service.

D.

Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share the EC2 instances that are in eu-west-2. In us-east-I , create an NLB and an instance targetgroup that includes the shared EC2 instances from eu-west-2. Configure a PrivateLink endpoint service that uses the NL B that is in us-east-I. Grant specific AWS accounts access to connect to the SaaS service.

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Questions 95

A company runs a test application on an Amazon EC2 instance. Testing clients across the United States send data to the application by using a REST API. As traffic increases, application response times increase. The company wants to migrate to a serverless architecture and stream data to clients through WebSockets.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a new Amazon API Gateway REST API. Implement the business logic in AWS Lambda functions. Set the Lambda functions as integrations to the new REST API. Create a new AWS Step Functions state machine and set the clients as targets. Use the state machine to send data back to the clients.

B.

Create a new Amazon API Gateway HTTP API and an Amazon SQS queue. Configure the HTTP API to integrate with the SQS queue. Implement the business logic in an AWS Lambda function. Use the SQS queue to invoke the Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to write data to an AWS AppSync Events channel. Ensure that the clients subscribe to the AWS AppSync Events channel.

C.

Create a new AWS AppSync API and a new Amazon SQS queue. Integrate the SQS queue with the AWS AppSync API. Update the current business logic to consume from the SQS queue. Create a new Amazon EventBridge event bus and an EventBridge rule. Set the clients as targets for the rule. Use the EventBridge event bus to send data back to the clients.

D.

Create a new Amazon CloudFront distribution. Implement the business logic in a CloudFront function. Set the CloudFront function as an origin of the CloudFront distribution. Enable AWS IoT Core. Configure the CloudFront function to write data to an MQTT topic. Ensure that the clients subscribe to the IoT Core MQTT topic through WebSockets.

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Questions 96

A company is running a large containerized workload in the AWS Cloud. The workload consists of approximately 100 different services. The company uses Amazon ECS to orchestrate the workload.

Recently, the company’s development team started using AWS Fargate instead of Amazon EC2 instances in the ECS cluster. In the past, the workload has come close to running the maximum number of EC2 instances that are available in the account.

The company is worried that the workload could reach the maximum number of ECS tasks that are allowed. A solutions architect must implement a solution that will notify the development team when Fargate reaches 80% of the maximum number of tasks.

What should the solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor the Sample Count statistic for each service in the ECS cluster. Set an alarm for when the math expression sample count/SERVICE_QUOTA service times 100 is greater than 80. Notify the development team by using Amazon SNS.

B.

Use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor service quotas that are published under the AWS/Usage metric namespace. Set an alarm for when the math expression metric/SERVICE_QUOTA metric times 100 is greater than 80. Notify the development team by using Amazon SNS.

C.

Create an AWS Lambda function to poll detailed metrics from the ECS cluster. When the number of running Fargate tasks is greater than 80, invoke Amazon SES to notify the development team.

D.

Create an AWS Config rule to evaluate whether the Fargate service quota is greater than 80. Use Amazon SES to notify the development team when the AWS Config rule is not compliant.

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Questions 97

A delivery company needs to migrate its third-party route planning application to AWS. The third party supplies a supported Docker image from a public registry. The image can run in as many containers as required to generate the route map.

The company has divided the delivery area into sections with supply hubs so that delivery drivers travel the shortest distance possible from the hubs to the customers. To reduce the time necessary to generate route maps, each section uses its own set of Docker containers with a custom configuration that processes orders only in the section ' s area.

The company needs the ability to allocate resources cost-effectively based on the number of running containers.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster on Amazon EC2. Use the Amazon EKS CLI to launch the planning application in pods by using the -tags option to assign a custom tag to the pod.

B.

Create an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster on AWS Fargate. Use the Amazon EKS CLI to launch the planning application. Use the AWS CLI tag-resource API call to assign a custom tag to the pod.

C.

Create an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster on Amazon EC2. Use the AWS CLI with run-tasks set to true to launch the planning application by using the -tags option to assign a custom tag to the task.

D.

Create an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster on AWS Fargate. Use the AWS CLI run-task command and set enableECSManagedTags to true to launch the planning application. Use the --tags option to assign a custom tag to the task.

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Questions 98

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage the company ' s AWS accounts. The company uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy all infrastructure. A finance team wants to buikJ a chargeback model The finance team asked each business unit to tag resources by using a predefined list of project values.

When the finance team used the AWS Cost and Usage Report in AWS Cost Explorer and filtered based on project, the team noticed noncompliant project values. The company wants to enforce the use of project tags for new resources.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?

Options:

A.

Create a tag policy that contains the allowed project tag values in the organization ' s management account. Create an SCP that denies the cloudformation:CreateStack API operation unless a project tag is added. Attach the SCP to each OU.

B.

Create a tag policy that contains the allowed project tag values in each OU. Create an SCP that denies the cloudformation:CreateStack API operation unless a project tag is added. Attach the SCP to each OU.

C.

Create a tag policy that contains the allowed project tag values in the AWS management account. Create an 1AM policy that denies the cloudformation:CreateStack API operation unless a project tag is added. Assign the policy to each user.

D.

Use AWS Service Catalog to manage the CloudFoanation stacks as products. Use a TagOptions library to control project tag values. Share the portfolio with all OUs that are in the organization.

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Questions 99

A company has a serverless application comprised of Amazon CloudFront, Amazon API Gateway, and AWS Lambda functions. The current deployment process of the application code is to create a new version number of the Lambda function and run an AWS CLI script to update. If the new function version has errors, another CLI script reverts by deploying the previous working version of the function. The company would like to decrease the time to deploy new versions of the application logic provided by the Lambda functions, and also reduce the time to detect and revert when errors are identified.

How can this be accomplished?

Options:

A.

Create and deploy nested AWS CloudFormation stacks with the parent stack consisting of the AWS CloudFront distribution and API Gateway, and the child stack containing the Lambda function. For changes to Lambda, create an AWS CloudFormation change set and deploy; if errors are triggered, revert the AWS CloudFormation change set to the previous version.

B.

Use AWS SAM and built-in AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the new Lambda version, gradually shift traffic to the new version, and use pre-traffic and post-traffic test functions to verify code. Rollback if Amazon CloudWatch alarms are triggered.

C.

Refactor the AWS CLI scripts into a single script that deploys the new Lambda version. When deployment is completed, the script tests execute. If errors are detected, revert to the previous Lambda version.

D.

Create and deploy an AWS CloudFormation stack that consists of a new API Gateway endpoint that references the new Lambda version. Change the CloudFront origin to the new API Gateway endpoint, monitor errors and if detected, change the AWS CloudFront origin to the previous API Gateway endpoint.

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Questions 100

A company built an ecommerce website on AWS using a three-tier web architecture. The application is Java-based and composed of an Amazon CloudFront distribution, an Apache web server layer of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group, and a backend Amazon Aurora MySQL database.

Last month, during a promotional sales event, users reported errors and timeouts while adding items to their shopping carts. The operations team recovered the logs created by the web servers and reviewed Aurora DB cluster performance metrics. Some of the web servers were terminated before logs could be collected and the Aurora metrics were not sufficient for query performance analysis.

Which combination of steps must the solutions architect take to improve application performance visibility during peak traffic events? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Configure the Aurora MySQL DB cluster to publish slow query and error logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

B.

Implement the AWS X-Ray SDK to trace incoming HTTP requests on the EC2 instances and implement tracing of SQL queries with the X-Ray SDK for Java.

C.

Configure the Aurora MySQL DB cluster to stream slow query and error logs to Amazon Kinesis

D.

Install and configure an Amazon CloudWatch Logs agent on the EC2 instances to send the Apache logs to CloudWatch Logs.

E.

Enable and configure AWS CloudTrail to collect and analyze application activity from Amazon EC2 and Aurora.

F.

Enable Aurora MySQL DB cluster performance benchmarking and publish the stream to AWS X-Ray.

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Questions 101

A financial company needs to create a separate AWS account for a new digital wallet application. The company uses AWS Organizations to manage its accounts. A solutions architect uses the 1AM user Supportl from the management account to create a new member account with finance1@example.com as the email address.

What should the solutions architect do to create IAM users in the new member account?

Options:

A.

Sign in to the AWS Management Console with AWS account root user credentials by using the 64-character password from the initial AWS Organizations email senttofinance1@example.com. Set up the IAM users as required.

B.

From the management account, switch roles to assume the OrganizationAccountAccessRole role with the account ID of the new member account. Set up the IAM users as required.

C.

Go to the AWS Management Console sign-in page. Choose " Sign in using root account credentials. " Sign in in by using the email address finance1@example.com and the management account ' s root password. Set up the IAM users as required.

D.

Go to the AWS Management Console sign-in page. Sign in by using the account ID of the new member account and the Supportl IAM credentials. Set up the IAM users as required.

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Questions 102

A company is refactoring its on-premises order-processing platform in the AWS Cloud. The platform includes a web front end that is hosted on a fleet of VMs RabbitMQ to connect the front end to the backend, and a Kubernetes cluster to run a containerized backend system to process the orders. The company does not want to make any major changes to the application

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an AMI of the web server VM Create an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group that uses the AMI and an Application Load Balancer Set up Amazon MQ to replace the on-premises messaging queue Configure Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) to host the order-processing backend

B.

Create a custom AWS Lambda runtime to mimic the web server environment Create an Amazon API Gateway API to replace the front-end web servers Set up Amazon MQ to replace the on-premises messaging queue Configure Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) to host the order-processing backend

C.

Create an AMI of the web server VM Create an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group that uses the AMI and an Application Load Balancer Set up Amazon MQ to replace the on-premises messaging queue Install Kubernetes on a fleet of different EC2 instances to host the order-processing backend

D.

Create an AMI of the web server VM Create an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group that uses the AMI and an Application Load Balancer Set up an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue to replace the on-premises messaging queue Configure Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) to host the order-processing backend

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Questions 103

A company wants to use AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) to manage employee access to AWS services. The company uses AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts.

Each employee has their own IAM user. Each IAM user is a member of at least one IAM group. Each IAM group has an attached policy that allows members to assume

specific roles across the accounts. The roles contain appropriate policies for the expected activities of each group of users in each account. All relevant accounts exist inside a single OU.

The company has already created new users and groups in IAM Identity Center to match the permissions that exist in IAM.

How should the company use IAM Identity Center to implement the existing permissions?

Options:

A.

For each group, create policies in each account. Give the policies the same name in each account. Create a new permission set. Add the name of the newpolicies to the permission set. Assign user access to the AWS accounts in IAM Identity Center.

B.

For each group, create a new permission set. Attach the relevant existing IAM roles in each account to the permission set. Create a new customer managedpolicy that allows the group to assume the roles. Assign user access to the AWS accounts in IAM Identity Center.

C.

For each group, create a new permission set. Create policies in each account. Give each policy a unique name. Set the path of each policy to match thename of the permission set. Assign user access to the AWS accounts in IAM Identity Center.

D.

Add the OU to the accounts configuration in IAM Identity Center. For each group, create policies in each account. Create a new permission set. Add the newpolicies to the permission set as customer managed policies. Attach each new policy to the correct account in the account configuration in IAM IdentityCenter.

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Questions 104

A company ' s factory and automaton applications are running in a single VPC More than 23 applications run on a combination of Amazon EC2, Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS), are Amazon RDS.

The company has software engineers spread across three teams. One of the three teams owns each application, and each team is responsible for the cost and performance of all of its applications.Team resources have tags that represent their application and team. The learns use IAH access for daily activities.

The company needs to determine which costs on the monthly AWS bill are attributable to each application or team. The company also must be able to create reports to compare costs item the last 12 months and to help forecast costs tor the next 12 months. A solution architect must recommend an AWS Billing and Cost Management solution that provides these cost reports.

Which combination of actions will meet these requirement? Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Activate the user-defined cost allocation tags that represent the application and the team.

B.

Activate the AWS generated cost allocation tags that represent the application and the team.

C.

Create a cost category for each application in Billing and Cost Management

D.

Activate IAM access to Billing and Cost Management.

E.

Create a cost budget

F.

Enable Cost Explorer.

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Questions 105

A company has developed a hybrid solution between its data center and AWS. The company uses Amazon VPC and Amazon EC2 instances that send application logs to Amazon CloudWatch. The EC2 instances read data from multiple relational databases that are hosted on premises.

The company wants to monitor which EC2 instances are connected to the databases in near real time. The company already has a monitoring solution that uses Splunk on premises. A solutions architect needs to determine how to send networking traffic to Splunk.

How should the solutions architect meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable VPC flow logs and send them to CloudWatch. Create an AWS Lambda function to periodically export the CloudWatch logs to an Amazon S3 bucket by using the predefined export function. Generate ACCESS_KEY and SECRET_KEY AWS credentials. Configure Splunk to pull the logs from the S3 bucket by using those credentials.

B.

Create an Amazon Data Firehose delivery stream with Splunk as the destination. Configure a pre-processing AWS Lambda function with a Firehose stream processor that extracts individual log events from records sent by CloudWatch Logs subscription filters. Enable VPC flow logs and send them to CloudWatch. Create a CloudWatch Logs subscription that sends log events to the Firehose delivery stream.

C.

Ask the company to log every request that is made to the databases along with the EC2 instance IP address. Export the CloudWatch logs to an Amazon S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to query the logs grouped by database name. Export Athena results to another S3 bucket. Invoke an AWS Lambda function to automatically send any new file that is put in the S3 bucket to Splunk.

D.

Send the CloudWatch logs to an Amazon Kinesis data stream with Amazon Managed Service for Apache Flink (previously known as Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics). Configure a 1-minute sliding window to collect the events. Create a SQL query that uses the anomaly detection template to monitor any networking traffic anomalies in near real time. Send the result to an Amazon Data Firehose delivery stream with Splunk as the destination.

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Questions 106

A company runs a web application on a single Amazon EC2 instance. End users experience slow application performance during times of peak usage, when CPU utilization is consistently more than 95%.

A user data script installs required custom packages on the EC2 instance. The process of launchingthe instance takes several minutes.

The company is creating an Auto Scaling group that has mixed instance groups, varied CPUs, and a maximum capacity limit. The Auto Scaling group will use a launch template for various configuration options. The company needs to decrease application latency when new instances are launched during auto scaling.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use a predictive scaling policy. Use an instance maintenance policy to run the user data script. Set the default instance warmup time to 0 seconds.

B.

Use a dynamic scaling policy. Use lifecycle hooks to run the user data script. Set the default instance warmup time to 0 seconds.

C.

Use a predictive scaling policy. Enable warm pools for the Auto Scaling group. Use an instance maintenance policy to run the user data script.

D.

Use a dynamic scaling policy. Enable warm pools for the Auto Scaling group. Use lifecycle hooks to run the user data script.

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Questions 107

Question:

A company runs a Linux app on Amazon EKS usingM6iEC2 instances under a Savings Plan that is about to expire. They want toreduce costsafter expiration.

Options:

A.

Rebuild containers forARM64architecture.

B.

Rebuild containers for container compatibility (invalid/unclear).

C.

Migrate EKS nodes toGraviton(e.g., C7g, M7g).

D.

Replace nodes with latestx86_64instances.

E.

Purchase new Savings Plan for Graviton instance family.

F.

Purchase new Savings Plan for x86_64 instances.

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Questions 108

An online survey company runs its application in the AWS Cloud. The application is distributed and consists of microservices that run in an automatically scaled Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster. The ECS cluster is a target for an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The ALB is a custom origin for an Amazon CloudFront distribution.

The company has a survey that contains sensitive data. The sensitive data must be encrypted when it moves through the application. The application ' s data-handling microservice is the only microservice that should be able to decrypt the data.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a symmetric AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Create a field-level encryption profile and a configuration. Associate the KMS key and the configuration with the CloudFront cache behavior.

B.

Create an RSA key pair that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Upload the public key to the CloudFront distribution. Create a field-level encryption profile and a configuration. Add the configuration to the CloudFront cache behavior.

C.

Create a symmetric AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Create a Lambda@Edge function. Program the function to use the KMS key to encrypt the sensitive data.

D.

Create an RSA key pair that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Create a Lambda@Edge function. Program the function to use the private key of the RSA key pair to encrypt the sensitive data.

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Questions 109

A solutions architect is determining the DNS strategy for an existing VPC. The VPC is provisioned to use the 10.24.34.0/24 CIDR block. The VPC also uses Amazon Route 53 Resolver for DNS. New requirements mandate that DNS queries must use private hosted zones. Additionally, instances that have public IP addresses must receive corresponding public hostnames.

Which solution will meet these requirements to ensure that the domain names are correctly resolved within the VPC?

Options:

A.

Create a private hosted zone. Activate the enableDnsSupport attribute and the enableDnsHostnames attribute for the VPC. Update the VPC DHCP options set to include domain-name-servers-10.24.34.2.

B.

Create a private hosted zone. Associate the private hosted zone with the VPC. Activate the enableDnsSupport attribute and the enableDnsHostnames attribute for the VPC. Create a new VPC DHCP options set, and configure domain-name-servers=AmazonProvidedDNS. Associate the new DHCP options set with the VPC.

C.

Deactivate the enableDnsSupport attribute for the VPC. Activate the enableDnsHostnames attribute for the VPC. Create a new VPC DHCP options set, and configure domain-name-servers=10.24.34.2. Associate the new DHCP options set with the VPC.

D.

Create a private hosted zone. Associate the private hosted zone with the VPC. Activate the enableDnsSupport attribute for the VPC. Deactivate the enableDnsHostnames attribute for the VPC. Update the VPC DHCP options set to include domain-name-servers=AmazonProvidedDNS.

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Questions 110

A company runs a web-crawling process on a list of target URLs to obtain training documents for machine learning (ML) training algorithms. A fleet of Amazon EC2 t2.micro instances pulls the target URLs from an Amazon SQS queue. The instances write the result of the crawling algorithm as a CSV file to an Amazon EFS volume. The EFS volume is mounted on all instances in the fleet.

A second system occasionally adds the URLs to the SQS queue. The EC2 instances crawl each new URL in 10 seconds or less.

Metrics indicate that some instances are idle when no URLs are in the SQS queue. A solutions architect needs to redesign the architecture to optimize costs.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Use m5.8xlarge instances instead of t2.micro instances for the web-crawling process. Reduce the number of instances in the fleet by 50%.

B.

Use an AWS Lambda function to run the web-crawling process. Configure the Lambda function to pull URLs from the SQS queue.

C.

Modify the web-crawling process to store results in Amazon Neptune.

D.

Modify the web-crawling process to store results in an Amazon Aurora Serverless MySQL instance.

E.

Modify the web-crawling process to store results in Amazon S3.

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Questions 111

A company needs to implement a disaster recovery (DR) plan for a web application. The application runs in a single AWS Region.

The application uses microservices that run in containers. The containers are hosted on AWS Fargate in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The application has an Amazon RDS for MYSQL DB instance as its data layer and uses Amazon Route 53 for DNS resolution. An Amazon CloudWatch alarm invokes an

Amazon EventBridge rule if the application experiences a failure.

A solutions architect must design a DR solution to provide application recovery to a separate Region. The solution must minimize the time that is necessary to recover

from a failure.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Set up a second ECS cluster and ECS service on Fargate in the separate Region. Create an AWS Lambda function to perform the following actions: take asnapshot of the ROS DB instance. copy the snapshot to the separate Region. create a new RDS DB instance frorn the snapshot, and update Route 53 toroute traffic to the second ECS cluster. Update the EventBridge rule to add a target that will invoke the Lambda function.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function that creates a second ECS cluster and ECS service in the separate Region. Configure the Lambda function to perform thefollowing actions: take a snapshot of th QRDS DB instance, copy the snapshot to the separate Region. create a new RDS DB instance from the snapshot.and update Route 53 to route traffic to the second ECS cluster. Update the EventBridge rule to add a target that will invoke the Lambda function.

C.

Set up a second ECS cluster and ECS service on Fargate in the separate Region. Create a cross-Region read replica of the RDS DB instance in theseparate Region. Create an AWS Lambda function to prornote the read replica to the primary database. Configure the Lambda function to update Route 53to route traffic to the second ECS cluster. Update the EventBridge rule to add a target that will invoke the Lambda function.

D.

Set up a second ECS cluster and ECS service on Fargate in the separate Region. Take a snapshot of the ROS DB instance. Convert the snapshot to anAmazon DynamoDB global table. Create an AWS Lambda function to update Route 53 to route traffic to the second ECS cluster Update the EventBridgerule to add a target that will invoke the Lambda function.

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Questions 112

A company is running an application in the AWS Cloud. The core business logic is running on a set of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. An Application Load Balancer (ALB) distributes traffic to the EC2 instances. Amazon Route 53 record api.example.com is pointing to the ALB.

The company ' s development team makes major updates to the business logic. The company has a rule that when changes are deployed, only 10% of customers can receive the new logic during a testing window. A customer must use the same version of the business logic during the testing window.

How should the company deploy the updates to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a second ALB, and deploy the new logic to a set of EC2 instances in a new Auto Scaling group. Configure the ALB to distribute traffic to the EC2 instances. Update the Route 53 record to use weighted routing, and point the record to both of the ALBs.

B.

Create a second target group that is referenced by the ALB. Deploy the new logic to EC2 instances in this new target group. Update the ALB listener rule to use weighted target groups. Configure ALB target group stickiness.

C.

Create a new launch configuration for the Auto Scaling group. Specify the launch configuration to use the AutoScaIingRoIIingUpdate policy, and set the MaxBatchSize option to 10. Replace the launch configuration on the Auto Scaling group. Deploy the changes.

D.

Create a second Auto Scaling group that is referenced by the ALB. Deploy the new logic on a set of EC2 instances in this new Auto Scaling group. Change the ALB routing algorithm to least outstanding requests (LOR). Configure ALB session stickiness.

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Questions 113

A company has several Amazon DynamoDB tables in an AWS Region. Each table has more than 100,000 records and was created with default table settings.

To reduce costs, the company needs to identify unused tables. However, the company must maintain the availability and current performance capability of the tables in case the company must use the tables in the future.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

In Amazon CloudWatch, graph the sum of the ReadThrottleEvents metric and the sum of the WriteThrottleEvents metric for each table over a period of 1 month.

B.

In Amazon CloudWatch, graph the sum of the ConsumedReadCapacityUnits metric and the sum of the ConsumedWriteCapacityUnits metric for each table over a period of 1 month.

C.

Change the provisioned RCUs to 1 for the unused tables. Change the provisioned WCUs to 1 for the unused tables.

D.

Change the capacity mode of the unused tables to on-demand mode.

E.

Change the table class of the unused tables to DynamoDB Standard-Infrequent Access (DynamoDB Standard-IA).

F.

Purchase a reserved capacity of 1 RCU and 1 WCU for each unused table.

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Questions 114

A company has more than 10.000 sensors that send data to an on-premises Apache Kafka server by using the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. The on-premises Kafka server transforms the data and then stores the results as objects in an Amazon S3 bucket.

Recently, the Kafka server crashed. The company lost sensor data while the server was being restored. A solutions architect must create a new design on AWS that is highly available and scalable to prevent a similar occurrence.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Launch two Amazon EC2 instances to host the Kafka server in an active/standby configuration across two Availability Zones. Create a domain name in Amazon Route 53. Create a Route 53 failover policy. Route the sensors to send the data to the domain name.

B.

Migrate the on-premises Kafka server to Amazon Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka (Amazon MSK). Create a Network Load Balancer (NLB) that points to the Amazon MSK broker Enable NL8 health checks. Route the sensors to send the data to the NLB.

C.

Deploy AWS loT Core, and connect it to an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream. Use an AWS Lambda function to handle data transformation. Route the sensors to send the data to AWS loT Core.

D.

Deploy AWS loT Core, and launch an Amazon EC2 instance to host the Kafka server. Configure AWS loT Core to send the data to the EC2 instance. Route the sensors to send the data to AWS loT Core.

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Questions 115

A company is migrating its on-premises file transfer solution to AWS Transfer Family. The on-premises host includes an SFTP server to receive files, an application that performs a transformation of the files, and a messaging server. The transformations run every 5 minutes. When a transformation is complete, the application sends a message to a queue on the messaging server. The company needs to simplify the solution and reduce the management of the components. What should the company do to meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Configure Transfer Family to use Amazon EFS storage. Use a cron job on Amazon EFS to perform the transformations. Configure the cron job to publish a message to an Amazon SNS topic when a file has been transformed.

B.

Configure Transfer Family to use Amazon S3 storage. Use Amazon EMR to perform the transformations. Configure Amazon EMR to send a message to an Amazon SNS topic when a file has been transformed.

C.

Configure Transfer Family to use Amazon S3 storage. Use AWS Glue to perform the transformations after S3 event notifications. Configure AWS Glue to send a message to an Amazon SQS queue when a file has been transformed.

D.

Configure Transfer Family to use Amazon EFS storage. Create an AWS Glue time-based job to run every 5 minutes to initiate an AWS Glue transformation. Configure AWS Glue to send a message to an Amazon SQS queue when a file has been transformed.

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Questions 116

A company ' s inventory application stores data in an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster in a single AWS Region. The company wants to improve resiliency by extending the database infrastructure to a secondary Region. The company wants an RTO of 15 minutes and an RPO of 5 minutes. The solution must not run Aurora DB instances in the secondary Region when the application is operational in the primary Region. Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS DMS to copy the Aurora DB cluster in the primary Region to the secondary Region. Use AWS DMS to synchronize the primary DB cluster with the secondary DB cluster.

B.

Create a new Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster in the secondary Region. Use AWS Backup to synchronize the primary DB cluster with the secondary DB cluster.

C.

Create a headless Aurora DB cluster in the second Region that is part of the same global DB cluster as the primary Region ' s DB cluster.

D.

Create an AWS Backup job to back up the DB cluster and copy the DB cluster to the secondary Region every 5 minutes.

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Questions 117

A solutions architect is planning to migrate critical Microsoft SOL Server databases to AWS. Because the databases are legacy systems, the solutions architect will move the databases to a modern data architecture. The solutions architect must migrate the databases with near-zero downtime.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Application Migration Service and the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT). Perform an In-place upgrade before the migration. Export the migrated data to Amazon Aurora Serverless after cutover. Repoint the applications to Amazon Aurora.

B.

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to Rehost the database. Set Amazon S3 as a target. Set up change data capture (CDC) replication. When the source and destination are fully synchronized, load the data from Amazon S3 into an Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server DB Instance.

C.

Use native database high availability tools Connect the source system to an Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server DB instance Configure replication accordingly. When data replication is finished, transition the workload to an Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server DB instance.

D.

Use AWS Application Migration Service. Rehost the database server on Amazon EC2. When data replication is finished, detach the database and move the database to an Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server DB instance. Reattach the database and then cut over all networking.

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Questions 118

A company is preparing to deploy an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster for a workload. The company expects the cluster to support an

unpredictable number of stateless pods. Many of the pods will be created during a short time period as the workload automatically scales the number of replicas that the workload uses.

Which solution will MAXIMIZE node resilience?

Options:

A.

Use a separate launch template to deploy the EKS control plane into a second cluster that is separate from the workload node groups.

B.

Update the workload node groups. Use a smaller number of node groups and larger instances in the node groups.

C.

Configure the Kubernetes Cluster Autoscaler to ensure that the compute capacity of the workload node groups stays under provisioned.

D.

Configure the workload to use topology spread constraints that are based on Availability Zone.

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Questions 119

A company is running several workloads in a single AWS account. A new company policy states that engineers can provision only approved resources and that engineers must use AWS CloudFormation to provision these resources. A solutions architect needs to create a solution to enforce the new restriction on the IAM role that the engineers use for access.

What should the solutions architect do to create the solution?

Options:

A.

Upload AWS CloudFormation templates that contain approved resources to an Amazon S3 bucket. Update the IAM policy for the engineers ' IAM role to only allow access to Amazon S3 and AWS CloudFormation. Use AWS CloudFormation templates to provision resources.

B.

Update the IAM policy for the engineers ' IAM role with permissions to only allow provisioning of approved resources and AWS CloudFormation. Use AWS CloudFormation templates to create stacks with approved resources.

C.

Update the IAM policy for the engineers ' IAM role with permissions to only allow AWS CloudFormation actions. Create a new IAM policy with permission to provision approved resources, and assign the policy to a new IAM service role. Assign the IAM service role to AWS CloudFormation during stack creation.

D.

Provision resources in AWS CloudFormation stacks. Update the IAM policy for the engineers ' IAM role to only allow access to their own AWS CloudFormation stack.

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Questions 120

A company is planning a one-time migration of an on-premises MySQL database to Amazon Aurora MySQL in the us-east-1 Region. The company ' s current internet connection has limited bandwidth. The on-premises MySQL database is 60 TB in size The company estimates that it will take a month to transfer the data to AWS over the current internet connection.

The company needs a migration solution that will migrate the database more quickly

Which solution will migrate the database in the LEAST amount of time?

Options:

A.

Request a 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises data center and AWS Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to migrate the on-premises MySQL database to Aurora MySQL.

B.

Use AWS DataSync with the current internet connection to accelerate the data transfer between the on-premises data center and AWS Use AWS Application Migration Service to migrate the on-premises MySQL database to Aurora MySQL.

C.

Order an AWS Snowball Edge Device Load the data into an Amazon S3 bucket by using the S3 interface Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to migrate the data from Amazon S3 to Aurora MySQL

D.

Order an AWS Snowball Device Load the data into an Amazon S3 bucket by usingthe S3 Adapter for Snowball Use AWS Application Migration Service to migrate the data from Amazon S3 to Aurora MySQL.

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Questions 121

A company runs a processing engine in the AWS Cloud The engine processes environmental data from logistics centers to calculate a sustainability index The company has millions of devices in logistics centers that are spread across Europe The devices send information to the processing engine through a RESTful API

The API experiences unpredictable bursts of traffic The company must implement a solution to process all data that the devices send to the processing engine Data loss is unacceptable

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for the RESTful API Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue Create a listener and a target group for the ALB Add the SQS queue as the target Use a container that runs in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with the Fargate launch type to process messages in the queue

B.

Create an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API that implements the RESTful API Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue Create an API Gateway service integration with the SQS queue Create an AWS Lambda function toprocess messages in the SQS queue

C.

Create an Amazon API Gateway REST API that implements the RESTful API Create a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group Create an API Gateway Auto Scaling group proxy integration Use the EC2 instances to process incoming data

D.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution for the RESTful API Create a data stream in Amazon Kinesis Data Streams Set the data stream as the origin for the distribution Create an AWS Lambda function to consume and process data in the data stream

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Questions 122

A company migrated to AWS and uses AWS Business Support. The company wants to monitor thecost-effectiveness of Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances have tags for department, business unit, and environment. Development EC2 instances have high cost but low utilization.

The company needs to detect and stop any underutilized development EC2 instances. Instances are underutilized if they had 10% or less average CPU utilization and 5 MB or less network I/O for at least 4 of the past 14 days.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Configure Amazon CloudWatch dashboards to monitor EC2 instance utilization based on tags for department, business unit, and environment. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that invokes an AWS Lambda function to stop underutilized development EC2 instances.

B.

Configure AWS Systems Manager to track EC2 instance utilization and report underutilized instances to Amazon CloudWatch. Filter the CloudWatch data by tags for department, business unit, and environment. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that invokes an AWS Lambda function to stop underutilized EC2 instances.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to detect low utilization of EC2 instances reported by AWS Trusted Advisor. Configure the rule to invoke a Lambda function that filters the data by tags for department, business unit, and environment and stops underutilized development EC2 instances.

D.

Create an AWS Lambda function to run daily to retrieve utilization data for all EC2 instances. Save the data to an Amazon DynamoDB table. Create a QuickSight dashboard that uses the DynamoDB table as a data source to identify and stop underutilized development EC2 instances.

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Questions 123

A company’s web application uses an Amazon API Gateway API, AWS Lambda functions, and Amazon DynamoDB global tables to handle backend requests. The web application is deployed in two AWS Regions in an active-passive model. The company uses Amazon Route 53 for DNS. The web application requires a manual DNS update to fail over to the secondary Region. An analytics Lambda function runs in the same AWS account. The function has caused Lambda concurrency to reach 90% of the current quota on an average day. A recent surge in traffic for the analytics workload resulted in throttled Lambda requests and a poor user experience for the web application users. A solutions architect must increase the reliability of the web application. The solution must use an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to send an Amazon SNS notification when the Lambda concurrency reaches a specific utilization threshold. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Set reserved concurrency on the web application Lambda functions. Implement Route 53 health checks and failover records to route traffic to the secondary Region. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to use the AWS Trusted Advisor ServiceLimitUsage metric and to send the SNS notification.

B.

Set reserved concurrency on the web application Lambda functions. Implement Route 53 health checks and latency records to route traffic to the secondary Region. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to use the AWS Trusted Advisor ServiceLimitUsage metric and to send an SNS notification.

C.

Set provisioned concurrency on the web application Lambda functions. Implement Route 53 health checks and failover records to route traffic to the secondary Region. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to use the Lambda ConcurrentExecutions metric and to send an SNS notification.

D.

Set provisioned concurrency on the web application Lambda functions. Implement Route 53 health checks and geolocation records to route traffic to the secondary Region. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to use the Lambda ProvisionedConcurrencyInvocations metric and to send an SNS notification.

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Questions 124

A company runs a highly available data collection application on Amazon EC2 in the eu-north-1 Region. The application collects data from end-user devices and writes records to an Amazon Kinesis data stream and a set of AWS Lambda functions that process the records. The company persists the output of the record processing to an Amazon S3 bucket in eu-north-1. The company uses the data in the S3 bucket as a data source for Amazon Athena.

The company wants to increase its global presence. A solutions architect must launch the data collection capabilities in the sa-east-1 and ap-northeast-1 Regions. The solutions architect deploys the application, the Kinesis data stream, and the Lambda functions in the two new Regions. The solutions architect keeps the S3 bucket in eu-north-1 to meet a requirement to centralize the data analysis.

During testing of the new setup, the solutions architect notices a significant lag on the arrival of data from the new Regions to the S3 bucket.

Which solution will improve this lag time the MOST?

Options:

A.

In each of the two new Regions, set up the Lambda functions to run in a VPC. Set up an S3 gateway endpoint in that VPC.

B.

Turn on S3 Transfer Acceleration on the S3 bucket in eu-north-1. Change the application to use the new S3 accelerated endpoint when the application uploads data to the S3 bucket.

C.

Create an S3 bucket in each of the two new Regions. Set the application in each new Region to upload to its respective S3 bucket. Set up S3 Cross-Region Replication to replicate data to the S3 bucket in eu-north-1.

D.

Increase the memory requirements of the Lambda functions to ensure that they have multiple cores available. Use the multipart upload feature when the application uploads data to Amazon S3 from Lambda.

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Questions 125

A company wants to use a third-party software-as-a-service (SaaS) application. The third-party SaaS application is consumed through several API calls. The third-party SaaS application also runs on AWS inside a VPC.

The company will consume the third-party SaaS application from inside a VPC. The company has internal security policies that mandate the use of private connectivity that does not traverse the internet. No resources that run in the company VPC are allowed to be accessed from outside the company’s VPC. All permissions must conform to the principles of least privilege.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS PrivateLink interface VPC endpoint. Connect this endpoint to the endpoint service that the third-party SaaS application provides. Create a security group to limit the access to the endpoint. Associate the security group with the endpoint.

B.

Create an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between the third-party SaaS application and thecompany VPC. Configure network ACLs to limit access across the VPN tunnels.

C.

Create a VPC peering connection between the third-party SaaS application and the company VPUpdate route tables by adding the needed routes for the peering connection.

D.

Create an AWS PrivateLink endpoint service. Ask the third-party SaaS provider to create an interface VPC endpoint for this endpoint service. Grant permissions for the endpoint service to the specific account of the third-party SaaS provider.

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Questions 126

A solutions architect must analyze a company ' s Amazon EC2 Instances and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes to determine whether the company is using resources efficiently The company is running several large, high-memory EC2 instances lo host database dusters that are deployed in active/passive configurations The utilization of these EC2 instances varies by the applications that use the databases, and the company has not identified a pattern

The solutions architect must analyze the environment and take action based on the findings.

Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create a dashboard by using AWS Systems Manager OpsConter Configure visualizations tor Amazon CloudWatch metrics that are associated with the EC2 instances and their EBS volumes Review the dashboard periodically and identify usage patterns Right size the EC2 instances based on the peaks in the metrics

B.

Turn on Amazon CloudWatch detailed monitoring for the EC2 instances and their EBS volumes Create and review a dashboard that is based on the metrics Identify usage patterns Right size the FC? instances based on the peaks In the metrics

C.

Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on each of the EC2 Instances Turn on AWS Compute Optimizer, and let it run for at least 12 hours Review the recommendations from Compute Optimizer, and right size the EC2 instances as directed

D.

Sign up for the AWS Enterprise Support plan Turn on AWS Trusted Advisor Wait 12 hours Review the recommendations from Trusted Advisor, and rightsize the EC2 instances as directed

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Questions 127

A global ecommerce company has many data centers around the world. With the growth of its stored data, the company needs to set up a solution to provide scalable storage for legacy on-premises file applications. The company must be able to take point-in-time copies of volumes by using AWS Backup and must retain low-latency access to frequently accessed data. The company also needs to have storage volumes that can be mounted as Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) devices from the company ' s on-premises application servers.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Provision an AWS Storage Gateway tape gateway. Configure the tape gateway to store data in anAmazon S3 bucket. Deploy AWS Backup to take point-in-time copies of the volumes.

B.

Provision an Amazon FSx File Gateway and an Amazon S3 File Gateway. Deploy AWS Backup to take point-in-time copies of the data.

C.

Provision an AWS Storage Gateway volume gateway in cache mode. Back up the on-premises Storage Gateway volumes with AWS Backup.

D.

Provision an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway in cache mode. Deploy AWS Backup to take point-in-time copies of the volumes.

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Questions 128

A public retail web application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of Amazon EC2 instances running across multiple Availability Zones (AZs) in a Region backed by an Amazon RDS MySQL Multi-AZ deployment. Target group health checks are configured to use HTTP and pointed at the product catalog page. Auto Scaling is configured to maintain the web fleet size based on the ALB health check.

Recently, the application experienced an outage. Auto Scaling continuously replaced the instances during the outage. A subsequent investigation determined that the web server metrics were within the normal range, but the database tier was experiencing high toad, resulting in severely elevated query response times.

Which of the following changes together would remediate these issues while improving monitoring capabilities for the availability and functionality of the entire application stack for future growth? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Configure read replicas for Amazon RDS MySQL and use the single reader endpoint in the web application to reduce the load on the backend database tier.

B.

Configure the target group health check to point at a simple HTML page instead of a product catalog page and the Amazon Route 53 health check against the product page to evaluate full application functionality. Configure Ama7on CloudWatch alarms to notify administrators when the site fails.

C.

Configure the target group health check to use a TCP check of the Amazon EC2 web server and the Amazon Route S3 health check against the product page to evaluate full application functionality. Configure Amazon CloudWatch alarms to notify administrators when the site fails.

D.

Configure an Amazon CtoudWatch alarm for Amazon RDS with an action to recover a high-load, impaired RDS instance in the database tier.

E.

Configure an Amazon Elastic ache cluster and place it between the web application and RDS MySQL instances to reduce the load on the backend database tier.

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Questions 129

A company hosts an application on AWS. The application uses AWS Lambda functions that are invoked by an Amazon API Gateway API. The company has an Amazon CloudFront distribution that uses the API Gateway API as its origin. The CloudFront distribution serves web requests to customers worldwide.

During testing, users experienced slow responses from the application APIs. The company discovered that requests from different AWS Regions contained inconsistent query parameters with mixed-case letters, which caused increased cache misses and more requests to reach the Lambda functions.

The company wants to ensure that the API consistently provides responses with minimal latency.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a new Lambda function to sort incoming request query parameters alphabetically and convert the parameters to lowercase. Configure the CloudFront distribution to use the Lambda@Edge function type. Configure the Lambda function to invoke on origin request.

B.

Create a CloudFront function to sort incoming request query parameters alphabetically and convert the parameters to lowercase. Configure the CloudFront distribution to use the CloudFront Functions function type. Configure the CloudFront function to invoke on viewer request.

C.

Configure the API Gateway API to use mapping templates to sort incoming request query parameters alphabetically and convert the parameters to lowercase before Lambda processes the request.

D.

Configure the API Gateway API to use a Lambda authorizer to sort incoming request query parameters alphabetically and convert the parameters to lowercase before Lambda processes the request.

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Questions 130

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage its development environment. Each development team at the company has its own AWS account Each account has a single VPC and CIDR blocks that do not overlap.

The company has an Amazon Aurora DB cluster in a shared services account All the development teams need to work with live data from the DB cluster

Which solution will provide the required connectivity to the DB cluster with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) resource share tor the DB cluster. Share the DB cluster with all the development accounts

B.

Create a transit gateway in the shared services account Create an AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) resource share for the transit gateway Share the transit gateway with all the development accounts Instruct the developers to accept the resource share Configure networking.

C.

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that points to the IP address of the DB cluster Create an AWS PrivateLink endpoint service that uses the ALB Add permissions to allow each development account to connect to the endpoint service

D.

Create an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection in the shared services account Configure networking Use AWS Marketplace VPN software in each development account to connect to the Site-to-Site VPN connection

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Questions 131

A company is building a hybrid environment that includes servers in an on-premises data center and in the AWS Cloud. The company has deployed Amazon EC2 instances in three VPCs. Each VPC is in a different AWS Region. The company has established an AWS Direct Connect connection to the data center from the Region that is closest to the data center.

The company needs the servers in the on-premises data center to have access to the EC2 instances in all three VPCs. The servers in the on-premises data center also must have access to AWS public services.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST cost? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create a Direct Connect gateway in the Region that is closest to the data center. Attach the Direct Connect connection to the Direct Connect gateway. Use the

B.

Direct Connect gateway to connect the VPCs in the other two Regions.

C.

Set up additional Direct Connect connections from the on-premises data center to the other two Regions.

D.

Create a private VIE.Establish an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection over the private VIF to the VPCs in the other two Regions.

E.

Create a public VIF. Establish an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection over the public VIF to the VPCs in the other two Regions.

F.

Use VPC peering to establish a connection between the VPCs across the Regions. Create a private VIF with the existing Direct Connect connection to connect to the peered VPCs.

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Questions 132

A company has an online learning platform that teaches data science. The platform uses the AWS Cloud to provision on-demand lab environments for its students. Each student receives a dedicated AWS account for a short time. Students need access to ml.p2.xlarge instances to run a single Amazon SageMaker machine learning training job and to deploy the inference endpoint. Account provisioning is automated. The accounts are members of an organization in AWS Organizations with all features enabled. The accounts must be provisioned in the ap-southeast-2 Region. The default resource usage quotas are not sufficient for the accounts. A solutions architect must enhance the account provisioning process to include automated quota increases. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a quota request template in the us-east-1 Region in the organization ' s management account. Enable template association. Add a quota for SageMaker in ap-southeast-2 for ml.p2.xlarge training job usage. Set the desired quota to 1. Add a quota for SageMaker in ap-southeast-2 for ml.p2.xlarge endpoint usage. Set the desired quota to 1.

B.

Create a quota request template in the us-east-1 Region in the organization ' s management account. Enable template association. Add a quota for SageMaker in ap-southeast-2 for ml.p2.xlarge training warm pool usage. Set the desired quota to 2.

C.

Create a quota request template in ap-southeast-2 in the organization ' s management account. Enable template association. Add a quota for SageMaker in the us-east-1 Region for ml.p2.xlarge training job usage. Set the desired quota to 1. Add a quota for SageMaker in us-east-1 for ml.p2.xlarge endpoint usage. Set the desired quota to 1.

D.

Create a quota request template in ap-southeast-2 in the organization ' s management account. Enable template association. Add a quota for SageMaker in the us-east-1 Region for ml.p2.xlarge training warm pool usage. Set the desired quota to 2.

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Questions 133

A company collects air quality data from sensors. The company plans to use the MQTT protocol to send the data to AWS IoT Core. The company will process the data and then will store the data in an Amazon Aurora database.

During periods of low air quality, sensors will send data more frequently. The company must buffer the data during these periods to make sure that no data is lost before the data is processed and stored.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create an AWS IoT rule action and set the data stream as the target. Create an AWS Step Functions state machine that is invoked by the data stream. Use the state machine to process and store the data.

B.

Create an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create an AWS IoT rule action and set the data stream as the target. Create an application that runs on an Amazon ECS cluster with the AWS Fargate launch type. Configure the application to read data from the data stream, process the data, and store the data.

C.

Create an Amazon SQS queue. Create an AWS IoT rule action and set the SQS queue as the target. Create an AWS Step Functions state machine that is invoked by the SQS queue. Use the state machine to process and store the data.

D.

Create an Amazon SNS topic. Create an AWS IoT rule action and set the SNS topic as the target. Create an application that runs on an Amazon ECS cluster with the AWS Fargate launch type. Configure the application to read data from the SNS topic, process the data, and store the data.

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Questions 134

A company is running a containerized workload on AWS. The workload consists of several data-processing services that run on a group of Amazon EC2 instances.

The company uploads new data to an Amazon S3 bucket every night. A cron job on each EC2 instance starts the data processing every night. The amount of uploaded data varies. The data-processing tasks can take hours to finish running. After the data is processed, the services remain idle until the next processing window occurs the next night. The company needs a solution to modernize the architecture and reduce the operational overhead.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Migrate the workload to AWS Lambda functions that run the container images. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to filter S3 events and invoke the Lambda functions when data is uploaded to the S3 bucket.

B.

Migrate the workload to run as tasks in an Amazon ECS cluster that runs on AWS Fargate. Create an AWS Step Functions state machine to invoke the Fargate tasks. Configure S3 Event Notifications to invoke the state machine tasks when data is uploaded to the S3 bucket.

C.

Migrate the workload to run as tasks in an Amazon ECS cluster that runs on AWS Fargate. Create an AWS Step Functions state machine to invoke the Fargate tasks. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the state machine when data is uploaded to the S3 bucket.

D.

Migrate the workload to AWS Lambda functions by packaging the container images as Lambda layers. Configure S3 Event Notifications to invoke the Lambda functions when data is uploaded to the S3 bucket.

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Questions 135

A company has developed a mobile game. The backend for the game runs on several virtual machines located in an on-premises data center. The business logic is exposed using a REST API with multiple functions. Player session data is stored in central file storage. Backend services use different API keys for throttling and to distinguish between live and test traffic.

The load on the game backend varies throughout the day. During peak hours, the server capacity is not sufficient. There are also latency issues when fetching player session data. Management has asked a solutions architect to present a cloud architecture that can handle the game ' s varying load and provide low-latency data access. The API model should not be changed.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Implement the REST API using a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Run the business logic on an Amazon EC2 instance behind the NLB. Store player session data in Amazon Aurora Serverless.

B.

Implement the REST API using an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Run the business logic in AWS Lambda. Store player session data in Amazon DynamoDB with on-demand capacity.

C.

Implement the REST API using Amazon API Gateway. Run the business logic in AWS Lambda. Store player session data in Amazon DynamoDB with on- demand capacity.

D.

Implement the REST API using AWS AppSync. Run the business logic in AWS Lambda. Store player session data in Amazon Aurora Serverless.

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Questions 136

A company wants to migrate its data analytics environment from on premises to AWS The environment consists of two simple Node js applications One of the applications collects sensor data and loads it into a MySQL database The other application aggregates the data into reports When the aggregation jobs run. some of the load jobs fail to run correctly

The company must resolve the data loading issue The company also needs the migration to occur without interruptions or changes for the company ' s customers

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Set up an Amazon Aurora MySQL database as a replication target for the on-premises database Create an Aurora Replica for the Aurora MySQL database, and move the aggregation jobs to run against the Aurora Replica Set up collection endpomts as AWS Lambda functions behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). and use Amazon RDS Proxy to wnte to the Aurora MySQL database When the databases are synced disable the replication job and restart the Aurora

B.

Set up an Amazon Aurora MySQL database Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to perform continuous data replication from the on-premises database to Aurora Move the aggregation jobs to run against the Aurora MySQL database Set up collection endpomts behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) as Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group When the databases are synced, point the collector DNS record to the ALB Disable the AWS DMS syn

C.

Set up an Amazon Aurora MySQL database Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to perform continuous data replication from the on-premises database to Aurora Create an AuroraReplica for the Aurora MySQL database and move the aggregation jobs to run against the Aurora Replica Set up collection endpoints as AWS Lambda functions behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and use Amazon RDS Proxy to write to the Aurora MySQL database When t

D.

Set up an Amazon Aurora MySQL database Create an Aurora Replica for the Aurora MySQL database and move the aggregation jobs to run against the Aurora Replica Set up collection endpoints as an Amazon Kinesis data stream Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to replicate the data to the Aurora MySQL database When the databases are synced disable the replication job and restart the Aurora Replica as the primary instance Point the collector DNS reco

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Questions 137

A company has five development teams that have each created five AWS accounts to develop and host applications. To track spending, the development teams log in to each account every month, record the current cost from the AWS Billing and Cost Management console, and provide the information to the company ' s finance team.

The company has strict compliance requirements and needs to ensure that resources are created only in AWS Regions in the United States. However, some resources have been created in other Regions.

A solutions architect needs to implement a solution that gives the finance team the ability to track and consolidate expenditures for all the accounts. The solution also must ensure that the company can create resources only in Regions in the United States.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create a new account to serve as a management account. Create an Amazon S3 bucket for the finance learn Use AWS Cost and Usage Reports to create monthly reports and to store the data in the finance team ' s S3 bucket.

B.

Create a new account to serve as a management account. Deploy an organization in AWS Organizations with all features enabled. Invite all the existing accounts to the organization. Ensure that each account accepts the invitation.

C.

Create an OU that includes all the development teams. Create an SCP that allows the creation of resources only in Regions that are in the United States. Apply the SCP to the OU.

D.

Create an OU that includes all the development teams. Create an SCP that denies (he creation of resources in Regions that are outside the United States. Apply the SCP to the OU.

E.

Create an 1AM role in the management account Attach a policy that includes permissions to view the Billing and Cost Management console. Allow the finance learn users to assume the role. Use AWS Cost Explorer and the Billing and Cost Management console to analyze cost.

F.

Create an 1AM role in each AWS account. Attach a policy that includes permissions to view the Billing and Cost Management console. Allow the finance team users to assume the role.

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Questions 138

A company manages hundreds of AWS accounts centrally in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company recently started to allow product teams to create and manage their own S3 access points in their accounts. The S3 access points can be accessed only within VPCs, not on the internet.

What is the MOST operationally efficient way to enforce this requirement?

Options:

A.

Set the S3 access point resource policy to deny the s3:CreateAccessPoint action unless the s3:AccessPointNetworkOrigin condition key evaluates to vpc.

B.

Create an SCP at the root level in the organization to deny the s3:CreateAccessPoint action unless the s3:AccessPointNetworkOrigin condition key evaluates to VPC.

C.

Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to create a new IAM policy in each AWS account that allows the s3:CreateAccessPoint action only if the s3:AccessPointNetworkOrigin condition key evaluates to VPC.

D.

Set the S3 bucket policy to deny the s3:CreateAccessPoint action unless the s3:AccessPointNetworkOrigin condition key evaluates to VPC.

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Questions 139

A company is using an organization in AWS Organizations to manage hundreds of AWS accounts. A solutions architect is working on a solution to provide baseline protection for the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) top 10 web application vulnerabilities. The solutions architect is using AWS WAF for all existing and new Amazon CloudFront distributions that are deployed within the organization.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to provide the baseline protection? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Config in all accounts.

B.

Enable Amazon GuardDuty in all accounts.

C.

Enable all features for the organization.

D.

Use AWS Firewall Manager to deploy AWS WAF rules in all accounts for all CloudFront distributions.

E.

Use AWS Shield Advanced to deploy AWS WAF rules in all accounts for all CloudFront distributions.

F.

Use AWS Security Hub to deploy AWS WAF rules in all accounts for all CloudFront distributions.

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Questions 140

A company needs to run large batch-processing jobs on data that is stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The jobs perform simul-ations. The results of the jobs are not time sensitive, and the process can withstand interruptions.

Each job must process 15-20 GB of data when the data is stored in the S3 bucket. The company will store the output from the jobs in a different Amazon S3 bucket for further analysis.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create a serverless data pipeline. Use AWS Step Functions for orchestration. Use AWS Lambda functions with provisioned capacity to process the data.

B.

Create an AWS Batch compute environment that includes Amazon EC2 Spot Instances. Specify the SPOT_CAPACITY_OPTIMIZED allocation strategy.

C.

Create an AWS Batch compute environment that includes Amazon EC2 On-Demand Instances and Spot Instances. Specify the SPOT_CAPACITY_OPTIMIZED allocation strategy for the Spot Instances.

D.

Use Amazon EKS to run the processing jobs. Use managed node groups that contain a combination of Amazon EC2 On-Demand Instances and Spot Instances.

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Questions 141

A company established a data-sharing agreement with a supplier. A solutions architect must establish bidirectional access to Amazon S3 buckets for the company’s organization in AWS Organizations and the supplier’s organization. The company’s S3 buckets are in the us-east-1 Region. The supplier’s buckets are in the us-west-1 Region. The company must encrypt data at rest and collect logs of all S3 bucket access.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create S3 Access Grants that have specific permissions in the source accounts. Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share the access grants with both organizations. Use server-side encryption with AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS) to encrypt the data. Grant the target accounts access to the KMS keys. Configure AWS CloudTrail to log S3 data events.

B.

Set up VPC peering connections between the VPCs of the two organizations. Use AWS PrivateLink to implement S3 interface endpoints. Configure IAM policies in each organization to control endpoint access. Use Amazon S3 server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3) to encrypt the data. Enable VPC Flow Logs.

C.

Create S3 Access Points for both organizations, and use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share the access points. Attach IAM policies that grant cross-organization access to the access points. Use customer managed AWS KMS keys to encrypt the data. Enable AWS CloudTrail in both Regions.

D.

Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication. Create an SCP to allow S3:GetObject and S3:PutObject actions. Share the SCP between both organizations. Use Amazon S3 server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3) to encrypt the data. Implement S3 server access logging.

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Questions 142

A company is using AWS to develop and manage its production web application. The application includes an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API that invokes an AWS Lambda function. The Lambda function processes and then stores data in a database.

The company wants to implement user authorization for the web application in an integrated way. The company already uses a third-party identity provider that issues OAuth tokens for the company ' s other applications.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Integrate the company ' s third-party identity provider with API Gateway. Configure an API Gateway Lambda authorizer to validate tokens from the identity provider. Require the Lambda authorizer on all API routes. Update the web application to get tokens from the identity provider and include the tokens in the Authorization header when calling the API Gateway HTTP API.

B.

Integrate the company ' s third-party identity provider with AWS Directory Service. Configure Directory Service as an API Gateway authorizer to validate tokens from the identity provider. Require the Directory Service authorizer on all API routes. Configure AWS IAM Identity Center as a SAML 2.0 identity provider. Configure the web application as a custom SAML 2.0 application.

C.

Integrate the company ' s third-party identity provider with AWS IAM Identity Center. Configure API Gateway to use IAM Identity Center for zero-configuration authentication and authorization. Update the web application to retrieve AWS STS tokens from IAM Identity Center and include the tokens in the Authorization header when calling the API Gateway HTTP API.

D.

Integrate the company ' s third-party identity provider with AWS IAM Identity Center. Configure IAM users with permissions to call the API Gateway HTTP API. Update the web application to extract request parameters from the IAM users and include the parameters in the Authorization header when calling the API Gateway HTTP API.

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Questions 143

A video processing company has an application that downloads images from an Amazon S3 bucket, processes the images, stores a transformed image in a second S3 bucket, and updates metadata about the image in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The application is written in Node.js and runs by using an AWS Lambda function. The Lambda function is invoked when a new image is uploaded to Amazon S3.

The application ran without incident for a while. However, the size of the images has grown significantly. The Lambda function is now failing frequently with timeout errors. The function timeout is set to its maximum value. A solutions architect needs to refactor the application’s architecture to prevent invocation failures. The company does not want to manage the underlying infrastructure.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Modify the application deployment by building a Docker image that contains the application code. Publish the image to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR).

B.

Create a new Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) task definition with a compatibility type of AWS Fargate. Configure the task definition to use the new image in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Adjust the Lambda function to invoke an ECS task by using the ECS task definition when a new file arrives in Amazon S3.

C.

Create an AWS Step Functions state machine with a Parallel state to invoke the Lambda function. Increase the provisioned concurrency of the Lambda function.

D.

Create a new Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) task definition with a compatibility type of Amazon EC2. Configure the task definition to use the new image in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Adjust the Lambda function to invoke an ECS task by using the ECS task definition when a new file arrives in Amazon S3.

E.

Modify the application to store images on Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) and to store metadata on an Amazon RDS DB instance. Adjust the Lambda function to mount the EFS file share.

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Questions 144

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations that has multiple AWS accounts. The accounts host multiple resources that are tagged with a CostCenter tag key. The tag value is the name of the team. The company wants to accurately identify the cost of the resources so that the company can charge each team accordingly.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Activate the CostCenter user-defined tag in the organization ' s management account. Configure monthly AWS Cost and Usage Reports to save to an Amazon S3 bucket in the management account. Use the tag breakdown in the report to obtain the total cost for the resources that have the CostCenter tag.

B.

Activate the CostCenter user-defined tag in every member account. Configure monthly AWS Cost and Usage Reports to save to an Amazon S3 bucket in the management account. Create an AWS Lambda function that runs monthly to retrieve the reports and calculate the total cost for the resources that have the CostCenter tag.

C.

Activate the CostCenter user-defined tag in every member account. Schedule a monthly AWS Cost and Usage Report from the management account. Use the tag breakdown in the report to calculate the total cost for the resources that have the CostCenter tag.

D.

Customize a report in the AWS Trusted Advisor organization view. Configure the report to generate monthly billing summaries for resources that have the CostCenter tag under the AWS accounts.

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Questions 145

A company is moving a business-critical, multi-tier application to AWS. The architecture consists of a desktop client application and server infrastructure. The server infrastructure resides in an on-premises data center that frequently fails to maintain the application uptime SLA of 99.95%. A solutions architect must re-architect the application to ensure that it can meet or exceed the SLA.

The application contains a PostgreSQL database running on a single virtual machine. The business logic and presentation layers are load balanced between multiple virtual machines. Remote users complain about slow load times while using this latency-sensitive application.

Which of the following will meet the availability requirements with little change to the application while improving user experience and minimizing costs?

Options:

A.

Migrate the database to a PostgreSQL database in Amazon EC2. Host the application and presentation layers in automatically scaled Amazon ECS containers behind an Application Load Balancer. Allocate an Amazon WorkSpaces Workspace for each end user to improve the user experience.

B.

Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS Aurora PostgreSQL configuration. Host the application and presentation layers in an Auto Scaling configuration on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. Use Amazon AppStream 2.0 to improve the user experience.

C.

Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS PostgreSQL Multi-AZ configuration. Host the application and presentation layers in automatically scaled AWS Fargate containers behind a Network Load Balancer. Use Amazon ElastiCache to improve the user experience.

D.

Migrate the database to an Amazon Redshift cluster with at least two nodes. Combine and host the application and presentation layers in automatically scaled Amazon ECS containers behind an Application Load Balancer. Use Amazon CloudFront to improve the user experience.

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Questions 146

A company has multiple AWS accounts that are in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company needs to store AWS account activity and query the data from a central location by using SQL.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CloudTrail trail in each account. Specify CloudTrail management events for the trail. Configure CloudTrail to send the events to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Configure CloudWatch cross-account observability. Query the data in CloudWatch Logs Insights.

B.

Use a delegated administrator account to create an AWS CloudTrail Lake data store. Specify CloudTrail management events for the data store. Enable the data store for all accounts tn the organization. Query the data in CloudTrail Lake.

C.

Use a delegated administrator account to create an AWS CloudTrail trail. Specify CloudTrail management events for the trail. Enable the trail for all accounts in the organization. Keep all other settings as default. Query the CloudTrail data from the CloudTrail event history page.

D.

Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to deploy AWS CloudTrail Lake data stores in each account. Specify CloudTrail management events for the data stores. Keep all other settings as default. Query the data in CloudTrail Lake.

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Questions 147

A company is migrating a document processing workload to AWS. The company has updated many applications to natively use the Amazon S3 API to store, retrieve, and modify documents that a processing server generates at a rate of approximately 5 documents every second. After the document processing is finished, customers can download the documents directly from Amazon S3.

During the migration, the company discovered that it could not immediately update the processing server that generates many documents to support the S3 API. The server runs on Linux and requires fast local access to the files that the server generates and modifies. When the server finishes processing, the files must be available to the public for download within 30 minutes.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of effort?

Options:

A.

Migrate the application to an AWS Lambda function. Use the AWS SDK for Java to generate, modify, and access the files that the company stores directly in Amazon S3.

B.

Set up an Amazon S3 File Gateway and configure a file share that is linked to the document store. Mount the file share on an Amazon EC2 instance by using NFS. When changes occur in Amazon S3, initiate a RefreshCache API call to update the S3 File Gateway.

C.

Configure Amazon FSx for Lustre with an import and export policy. Link the new file system to an S3 bucket. Install the Lustre client and mount the document store to an Amazon EC2 instance by using NFS.

D.

Configure AWS DataSync to connect to an Amazon EC2 instance. Configure a task to synchronize the generated files to and from Amazon S3.

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Questions 148

A company ' s solutions architect is reviewing a web application that runs on AWS. The application references static assets in an Amazon S3 bucket in the us-east-1 Region. The company needs resiliency across multiple AWS Regions. The company already has created an S3 bucket in a second Region.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Configure the application to write each object to both S3 buckets. Set up an Amazon Route 53 public hosted zone with a record set by using a weighted routing policy for each S3 bucket. Configure the application to reference the objects by using the Route 53 DNS name.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function to copy objects from the S3 bucket in us-east-1 to the S3 bucket in the second Region. Invoke the Lambda function each time an object is written to the S3 bucket in us-east-1. Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an origin group that contains the two S3 buckets as origins.

C.

Configure replication on the S3 bucket in us-east-1 to replicate objects to the S3 bucket in the second Region Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an origin group that contains the two S3 buckets as origins.

D.

Configure replication on the S3 bucket in us-east-1 to replicate objects to the S3 bucket in the second Region. If failover is required, update the application code to load S3 objects from the S3 bucket in the second Region.

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Questions 149

A company is running an application in the AWS Cloud. The company ' s security team must approve the creation of all new IAM users. When a new IAM user is created, all access for the user must be removed automatically. The security team must then receive a notification to approve the user. The company has a multi-Region AWS CloudTrail trail In the AWS account.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule. Define a pattern with the detail-type value set to AWS API Call via CloudTrail and an eventName of CreateUser.

B.

Configure CloudTrail to send a notification for the CreateUser event to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

C.

Invoke a container that runs in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with AWS Fargate technology to remove access

D.

Invoke an AWS Step Functions state machine to remove access.

E.

Use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to notify the security team.

F.

Use Amazon Pinpoint to notify the security team.

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Questions 150

Question:

A company provisions short-lived AWS accounts for students. Each account needs access to ml.p2.xlarge SageMaker instances for training and inference. The default quotas are insufficient.

How should quota increases be automated during account provisioning?

Options:

A.

Create a quota request template inus-east-1, enable template association, and add quotas for ml.p2.xlarge training and endpoint usage in ap-southeast-2.

B.

Use ml.p2.xlarge training warm pool quota in ap-southeast-2.

C.

Create the template in ap-southeast-2 for SageMaker quotas in us-east-1.

D.

Use warm pool quotas in us-east-1.

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Questions 151

A software development company has multiple engineers who ate working remotely. The company is running Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) on an Amazon EC2 instance. The company ' s security policy states that all internal, nonpublic services that are deployed in a VPC must be accessible through a VPN. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) must be used for access to a VPN.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Sire-to-Site VPN connection. Configure Integration between a VPN and AD DS. Use an Amazon Workspaces client with MFA support enabled to establish a VPN connection.

B.

Create an AWS Client VPN endpoint Create an AD Connector directory tor integration with AD DS. Enable MFA tor AD Connector. Use AWS Client VPN to establish a VPN connection.

C.

Create multiple AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections by using AWS VPN CloudHub. Configure integration between AWS VPN CloudHub and AD DS. Use AWS Copilot to establish a VPN connection.

D.

Create an Amazon WorkLink endpoint. Configure integration between Amazon WorkLink and AD DS. Enable MFA in Amazon WorkLink. Use AWS Client VPN to establish a VPN connection.

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Questions 152

A company is subject to regulatory audits of its financial information. External auditors who use a single AWS account need access to the company ' s AWS account. A solutions architect must provide the auditors with secure, read-only access to the company ' s AWS account. The solution must comply with AWS security best practices.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

In the company ' s AWS account, create resource policies for all resources in the account to grant access to the auditors ' AWS account. Assign a unique external ID to the resource policy.

B.

In the company ' s AWS account create an IAM role that trusts the auditors ' AWS account Create an IAM policy that has the required permissions. Attach the policy to the role. Assign a unique external ID to the role ' s trust policy.

C.

In the company ' s AWS account, create an IAM user. Attach the required IAM policies to the IAM user. Create API access keys for the IAM user. Share the access keys with the auditors.

D.

In the company ' s AWS account, create an IAM group that has the required permissions Create an IAM user in the company s account for each auditor. Add the IAM users to the IAM group.

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Questions 153

A company is implementing a serverless architecture by using AWS Lambda functions that need to access a Microsoft SQL Server DB instance on Amazon RDS. The company has separate environments for development and production, including a clone of the database system.

The company ' s developers are allowed to access the credentials for the development database. However, the credentials for the production database must be encrypted with a key that only members of the IT security team ' s IAM user group can access. This key must be rotated on a regular basis.

What should a solutions architect do in the production environment to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Store the database credentials in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store by using a SecureString parameter that is encrypted by an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key. Attach a role to each Lambda function to provide access to the SecureString parameter. Restrict access to the Securestring parameter and the customer managed key so that only the IT security team can access the parameter and the key.

B.

Encrypt the database credentials by using the AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) default Lambda key. Store the credentials in the environment variables of each Lambda function. Load the credentials from the environment variables in the Lambda code. Restrict access to the KMS key o that only the IT security team can access the key.

C.

Store the database credentials in the environment variables of each Lambda function.Encrypt the environment variables by using an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key. Restrict access to the customer managed key so that only the IT security team can access the key.

D.

Store the database credentials in AWS Secrets Manager as a secret that is associated with an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customermanaged key. Attach a role to each Lambda function to provide access to the secret. Restrict access to the secret and the customer managed key so that only the IT security team can access the secret and the key.

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Questions 154

A company is migrating to AWS and needs to inventory physical and virtual servers, apps, and database relationships to properly rightsize and plan migration.

Options:

A.

Use Migration Evaluator with Agentless Collector.

B.

Use Migration Hub with Discovery Agent and Strategy Recommendations.

C.

Use Migration Hub with Agentless Collector and Migration Service.

D.

Use Migration Hub import tool.

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Questions 155

A company wants to change its internal cloud billing strategy for each of its business units. Currently, the cloud governance team shares reports for overall cloud spending with the head of each business unit. The company uses AWS Organizations lo manage the separate AWS accounts for each business unit. The existing tagging standard in Organizations includes the application, environment, and owner. The cloud governance team wants a centralized solution so each business unit receives monthly reports on its cloud spending. The solution should also send notifications for any cloud spending that exceeds a set threshold.

Which solution is the MOST cost-effective way to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Budgets in each account and configure budget alerts that are grouped by application, environment, and owner. Add each business unit to an Amazon SNS topic for each alert. Use Cost Explorer in each account to create monthly reports for each business unit.

B.

Configure AWS Budgets in the organization ' s master account and configure budget alerts that are grouped by application, environment, and owner. Add each business unit to an Amazon SNS topic for each alert. Use Cost Explorer in the organization ' s master account to create monthly reports for each business unit.

C.

Configure AWS Budgets in each account and configure budget alerts lhat are grouped by application, environment, and owner. Add each business unit to an Amazon SNS topic for each alert. Use the AWS Billing and Cost Management dashboard in each account to create monthly reports for each business unit.

D.

Enable AWS Cost and Usage Reports in the organization ' s master account and configure reports grouped by application, environment, and owner. Create an AWS Lambda function that processes AWS Cost and Usage Reports, sends budget alerts, and sends monthly reports to each business unit ' s email list.

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Questions 156

A company has an on-premises website application that provides real estate information for potential renters and buyers. The website uses a Java backend and a NOSQL MongoDB database to store subscriber data.

The company needs to migrate the entire application to AWS with a similar structure. The application must be deployed for high availability, and the company cannot make changes to the application

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

use an Amazon Aurora DB cluster as the database for the subscriber data. Deploy Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones for the Java backend application.

B.

Use MongoDB on Amazon EC2 instances as the database for the subscriber data. Deploy EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group in a single Availability Zone for the Java backend application.

C.

Configure Amazon DocumentD3 (with MongoDB compatibility) with appropriately sized instances in multiple Availability Zones as the database for the subscriber data. Deploy Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones for the Java backend application.

D.

Configure Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility) in on-demand capacity mode in multiple Availability Zones as the database for the subscriber data. Deploy Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones for the Java backend application.

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Questions 157

A company uses Microsoft Active Directory for user management and Microsoft Entra ID as an identity provider (IdP). The company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company establishes an AWS IAM Identity Center instance that is integrated with the IdP and creates the required user groups.

Multiple company departments and applications use Amazon S3. The company uses S3 bucket policies to manage permissions. As a result of the granular permissions the company creates, the policies grow so large that they reach the quota for S3 bucket policy length. The company needs to simplify the process of managing granular S3 bucket permissions for company identities.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an S3 Access Grant. Associate the S3 Access Grant with the IAM Identity Center instance. Create S3 Access Grants for the user groups based on business requirements by specifying the appropriate S3 bucket. Use the Amazon S3 API to grant the user groups temporary credentials to access the required S3 buckets.

B.

Create an S3 access point for each of the S3 buckets. Create an AWS Lambda function to query data from Amazon S3 based on user permissions. Create an Object Lambda Access Point for the S3 access points. Associate the Lambda function with the Object Lambda Access Point.

C.

Create an S3 access point for each of the S3 buckets. Block public access in the S3 access point settings. Create an access policy based on user requirements. Attach the access policy to the S3 access point. Use the S3 access point to access the S3 bucket.

D.

Group users into appropriate OUs in Organizations. Create SCPs to grant access to specific S3 buckets based on business requirements. Attach the SCPs to the appropriate OUs. Use permission sets in IAM Identity Center to grant access the S3 buckets.

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Questions 158

A company needs to architect a hybrid DNS solution. This solution will use an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for the domain cloud.example.com for the resources stored within VPCs.

The company has the following DNS resolution requirements:

• On-premises systems should be able to resolve and connect to cloud.example.com.

• All VPCs should be able to resolve cloud.example.com.

There is already an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises corporate network and AWS Transit Gateway. Which architecture should the company use to meet these requirements with the HIGHEST performance?

Options:

A.

Associate the private hosted zone to all the VPCs. Create a Route 53 inbound resolver in theshared services VPC. Attach all VPCs to the transit gateway and create forwarding rules in the on-premises DNS server for cloud.example.com that point to the inbound resolver.

B.

Associate the private hosted zone to all the VPCs. Deploy an Amazon EC2 conditional forwarder in the shared services VPC. Attach all VPCs to the transit gateway and create forwarding rules in the on-premises DNS server for cloud.example.com that point to the conditional forwarder.

C.

Associate the private hosted zone to the shared services VPC. Create a Route 53 outbound resolver in the shared services VPC. Attach all VPCs to the transit gateway and create forwarding rules in the on-premises DNS server for cloud.example.com that point to the outbound resolver.

D.

Associate the private hosted zone to the shared services VPC. Create a Route 53 inbound resolver in the shared services VPC. Attach the shared services VPC to the transit gateway and create forwarding rules in the on-premises DNS server for cloud.example.com that point to the inbound resolver.

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Questions 159

A company built an application based on AWS Lambda deployed in an AWS CloudFormation stack. The last production release of the web application introduced an issue that resulted in an outage lasting several minutes. A solutions architect must adjust the deployment process to support a canary release.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an alias for every new deployed version of the Lambda function. Use the AWS CLI update-alias command with the routing-config parameter to distribute the load.

B.

Deploy the application into a new CloudFormation stack. Use an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy to distribute the load.

C.

Create a version for every new deployed Lambda function. Use the AWS CLI update-function-contiguration command with the routing-config parameter to distribute the load.

D.

Configure AWS CodeDeploy and use CodeDeployDefault.OneAtATime in the Deployment configuration to distribute the load.

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Questions 160

A company is creating a REST API to share information with six of its partners based in the United States. The company has created an Amazon API Gateway Regional endpoint. Each of the six partners will access the API once per day to post daily sales figures.

After initial deployment, the company observes 1.000 requests per second originating from 500 different IP addresses around the world. The company believes this traffic is originating from a botnet and wants to secure its API while minimizing cost.

Which approach should the company take to secure its API?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution with the API as the origin. Create an AWS WAF web ACL with a rule lo block clients thai submit more than fiverequests per day. Associate the web ACL with the CloudFront distnbution. Configure CloudFront with an origin access identity (OAI) and associate it with the distribution. Configure API Gateway to ensure only the OAI can run the POST method.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution with the API as the origin. Create an AWS WAF web ACL with a rule to block clients that submit more than five requests per day. Associate the web ACL with the CloudFront distnbution. Add a custom header to the CloudFront distribution populated with an API key. Configure the API to require an API key on the POST method.

C.

Create an AWS WAF web ACL with a rule to allow access to the IP addresses used by the six partners. Associate the web ACL with the API. Create a resource policy with a request limit and associate it with the API. Configure the API to require an API key on the POST method.

D.

Create an AWS WAF web ACL with a rule to allow access to the IP addresses used by the six partners. Associate the web ACL with the API. Create a usage plan with a request limit and associate it with the API. Create an API key and add it to the usage plan.

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Questions 161

Question:

How can applications in multiple AWS accounts privately access aPostgreSQL RDS instancein a separate AWS account, while managing the number of connections?

Options:

A.

Transit Gateway + NAT Gateway

B.

RDS Proxy + PrivateLink via NLB

C.

VPC Peering + Application Load Balancer

D.

VPC Peering + NAT Gateway

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Questions 162

A company is developing a new serverless API by using Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda. The company integrated the Lambda functions with API Gateway to use several shared libraries and custom classes.

A solutions architect needs to simplify the deployment of the solution and optimize for code reuse.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy the shared libraries and custom classes into a Docker image. Store the image in an S3 bucket. Create a Lambda layer that uses the Docker image as the source. Deploy the API ' s Lambda functions as Zip packages. Configure the packages to use the Lambda layer.

B.

Deploy the shared libraries and custom classes to a Docker image. Upload the image to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Create a Lambda layer that uses the Docker image as the source. Deploy the API ' s Lambda functions as Zip packages. Configure the packages to use the Lambda layer.

C.

Deploy the shared libraries and custom classes to a Docker container in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) by using the AWS Fargate launch type. Deploy the API ' s Lambda functions as Zip packages. Configure the packages to use the deployed container as a Lambda layer.

D.

Deploy the shared libraries, custom classes, and code for the API ' s Lambda functions to a Docker image. Upload the image to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Configure the API ' s Lambda functions to use the Docker image as the deployment package.

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Questions 163

A company is planning to migrate its on-premises transaction-processing application to AWS. The application runs inside Docker containers that are hosted on VMS in the company ' s data center. The Docker containers have shared storage where the application records transaction data.

The transactions are time sensitive. The volume of transactions inside the application is unpredictable. The company must implement a low-latency storage solution that will automatically scale throughput to meet increased demand. The company cannot develop the application further and cannot continue to administer the Docker hosting environment.

How should the company migrate the application to AWS to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Migrate the containers that run the application to Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). Use Amazon S3 to store the transaction data that the containers share.

B.

Migrate the containers that run the application to AWS Fargate for Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. Create a Fargate task definition. Add a volume to the task definition to point to the EFS file system

C.

Migrate the containers that run the application to AWS Fargate for Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). Create an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. Create a Fargate task definition. Attach the EBS volume to each running task.

D.

Launch Amazon EC2 instances. Install Docker on the EC2 instances. Migrate the containers to the EC2 instances. Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. Add a mount point to the EC2 instances for the EFS file system.

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Questions 164

A financial services company loaded millions of historical stock trades into an Amazon DynamoDB table. The table uses on-demand capacity mode. Once each day at midnight, a few million new records are loaded into the table. Application read activity against the table happens in bursts throughout the day. and a limited set of keys are repeatedly looked up. The company needs to reduce costs associated with DynamoDB.

Which strategy should a solutions architect recommend to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Deploy an Amazon ElastiCache cluster in front of the DynamoDB table.

B.

Deploy DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX). Configure DynamoDB auto scaling. Purchase Savings Plans in Cost Explorer

C.

Use provisioned capacity mode. Purchase Savings Plans in Cost Explorer.

D.

Deploy DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX). Use provisioned capacity mode. Configure DynamoDB auto scaling.

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Questions 165

A North American company with headquarters on the East Coast is deploying a new web application running on Amazon EC2 in the us-east-1 Region. The application should dynamically scale to meet user demand and maintain resiliency. Additionally, the application must have disaster recover capabilities in an active-passive configuration with the us-west-1 Region.

Which steps should a solutions architect take after creating a VPC in the us-east-1 Region?

Options:

A.

Create a VPC in the us-west-1 Region. Use inter-Region VPC peering to connect both VPCs. Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) spanning multiple Availability Zones (AZs) to the VPC in the us-east-1 Region. Deploy EC2 instances across multiple AZs in each Region as part of an Auto Scaling group spanning both VPCs and served by the ALB.

B.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) spanning multiple Availability Zones (AZs) to the VPC in the us-east-1 Region. Deploy EC2 instances across multiple AZs as part of an Auto Scaling group served by the ALB. Deploy the same solution to the us-west-1 Region. Create an Amazon Route 53 record set with a failover routing policy and health checks enabled to provide high availability across both Regions.

C.

Create a VPC in the us-west-1 Region. Use inter-Region VPC peering to connect both VPCs. Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that spans both VPCs. Deploy EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones as part of an Auto Scaling group in each VPC served by the ALB. Create an Amazon Route 53 record that points to the ALB.

D.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) spanning multiple Availability Zones (AZs) to the VPC in the us-east-1 Region. Deploy EC2 instances across multiple AZs as part of an Auto Scaling group served by the ALB. Deploy the same solution to the us-west-1 Region. Create separate Amazon Route 53 records in each Region that point to the ALB in the Region. Use Route 53 health checks to provide high availability across both Regions.

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Questions 166

A company runs a processing engine in the AWS Cloud. The engine processes environmental data from logistics centers to calculate a sustainability index. The company has millions of devices in logistics centers that are spread across Europe. The devices send information to the processing engine through a RESTful API. The API experiences unpredictable bursts of traffic. The company must implement a solution to process all data that the devices send to the processing engine. Data loss is unacceptable. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for the RESTful API. Create an Amazon SQS queue. Create a listener and a target group for the ALB. Add the SQS queue as the target. Use a container that runs in Amazon ECS with the Fargate launch type to process messages in the queue.

B.

Create an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API that implements the RESTful API. Create an Amazon SQS queue. Create an API Gateway service integration with the SQS queue. Create an AWS Lambda function to process messages in the SQS queue.

C.

Create an Amazon API Gateway REST API that implements the RESTful API. Create a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. Create an API Gateway Auto Scaling group proxy integration. Use the EC2 instances to process incoming data.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution for the RESTful API. Create a data stream in Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Set the data stream as the origin for the distribution. Create an AWS Lambda function to consume and process data in the data stream.

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Questions 167

A company runs a Java application that has complex dependencies on VMs that are in the company ' s data center. The application is stable. but the company wants to modernize the technology stack. The company wants to migrate the application to AWS and minimize the administrative overhead to maintain the servers.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST code changes?

Options:

A.

Migrate the application to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) on AWS Fargate by using AWS App2Container. Store container images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Grant the ECS task execution role permission 10 access the ECR image repository. Configure Amazon ECS to use an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Use the ALB to interact with the application.

B.

Migrate the application code to a container that runs in AWS Lambda. Build an Amazon API Gateway REST API with Lambda integration. Use API Gateway to interact with the application.

C.

Migrate the application to Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) on EKS managed node groups by using AWS App2Container. Store container images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Give the EKS nodes permission to access the ECR image repository. Use Amazon API Gateway to interact with the application.

D.

Migrate the application code to a container that runs in AWS Lambda. Configure Lambda to use an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Use the ALB to interact with the application.

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Questions 168

A company has AWS accounts that are in an organization in AWS rganizations. The company wants to track Amazon EC2 usage as a metric.

The company ' s architecture team must receive a daily alert if the EC2 usage is more than 10% higher than the average EC2 usage from the last 30 days.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Budgets in the organization ' s management account. Specify a usage type of EC2 running hours. Specify a daily period. Set the budget amount to be 10% more than the reported average usage for the last 30 days from AWS Cost Explorer.

B.

Configure an alert to notify the architecture team if the usage threshold is met. Configure AWS Cost Anomaly Detection in the organization ' s management account. Configure a monitor type of AWS Service. Apply a filter of Amazon EC2. Configure an alert subscription to notify the architecture team if the usage is 10% more than the average usage for the last 30 days.

C.

Enable AWS Trusted Advisor in the organization ' s management account. Configure a cost optimization advisory alert to notify the architecture team if the EC2 usage is 10% more than the reported average usage for the last 30 days.

D.

Configure Amazon Detective in the organization ' s management account. Configure an EC2 usage anomaly alert to notify the architecture team if Detective identifies a usage anomaly of more than 10%.

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Questions 169

A global manufacturing company plans to migrate the majority of its applications to AWS. However, the company is concerned about applications that need to remain within a specific country or in the company ' s central on-premises data center because of data regulatory requirements or requirements for latency of single-digit milliseconds. The company also is concerned about the applications that it hosts in some of its factory sites, where limited network infrastructure exists.

The company wants a consistent developer experience so that its developers can build applications once and deploy on premises, in the cloud, or in a hybrid architecture.

The developers must be able to use the same tools, APIs, and services that are familiar to them.

Which solution will provide a consistent hybrid experience to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Migrate all applications to the closest AWS Region that is compliant. Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection between the central on-premises data center and AWS. Deploy a Direct Connect gateway.

B.

Use AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized devices for the applications that have data regulatory requirements or requirements for latency of single-digit milliseconds. Retain the devices on premises. Deploy AWS Wavelength to host the workloads in the factory sites.

C.

Install AWS Outposts for the applications that have data regulatory requirements or requirements for latency of single-digit milliseconds. Use AWS Snowball Edge Compute Optimized devices to host the workloads in the factory sites.

D.

Migrate the applications that have data regulatory requirements or requirements for latency of single-digit milliseconds to an AWS Local Zone. Deploy AWS Wavelength to host the workloads in the factory sites.

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Questions 170

Question:

A company uses AWS Organizations and tags every resource with a BusinessUnit tag. They want toallocate cloud costsby business unit andvisualizethem.

Options:

Options:

A.

Activate BusinessUnit cost allocation tag in the management account. Create a CUR to S3. Use Athena + QuickSight for reporting.

B.

Create cost allocation tags in each member account. Use CloudWatch Dashboards.

C.

Create cost allocation tags in the management account. Deploy CURs per account.

D.

Use tags and CUR per account. Visualize with QuickSight from management account.

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Questions 171

A company hosts a payment processing platform across multiple AWS Regions. The processing platform exposes payment processing API endpoints. The company uses Amazon Route 53 to route traffic to an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in each Region to distribute requests to backend payment gateways. The company has implemented Auto Scaling for the payment gateways.

The company needs to improve reliability and availability by handling application failures quickly.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST response time for global users?

Options:

A.

Configure Route 53 to use a geolocation routing policy to resolve DNS to an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Configure the distribution with an origin group that includes the ALBs from each Region as origins.

B.

Create an accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator. Create an endpoint group and add each ALB as an endpoint in the group. Update the Route 53 alias records to point to the accelerator.

C.

Configure Route 53 to use a latency-based routing policy and health checks for each Regional endpoint.

D.

Set up cross-Region connectivity by using AWS Cloud WAN to connect VPCs across Regions. Use network policies to route traffic from each Region to the Region that is closest to the origin Region.

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Questions 172

Example Corp recently acquired AnyCompany, which has been operating its AWS workloads in a single account. Example Corp needs to integrate AnyCompany’s account into Example Corp’s existing organization in AWS Organizations. Example Corp must ensure that all Amazon EC2 instances that are used for development are part of a specific OU for development work. Example Corp needs to scan all EC2 instances every day for vulnerabilities and produce a report that includes findings. All EC2 instances must be patched and baselined on a regular schedule.

Example Corp has already tagged all the EC2 instances that are used for development with a development environment tag.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? Select THREE.

Options:

A.

Invite AnyCompany’s account into the organization. Use SCPs to enforce tag requirements for all new instances. Create a new account under an OU for development work. Recreate EC2 instances that have the development environment tag into the account.

B.

Invite AnyCompany’s account into the organization. Use IAM policies for each account to enforce tag usage. Use AWS Resource Groups to recreate EC2 instances that have the development environment tag into a new OU for development work.

C.

Configure AWS Security Hub across the organization. Configure AWS Trusted Advisor to perform daily security checks on all EC2 instances in the organization.

D.

Configure AWS Security Hub across the organization. Configure Amazon Inspector to perform daily security checks on all EC2 instances in the organization.

E.

Configure AWS Systems Manager Patch Manager in each individual account. Define patch baselines and reports separately for each account.

F.

Configure AWS Systems Manager Patch Manager across the organization by using a delegated administrator account. Create organization-wide patch baselines and configure compliance reporting.

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Questions 173

A company wants to deploy an AWS WAF solution to manage AWS WAF rules across multiple AWS accounts. The accounts are managed under different OUs in AWS Organizations.

Administrators must be able to add or remove accounts or OUs from managed AWS WAF rule sets as needed Administrators also must have the ability to automatically update and remediate noncompliant AWS WAF rules in all accounts

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Firewall Manager to manage AWS WAF rules across accounts in the organization. Use an AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store parameter to store account numbers and OUs to manage Update the parameter as needed to add or remove accounts or OUs Use an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to identify any changes to the parameter and to invoke an AWS Lambda function to update the security policy in the Firewall Manager administ

B.

Deploy an organization-wide AWS Config rule that requires all resources in the selected OUs to associate the AWS WAF rules. Deploy automated remediation actions by using AWS Lambda to fix noncompliant resources Deploy AWS WAF rules by using an AWS CloudFormation stack set to target the same OUs where the AWS Config rule is applied.

C.

Create AWS WAF rules in the management account of the organization Use AWS Lambda environment variables to store account numbers and OUs to manage Update environment variables as needed to add or remove accounts or OUs Create cross-account IAM roles in member accounts Assume the rotes by using AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) in the Lambda function tocreate and update AWS WAF rules in the member accounts.

D.

Use AWS Control Tower to manage AWS WAF rules across accounts in the organization Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to store account numbers and OUs to manage Update AWS KMS as needed to add or remove accounts or OUs Create IAM users in member accounts Allow AWS Control Tower in the management account to use the access key and secret access key to create and update AWS WAF rules in the member accounts

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Questions 174

A company operates a proxy server on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. Partners in different countries use the proxy server to test the company ' s functionality. The EC2 instances are running in a VPC. and the instances have access to the internet.

The company ' s security policy requires that partners can access resources only from domains that the company owns.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver DNS Firewall domain list that contains the allowed domains. Configure a DNS Firewall rule group with a rule that has a high numeric value that blocks all requests. Configure a rule that has a low numeric value that allows requests for domains in the allowed list. Associate the rule group with the VPC.

B.

Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver DNS Firewall domain list that contains the allowed domains. Configure a Route 53 outbound endpoint. Associate the outbound endpoint with the VPC. Associate the domain list with the outbound endpoint.

C.

Create an Amazon Route 53 traffic flow policy to match the allowed domains. Configure the traffic flow policy to forward requests that match to the Route 53 Resolver. Associate the traffic flow policy with the VPC.

D.

Create an Amazon Route 53 outbound endpoint. Associate the outbound endpoint with the VPC. Configure a Route 53 traffic flow policy to forward requests for allowed domains to the outbound endpoint. Associate the traffic flow policy with the VPC.

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Questions 175

A company has an application that uses an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster for the application ' s database. The DB cluster contains one small primary instance and three larger replica instances. The application runs on an AWS Lambda function. The application makes many short-lived connections to the database ' s replica instances to perform read-only operations.

During periods of high traffic, the application becomes unreliable and the database reports that too many connections are being established. The frequency of high-traffic periods is unpredictable.

Which solution will improve the reliability of the application?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon RDS Proxy to create a proxy for the DB cluster. Configure a read-only endpoint for the proxy. Update the Lambda function to connect to the proxyendpoint.

B.

Increase the max_connections setting on the DB cluster ' s parameter group. Reboot all the instances in the DB cluster. Update the Lambda function to connect to the DB cluster endpoint.

C.

Configure instance scaling for the DB cluster to occur when the DatabaseConnections metric is close to the max _ connections setting. Update the Lambda function to connect to the Aurora reader endpoint.

D.

Use Amazon RDS Proxy to create a proxy for the DB cluster. Configure a read-only endpoint for the Aurora Data API on the proxy. Update the Lambda function to connect to the proxy endpoint.

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Questions 176

Question:

A company is modernizing a legacy.NET Frameworkapplication backed by SQL Server. Requirements:

Containerize into microservices.

Control OS patches and storage.

Add load balancing.

Ensure high availability.Which solution meets all of these with minimal refactoring?

Options:

A.

Use App2Container to deploy on ECS EC2 with ALB and RDS for SQL Server.

B.

Use App2Container on ECS EC2 with NLB and Aurora MySQL.

C.

Use Porting Assistant and EKS with Fargate and Aurora MySQL.

D.

Use Porting Assistant and EKS with Fargate and RDS SQL Server.

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Questions 177

A solutions architect wants to cost-optimize and appropriately size Amazon EC2 instances in a single AWS account. The solutions architect wants to ensure that the instances are optimized based on CPU, memory, and network metrics.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Purchase AWS Business Support or AWS Enterprise Support for the account.

B.

Turn on AWS Trusted Advisor and review any “Low Utilization Amazon EC2 Instances” recommendations.

C.

Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent and configure memory metric collection on the EC2 instances.

D.

Configure AWS Compute Optimizer in the AWS account to receive findings and optimization recommendations.

E.

Create an EC2 Instance Savings Plan for the AWS Regions, instance families, and operating systems of interest.

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Questions 178

A company is using multiple AWS accounts The DNS records are stored in a private hosted zone for Amazon Route 53 in Account A The company ' s applications and databases are running in Account B.

A solutions architect win deploy a two-net application In a new VPC To simplify the configuration, the db.example com CNAME record set tor the Amazon RDS endpoint was created in a private hosted zone for Amazon Route 53.

During deployment, the application failed to start. Troubleshooting revealed that db.example com is not resolvable on the Amazon EC2 instance The solutions architect confirmed that the record set was created correctly in Route 53.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to resolve this issue? (Select TWO )

Options:

A.

Deploy the database on a separate EC2 instance in the new VPC Create a record set for the instance ' s private IP in the private hosted zone

B.

Use SSH to connect to the application tier EC2 instance Add an RDS endpoint IP address to the /eto/resolv.conf file

C.

Create an authorization lo associate the private hosted zone in Account A with the new VPC In Account B

D.

Create a private hosted zone for the example.com domain m Account B Configure Route 53 replication between AWS accounts

E.

Associate a new VPC in Account B with a hosted zone in Account A. Delete the association authorization In Account A.

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Questions 179

Question:

A company is migrating its on-premises file transfer solution to AWS Transfer Family. The current system includes an SFTP server, a transformation application, and a messaging server. Transformations run every 5 minutes and notify the messaging server when complete.

The company wants to simplify and reduce operational overhead.

Options:

A.

Use Amazon EFS and a cron job to perform the transformations. Notify using SNS.

B.

Use Amazon EMR to perform the transformations and notify via SNS.

C.

Use Amazon S3 as storage with AWS Glue triggered by S3 events for transformations, and notify via SQS.

D.

Use Amazon EFS with a time-based AWS Glue job every 5 minutes.

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Questions 180

A company runs a workload in the AWS Cloud. The company stores data for the application in an older version of Amazon DocumentDB. Several backend services read and write data to the database continuously throughout all hours of the day. All services connect to the database by using the Amazon DocumentDB cluster endpoint, which is registered as a DNS record in Amazon Route 53.

The company needs to upgrade the database to the latest version of Amazon DocumentDB without losing any data. The company must be able to test and verify the upgrade before the company allows backend services to use the upgraded version. The company has already enabled change streams and set a retention period of 24 hours.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a new Amazon DocumentDB cluster that runs the latest version. Use the Amazon DocumentDB Index Tool to export existing indexes and import them to the new cluster. Create a new AWS DMS instance and a source and target endpoint. Create a DMS task to migrate the data by using the Migrate and replicate migration type. Test and verify the new cluster. Update the Route 53 record to point to the new cluster.

B.

Create a new Amazon DocumentDB cluster that runs the latest version. Install MongoDB command line interface (CLI) database tools on an Amazon EC2 instance. Use the MongoDB CLI to create a binary export, and import the data to the new Amazon DocumentDB cluster. Test and verify the new cluster. Update the Route 53 record to point to the new cluster.

C.

Create a snapshot of the existing Amazon DocumentDB cluster. Perform an in-place major version upgrade. Modify the existing cluster to the latest version and the latest cluster parameter group. Apply modifications immediately. Test and verify the upgrade.

D.

Create a new Amazon DocumentDB cluster that runs the latest version. Deploy the AWS DataSync agent to an Amazon EC2 instance and activate the agent. Create a new AWS DataSync task in enhanced mode. Start the transfer task to copy data to the new cluster. Test and verify the new cluster. Update the Route 53 record to point to the new cluster.

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Questions 181

A company is planning to migrate its on-premises VMware cluster of 120 VMS to AWS. The VMS have many different operating systems and many custom software

packages installed. The company also has an on-premises NFS server that is 10 TB in size. The company has set up a 10 GbpsAWS Direct Connect connection to AWS for the migration

Which solution will complete the migration to AWS in the LEAST amount of time?

Options:

A.

Export the on-premises VMS and copy them to an Amazon S3 bucket. Use VM Import/Export to create AMIS from the VM images that are stored in Amazon S3.Order an AWS Snowball Edge device. Copy the NFS server data to the device. Restore the NFS server data to an Amazon EC2 instance that has NFS configured.

B.

Configure AWS Application Migration Service with a connection to the VMware cluster. Create a replication job for the VMS. Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. Configure AWS DataSync to copy the NFS server data to the EFS file system over the Direct Connect connection.

C.

Recreate the VMS on AWS as Amazon EC2 instances. Install all the required software packages. Create an Amazon FSx for Lustre file system. Configure AWS DataSync to copy the NFS server data to the FSx for Lustre file system over the Direct Connect connection.

D.

Order two AWS Snowball Edge devices. Copy the VMS and the NFS server data to the devices. Run VM Import/Export after the data from the devices isloaded to an Amazon S3 bucket. Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. Copy the NFS server data from Amazon S3 to the EFS file system.

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Questions 182

A company is using a single AWS Region for its ecommerce website. The website includes a web application that runs on several Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The website also includes an Amazon DynamoDB table. A custom domain name in Amazon Route 53 is linked to the ALB. The company created an SSL/TLS certificate in AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) and attached the certificate to the ALB. The company is not using a content delivery network as part of its design. The company wants to replicate its entire application stack in a second Region to provide disaster recovery, plan for future growth, and provide improved access time to users. A solutions architect needs to implement a solution that achieves these goals and minimizes administrative overhead. Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CloudFormation template for the current infrastructure design. Use parameters for important system values, including Region. Use the CloudFormation template to create the new infrastructure in the second Region.

B.

Use the AWS Management Console to document the existing infrastructure design in the first Region and to create the new infrastructure in the second Region.

C.

Update the Route 53 hosted zone record for the application to use weighted routing. Send 50% of the traffic to the ALB in each Region.

D.

Update the Route 53 hosted zone record for the application to use latency-based routing. Send traffic to the ALB in each Region.

E.

Update the configuration of the existing DynamoDB table by enabling DynamoDB Streams. Add the second Region to create a global table.

F.

Create a new DynamoDB table. Enable DynamoDB Streams for the new table. Add the second Region to create a global table. Copy the data from the existing DynamoDB table to the new table as a one-time operation.

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Questions 183

A company is deploying a new application on AWS. The application consists of an Amazon EKS cluster and an Amazon ECR repository. The EKS cluster has an AWS managed node group.

The company ' s security guidelines state that all resources on AWS must be continuously scanned for security vulnerabilities.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Activate AWS Security Hub. Configure Security Hub to scan the EKS nodes and the ECR repository.

B.

Activate Amazon Inspector to scan the EKS nodes and the ECR repository.

C.

Launch a new Amazon EC2 instance and install a vulnerability scanning tool from AWS Marketplace. Configure the EC2 instance to scan the EKS nodes. Configure Amazon ECR to perform a basic scan on push.

D.

Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on the EKS nodes. Configure the CloudWatch agent to scan continuously. Configure Amazon ECR to perform a basic scan on push.

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Questions 184

An online gaming company needs to optimize the cost of its workloads on AWS. The company uses a dedicated account to host the production environment for its online gaming application and an analytics application.

Amazon EC2 instances host the gaming application and must always be vailable. The EC2 instances run all year. The analytics application uses data that is stored in Amazon S3. The analytics application can be interrupted and resumed without issue.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Purchase an EC2 Instance Savings Plan for the online gaming application instances. Use On-Demand Instances for the analytics application.

B.

Purchase an EC2 Instance Savings Plan for the online gaming application instances. Use Spot Instances for the analytics application.

C.

Use Spot Instances for the online gaming application and the analytics application. Set up a catalog in AWS Service Catalog to provision services at a discount.

D.

Use On-Demand Instances for the online gaming application. Use Spot Instances for the analytics application. Set up a catalog in AWS Service Catalog to provision services at a discount.

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Questions 185

A company wants to migrate its on-premises application to AWS. The database for the application stores structured product data and temporary user session data. The company needs to decouple the product data from the user session data. The company also needs to implement replication in another AWS Region for disaster recovery.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the HIGHEST performance?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon RDS DB instance with separate schemas to host the product data and the user session data. Configure a read replica for the DB instance in another Region.

B.

Create an Amazon RDS DB instance to host the product data. Configure a read replica for the DB instance in another Region. Create a global datastore in Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached to host the user session data.

C.

Create two Amazon DynamoDB global tables. Use one global table to host the product data Use the other global table to host the user session data. Use DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) for caching.

D.

Create an Amazon RDS DB instance to host the product data. Configure a read replica for the DB instance in another Region. Create an Amazon DynamoDB global table to host the user session data

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Questions 186

A company needs to aggregate Amazon CloudWatch logs from its AWS accounts into one central logging account. The collected logs must remain in the AWS Region of

creation. The central logging account will then process the logs, normalize the logs into standard output format, and stream the output logs to a security tool for more processing.

A solutions architect must design a solution that can handle a large volume of logging data that needs to be ingested. Less logging will occur outside normal business hours than during normal business hours. The logging solution must scale with the anticipated load. The solutions architect has decided to use an AWS Control Tower design to handle the multi-account logging process.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet the requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create a destination Amazon Kinesis data stream in the central logging account.

B.

Create a destination Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue in the central logging account.

C.

Create an IAM role that grants Amazon CloudWatch Logs the permission to add data to the Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create a trust policy. Specify thetrust policy in the IAM role. In each member account, create a subscription filter for each log group to send data to the Kinesis data stream.

D.

Create an IAM role that grants Amazon CloudWatch Logs the permission to add data to the Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Create atrust policy. Specify the trust policy in the IAM role. In each member account, create a single subscription filter for all log groups to send datato the SQSqueue.

E.

Create an AWS Lambda function. Program the Lambda function to normalize the logs in the central logging account and to write the logs to the security tool.

F.

Create an AWS Lambda function. Program the Lambda function to normalize the logs in the member accounts and to write the logs to the security tool.

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Questions 187

A company wants to use an Amazon S3 bucket for its data scientists to store documents. The company uses AWS IAM Identity Center to authenticate users. The company created an IAM Identity Center group for the data scientists.

The company wants to grant the data scientists access to only their specific folders in the S3 bucket. The company also wants to know which documents each data scientist accessed.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create a custom IAM Identity Center permission set to grant the data scientists access to an S3 bucket prefix that matches their username tag. Use a policy to limit access to paths with the ${aws:PrincipalTag/userName > / " condition.

B.

Create an IAM Identity Center role for the data scientist group that has Amazon S3 read access and write access. Add an S3 bucket policy that allows access to the IAMIdentity Center role.

C.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to log S3 data events and deliver the logs to an S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to run queries on the CloudTrail logs in Amazon S3.

D.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to log S3 management events to Amazon CloudWatch. Use the Amazon Athena CloudWatch connector to query the logs.

E.

Enable S3 access logging to the EMR File System (EMRFS). Create an AWS Glue job to run queries on the access log data in EMRFS.

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Questions 188

A company runs a serverless application in a single AWS Region. The application accesses external URLs and extracts metadata from those sites. The company uses an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to publish URLs to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue An AWS Lambda function uses the queue as an event source and processes the URLs from the queue Results are saved to an Amazon S3 bucket

The company wants to process each URL other Regions to compare possible differences in site localization URLs must be published from the existing Region. Results must be written to the existing S3 bucket in the current Region.

Which combination of changes will produce multi-Region deployment that meets these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Deploy the SOS queue with the Lambda function to other Regions.

B.

Subscribe the SNS topic in each Region to the SQS queue.

C.

Subscribe the SQS queue in each Region to the SNS topics in each Region.

D.

Configure the SQS queue to publish URLs to SNS topics in each Region.

E.

Deploy the SNS topic and the Lambda function to other Regions.

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Questions 189

A company wants to use Amazon Workspaces in combination with thin client devices to replace aging desktops. Employees use the desktops to access applications that work with clinical trial data. Corporate security policy states that access to the applications must be restricted to only company branch office locations. The company is considering adding an additional branch office in the next 6 months.

Which solution meets these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Create an IP access control group rule with the list of public addresses from the branch offices. Associate the IP access control group with the Workspaces directory.

B.

Use AWS Firewall Manager to create a web ACL rule with an IPSet with the list to public addresses from the branch office Locations-Associate the web ACL with the Workspaces directory.

C.

Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to issue trusted device certificates to the machines deployed in the branch office locations. Enable restricted access on the Workspaces directory.

D.

Create a custom Workspace image with Windows Firewall configured to restrict access to the public addresses of the branch offices. Use the image to deploy the Workspaces.

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Questions 190

A company stores a static website on Amazon S3. AWS Lambda functions retrieve content from an S3 bucket and serve the content as a website. An Application Load Balancer (ALB) directs incoming traffic to the Lambda functions. An Amazon CloudFront distribution routes requests to the ALB.

The company has set up an AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) certificate on the HTTPS listener of the ALB. The company needs all users to communicate with the website through HTTPS. HTTP users must not receive an error.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Configure the ALB with a TCP listener on port 443 for passthrough to backend systems.

B.

Create an S3 bucket policy that denies access to the S3 bucket if the aws:SecureTransport request is false.

C.

Configure HTTP to HTTPS redirection on the S3 bucket.

D.

Set the origin protocol policy to HTTPS Only for CloudFront.

E.

Set the viewer protocol policy to HTTPS Only for CloudFront.

F.

Set the viewer protocol policy to Redirect HTTP to HTTPS for CloudFront.

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Questions 191

A startup company hosts a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets using the latest Amazon Linux 2 AMI. The company ' s engineers rely heavily on SSH access to the instances for troubleshooting.

The company ' s existing architecture includes the following:

• A VPC with private and public subnets, and a NAT gateway

• Site-to-Site VPN for connectivity with the on-premises environment

• EC2 security groups with direct SSH access from the on-premises environment

The company needs to increase security controls around SSH access and provide auditing of commands executed by the engineers.

Which strategy should a solutions architect use?

Options:

A.

Install and configure EC2 Instance Connect on the fleet of EC2 instances. Remove all security group rules attached to EC2 instances that allow inbound TCP on port 22. Advise the engineers to remotely access the instances by using the EC2 Instance Connect CLI.

B.

Update the EC2 security groups to only allow inbound TCP on port 22 to the IP addresses of the engineer ' s devices. Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on all EC2 instances and send operating system audit logs to CloudWatch Logs.

C.

Update the EC2 security groups to only allow inbound TCP on port 22 to the IP addresses of the engineer ' s devices. Enable AWS Config for EC2 security group resource changes. Enable AWS Firewall Manager and apply a security group policy that automatically remediates changes to rules.

D.

Create an IAM role with the AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore managed policy attached. Attach the IAM role to all the EC2 instances. Remove all security group rules attached to the EC2 instances that allow inbound TCP on port 22. Have the engineers install the AWS Systems Manager Session Manager plugin for their devices and remotely access the instances by using the start-session API call from Systems Manager.

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Questions 192

A company is rearchitecting its applications to run on AWS. The company ' s infrastructure includes multiple Amazon EC2 instances. The company ' s development team needs different levels of access. The company wants to implement a policy that requires all Windows EC2 instances to be joined to an Active Directory domain on AWS. The company also wants to Implement enhanced security processes such as multi-factor authentication (MFA). The company wants to use managed AWS services wherever possible.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory implementation. Launch an Amazon Workspace. Connect to and use the Workspace for domain security configuration tasks.

B.

Create an AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory implementation. Launch an EC2 instance. Connect to and use the EC2 instance for domain security configuration tasks.

C.

Create an AWS Directory Service Simple AD implementation. Launch an EC2 instance. Connect to and use the EC2 instance for domain security configuration tasks.

D.

Create an AWS Directory Service Simple AD implementation. Launch an Amazon Workspace. Connect to and use the Workspace for domain security configuration tasks.

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Questions 193

A company runs payment gateways in multiple AWS Regions. The company also operates on-premises data centers where the company manages hardware security modules (HSMs) to tokenize sensitive payment data to comply with security regulations.

To process payment transactions within the company ' s performance SLA, the company requires an automated and centrally managed solution that can provide dedicated private connectivity between the on-premises HSMs and AWS payment services.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Use a centrally managed accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator to route traffic from each data center the nearest AWS Region.

B.

Establish AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections between the data centers and AWS. Set up a centrally managed transit gateway and set appropriate routes.

C.

Use AWS CloudHSM to tokenize the sensitive payment data. Deploy CloudHSM in the same private subnet as the payment services workload.

D.

Set up AWS Cloud WAN with AWS Direct Connect attachments between on-premises data centers and AWS.

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Exam Code: SAP-C02
Exam Name: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional
Last Update: May 22, 2026
Questions: 645

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